公开(公告)号：WO2014140099A2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-18

申请号：PCT/EP2014/054837

申请日：2014-03-12

Applicant: NIKON METROLOGY NV

Inventor： HADLAND, Roger

IPC: H01J35/02

CPC classification number: H01J35/025 ,  F16C33/768 ,  F16C35/042 ,  F16J15/16 ,  H01J29/48 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/101 ,  H01J35/106 ,  H01J35/108 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J37/065 ,  H01J2235/0236 ,  H01J2235/083 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/1046 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H01J2235/20 ,  H01J2237/2482 ,  H02M1/32 ,  H02M7/106 ,  H05G1/12

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a high-voltage generator for an x-ray source, an x-ray gun, an electron beam apparatus, a rotary vacuum seal, a target assembly for an x-ray source, a rotary x-ray emission target, and an x-ray source. These various aspects may separately and/or together enable the construction of an x-ray source which can operate at energies of up to 500 kV and beyond, which is suitable for use in commercial and research x-ray applications such as computerised tomography. In particular, the high-voltage generator includes a shield electrode electrically connected intermediate of a first voltage multiplier and a second voltage multiplier. The electron beam apparatus includes control photodetectors and photo emitters having a transparent conductive shield arranged therebetween. The rotary vacuum seal includes a pumpable chamber at a position intermediate between high-pressure and low-pressure ends of a bore for a rotating shaft. The rotary target assembly is configured such that when a torque between a bearing housing and a vacuum housing exceeds a predetermined torque, the bearing housing rotates relative to the vacuum housing. The rotary x-ray emission target has a plurality of target plates supported on a hub, the plates being arranged on the hub to provide an annular target region about an axis rotation of the hub. The x-ray gun is provided with a shield electrode maintained at a potential difference relative to the x-ray target different to the electron beam emission cathode.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了一种用于x射线源，x射线枪，电子束装置，旋转真空密封件，用于x射线源的靶组件，旋转x射线发射靶和 一个x射线源。 这些各个方面可以单独地和/或一起实现能够在高达500kV及以上的能量下运行的x射线源，其适用于商业和研究的X射线应用如计算机断层摄影。 特别地，高电压发生器包括电连接在第一电压倍增器和第二电压倍增器之间的屏蔽电极。 电子束装置包括控制光电检测器和光电发射器，其间布置有透明导电屏蔽。 旋转真空密封件包括位于中间位于用于旋转轴的孔的高压和低压端之间的位置的可泵送室。 旋转目标组件被构造成使得当轴承壳体和真空壳体之间的扭矩超过预定扭矩时，轴承壳体相对于真空壳体旋转。 旋转X射线发射目标具有支撑在轮毂上的多个目标板，所述板布置在轮毂上以围绕轮毂的轴线旋转提供环形目标区域。 X射线枪设置有相对于与电子束发射阴极不同的x射线靶保持在电位差的屏蔽电极。

公开(公告)号：WO2013030804A3

公开(公告)日：2013-07-11

申请号：PCT/IB2012054504

申请日：2012-08-31

Applicant: UNIV IND DE SANTANDER ,  DONDOKOVICH DUGAR-ZHABON VALERIY ,  OROZCO OSPINO EDUARDO ALBERTO

Inventor： DONDOKOVICH DUGAR-ZHABON VALERIY ,  OROZCO OSPINO EDUARDO ALBERTO

IPC: H05H13/00 ,  H05H7/18 ,  H05H9/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H7/04 ,  H05H13/005

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray source that uses a rectangular resonant cavity which is excited with a microwave mode TE10p.The invention can also be used as a cyclotron radiation source using the cylindrical cavity, but making structural changes thereto for this purpose. The system can be used to significantly increase the energy of the electronic beam by compensating the diamagnetic force via an axially symmetrical electrostatic field. The longitudinal electrostatic field is generated by ring-type electrodes placed inside the cavity, preferably in the planes of the nodes of the electric field TE11p. The electrodes must be made from a material that is transparent to the microwave field, e.g. graphite.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种使用用微波模式TE10p激励的矩形谐振腔的X射线源。本发明还可以用作使用该圆柱形腔的回旋加速器辐射源，但是为此目的对其进行结构改变。 该系统可以用来通过轴向对称的静电场补偿反磁力来显着增加电子束的能量。 纵向静电场由放置在空腔内的环形电极产生，优选地在电场TE11p的节点的平面中产生。 电极必须由对微波场透明的材料制成，例如， 石墨。

公开(公告)号：WO2010112048A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-07

申请号：PCT/EP2009/002464

申请日：2009-04-03

Applicant: EXCILLUM AB ,  HEMBERG, Oscar ,  TUOHIMAA, Tomi ,  OTENDAL, Mikael

Inventor： HEMBERG, Oscar ,  TUOHIMAA, Tomi ,  OTENDAL, Mikael

IPC: H01J35/08

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  G03F7/70033 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1279 ,  H05G2/003 ,  H05G2/008

Abstract: Closed-loop circulation for providing liquid metal to an interaction region at which an electron beam is to impact upon the liquid metal to produce X-rays is presented. In a method according to the invention, the pressure of the liquid metal is raised to at least 10 bar using a high-pressure pump (312). The pressurized liquid metal is then conducted to a nozzle (332) and ejected into a vacuum chamber (330) in the form of a spatially continuous jet. After passage through the vacuum chamber, the liquid metal is collected in a collection reservoir (334), and the pressure of the liquid metal is raised to an inlet pressure, e.g. using a primer pump (322), suitable for the inlet of the high-pressure pump. The invention also relates to a corresponding circulation system and an X-ray source provided with such circulation system.

Abstract translation: 提出了用于将液体金属提供到电子束将冲击液态金属以产生X射线的相互作用区域的闭环循环。 在根据本发明的方法中，使用高压泵（312）将液态金属的压力升高至至少10巴。 然后将加压液体金属传导到喷嘴（332）并以空间连续射流的形式喷射到真空室（330）中。 在通过真空室之后，将液态金属收集在收集容器（334）中，并且液态金属的压力升高到入口压力，例如压力。 使用底漆泵（322），适用于高压泵的入口。 本发明还涉及具有这种循环系统的相应的循环系统和X射线源。

公开(公告)号：WO2008144425A3

公开(公告)日：2010-01-21

申请号：PCT/US2008063754

申请日：2008-05-15

Applicant: PASSPORT SYSTEMS INC ,  BERTOZZI WILLIAM ,  DONOVAN MICHAEL ,  KLIMENKO ALEXEI ,  KORBLY STEPHEN E ,  PARK WILLIAM

Inventor： BERTOZZI WILLIAM ,  DONOVAN MICHAEL ,  KLIMENKO ALEXEI ,  KORBLY STEPHEN E ,  PARK WILLIAM

IPC: H01J23/00

CPC classification number: H05G2/00 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/08 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H05H6/00

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating bremsstrahlung with enhanced photon flux in a narrow cone at forward angles utilize a thin target of a high-Z material such as gold as radiator, supported on a tube of a low-Z material such as titanium, which tube contains a circulating fluid such as water which acts as a coolant and also may absorb the incident electron beam.

Abstract translation: 用于产生具有在前方角度的窄锥体中增强的光子通量的bre致辐射的方法和系统利用诸如金的高Z材料的薄靶作为散热器，其支撑在诸如钛的低Z材料的管上，该管包含 诸如水的循环流体，其作为冷却剂并且还可以吸收入射的电子束。

公开(公告)号：WO2003065772A2

公开(公告)日：2003-08-07

申请号：PCT/US2003/002590

申请日：2003-01-30

Applicant: THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY ,  CHARLES, Harry K, ,  BECK, Thomas J,

Inventor： CHARLES, Harry K, ,  BECK, Thomas J,

IPC: H05G

CPC classification number: H05G1/02 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/108 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J35/30 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/083 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H01J2235/186 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: An x-ray tube and method of operating include a vacuum chamber vessel and a source of an electron beam inside the vacuum chamber vessel. A target disposed inside the vacuum chamber vessel includes a substrate and one or more deposits attached to the substrate. Each different deposit includes an atomic element having a different atomic number. The x-ray tube also includes a means for directing the electron beam to a selectable deposit of multiple deposits. The substrate material can be selected with better vacuum sustaining strength, x-ray transparency, melting point, and thermal conductivity than a deposit. The substrate may be cooled by an integrated cooling system. The x-ray tube allows a selectable x-ray frequency to be produced with enhanced economy of power, reduced moving parts, and reduced size. For improved bone mass applications, one of the deposits has a k-fluorescence energy less than about 53 thousand electron volts.

Abstract translation: X射线管和操作方法包括在真空室容器内的真空室容器和电子束源。 设置在真空室容器内部的靶包括基底和附着到基底的一个或多个沉积物。 每个不同的沉积物包括具有不同原子序数的原子元素。 X射线管还包括用于将电子束引导到可选择沉积多个沉积物的装置。 可以选择具有比沉积物更好的真空维持强度，x射线透明度，熔点和导热性的基底材料。 衬底可以通过集成冷却系统来冷却。 X射线管允许以增强的功率经济性，减少的运动部件和减小的尺寸来产生可选择的x射线频率。 对于改进的骨量应用，沉积物中的一种具有小于约53000电子伏特的k-荧光能量。

公开(公告)号：WO02027752A1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-04

申请号：PCT/US2001/029952

申请日：2001-09-25

IPC: H01J35/10

CPC classification number: H01J35/105 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1229 ,  H01J2235/125

Abstract: The present claimed invention relates to a high emissive coating (300) applied to the surfaces (210) of certain components of an x-ray tube device (100). The coating (300) increases the ability of the surface (210) to radiate heat, thus improving cooling of the tube (100). More importantly, use of the emissive coating (300) allows heat to be radiated from component surfaces (210) before it contacts and damages heat sensitive components. A preferred embodiment discloses application of an emissive coating (300) to the surface (210) or a tube's rotor (200) so as to significantly reduce the amount of heat passing from the shaft into the heat-sensitive ball bearing assembly (212) connected to it. Preferred emissive coatings (300) include metal oxide compositions composed of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide. The coating (300) is applied to the tube component surface by plasma spray coating or similar techniques.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及应用于X射线管装置（100）的某些部件的表面（210）的高发射涂层（300）。 涂层（300）增加了表面（210）辐射热的能力，从而改善了管（100）的冷却。 更重要的是，使用发射涂层（300）允许热在其接触之前从部件表面（210）辐射并且损坏热敏部件。 优选的实施方案公开了将发射涂层（300）应用于表面（210）或管的转子（200），以便显着地减少从轴传递到所连接的热敏滚珠轴承组件（212）中的热量 给它 优选的发射涂层（300）包括由氧化钛和氧化铝组成的金属氧化物组合物。 通过等离子体喷涂或类似技术将涂层（300）施加到管部件表面。

公开(公告)号：WO01099478A1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-27

申请号：PCT/AU2001/000750

申请日：2001-06-22

IPC: G21K7/00 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H05G1/02 ,  H05H1/00 ,  H05H6/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/12 ,  G21K7/00 ,  G21K2207/005 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H01J2235/088 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H05H6/00

Abstract: X-ray generation apparatus including an elongated target body (12) and a mount (20) from which the body projects to a tip (14) remote from the mount. The target body includes a substance that, on being irradiated by a beam of electrons of suitable energy directed onto the target body from laterally of the elongate target body, generates a source of x-ray radiation from a volume of interaction (25) of the electron beam with the target body. The mount provides a heat sink for the target body.

Abstract translation: X射线产生装置包括细长目标体（12）和安装件（20），主体从该突出体向远离支架的尖端（14）伸出。 目标体包括物质，该物质在由细长靶物体的侧面引导到目标体上的合适能量的电子束照射时，产生来自该体积的相互作用（25）的X射线辐射源 电子束与目标体。 安装座为目标机体提供散热器。

公开(公告)号：WO1996034404A1

公开(公告)日：1996-10-31

申请号：PCT/IB1996000438

申请日：1996-04-16

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES, INC.

Inventor： VARIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. ,  JENSEN, David, K.

IPC: H01J35/10

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1262

Abstract: A stationary target anode (10) of an X-ray device is provided, having stepped high Z button (20). By minimizing the diameter (27) of the central, X-ray producing section of the button (20), and incorporating a thin lip (40) extending therefrom to a diameter approximately twice that of the central portion, internal and interface stresses are minimized. A flexible structure is also provided to support the button/substrate assembly and provide minimal resistance as the substrate radially expands during heating, thereby minimizing induced stress on the target and preventing fatigue and failure of the support target.

Abstract translation: 提供了具有阶梯式高Z按钮（20）的X射线装置的固定目标阳极（10）。 通过使按钮（20）的中心X射线产生部分的直径（27）最小化，并且将从其延伸的薄唇缘（40）结合到中心部分的直径的大约两倍，内部和界面应力被最小化 。 还提供柔性结构以支撑按钮/基底组件，并且在加热期间衬底径向膨胀时提供最小的阻力，从而最小化目标上的诱发应力并防止支撑目标的疲劳和故障。

公开(公告)号：WO1995019039A1

公开(公告)日：1995-07-13

申请号：PCT/US1995000059

申请日：1995-01-09

Applicant: VARIAN ASSOCIATES, INC.

Inventor： VARIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. ,  ANDERSON, Wetson, A. ,  ARNOLD, James, T. ,  LAVERING, Gordon, R. ,  DUFFIELD, Jack, J.

IPC: H01J35/10

CPC classification number: H01J35/106 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1279 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H05G1/04

Abstract: An X-ray tube rotating anode (14) is cooled with a liquid metal (40) functioning as a recirculated heat exchange fluid and/or a metal film in a gap (39) between the anode (14) and a stationary structure. The liquid metal (40) is confined to the gap (39) by (a) a labyrinth (44 or 46) having a coating that is not wetted by the liquid, (b) a magnetic structure (22), or (c) a wick (38). The liquid metal (40) recirculated through the anode (14) is cooled in a heat exchanger located either outside the tube or in the tube so it is surrounded by the anode (14). The heat exchanger in the tube includes a mass of metal in thermal contact with the recirculating liquid metal and including numerous passages (36) for a cooling fluid, e.g. water. A high thermal conductivity path (26, 48, 49) is provided between an anode region (16) bombarded by electrons and a central region of the tube where heat is extracted. In one embodiment the high thermal conductivity is achieved by stacked pyrolytic structures having crystalline axes arranged so there is high heat conductivity radially of the region and lower thermal heat conductivity normal to the high heat conductivity direction.

Abstract translation: X射线管旋转阳极（14）用位于阳极（14）和固定结构之间的间隙（39）中作为循环热交换流体和/或金属膜起作用的液体金属（40）进行冷却。 液体金属（40）通过（a）具有不被液体润湿的涂层的迷宫（44或46），（b）磁性结构（22）或（c）被限制在间隙（39） 一个灯芯（38）。 通过阳极（14）再循环的液态金属（40）在位于管外部或管内的热交换器中冷却，使其被阳极（14）包围。 管中的热交换器包括与再循环液体金属热接触的金属块，并且包括用于冷却流体的许多通道（36），例如， 水。 在由电子轰击的阳极区域（16）和提取热量的管的中心区域之间提供高热导率路径（26,48,49）。 在一个实施方案中，通过堆叠的热解结构实现了高热导率，其具有排列的晶轴，因此在该区域内径向具有高热传导性，并且较低的导热方向的热传导率较低。

公开(公告)号：WO2016136373A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-01

申请号：PCT/JP2016/052526

申请日：2016-01-28

Applicant: 東芝電子管デバイス株式会社

Inventor： 阿武　秀郎 ,  石原　智成

IPC: H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/16

CPC classification number: H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/105 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/18

Abstract: 　実施形態に係るＸ線管装置は、電子が衝撃することによってＸ線を発生するターゲット面を備える陽極ターゲット（３５）と、電子を射出する複数の電子発生源を備える陰極（３６）と、陰極と前記陽極ターゲットとを収容し、内部が真空気密に密閉される真空外囲器（３１）と、電源より電流を供給されることによって磁場を形成し、真空外囲器の外側に設置され、複数の電子発生源の各々から射出される電子の電子軌道の周囲を包囲する４極子で構成される４極子磁場発生部（６０）と、を備える。

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的一个实施例的X射线管装置包括：设置有电子碰撞以产生X射线的目标表面的正极靶（35）; 设置有多个发射电子的多个电子发生源的负极（36） 容纳负极和正极靶的真空封闭容器（31），并以内部是真空密封的方式密封; 并且通过从电源提供直流电而形成磁场的四极磁场产生单元（60）设置在真空封闭容器的外部，并且由围绕电子轨迹周边的四极杆构成 每个电子从多个电子发生源中的每一个发射。