Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for making isooctenes using dry 2-butanol derived from fermentation broth. The isooctenes so produced are useful for the production of fuel additives.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt einen festen, Poren aufweisender sauren Katalysator bereit, umfassend im wesentlichen Niobsäure (Nb 2 0 5 x H 2 0), bestehend aus einer Mehrzahl von unregelmäßig angeordneten Schichten aus Primärkristall-Agglomeraten, wobei die Primärkristall Agglomerate eine Größe von weniger als 0,5 µm aufweisen. Der erfindungsgemäße Katalysator eignet sich insbesondere für die Säure-katalysierte Umlagerung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und daher beispielsweise auch für die Hydroisomerisierung von (höheren) Paraffinen. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Katalysators sowie die Verwendung des Katalysators.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to unsupported metal (e.g., cesium) substituted heteropolyacid catalyst compositions useful for the production of butene dimers and/or oligomers from a mixed butenes feed, in which, under mild conditions, all isomers of mixed butenes produce highly branched C8 and C8+ olefins, useful as octane enhancers.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for making butenes using dry 1-butanol obtained from fermentation broth. The butenes so produced may be converted to isoalkanes, alkyl-substituted aromatics, isooctanes, isooctanols, and octyl ethers, which are useful in transportation fuels.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for making isooctenes using dry isobutanol derived from fermentation broth. The isooctenes so produced are useful for the production of fuel additives.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for making butenes using dry isobutanol derived from fermentation broth. The butenes so produced may be converted to isoalkanes, alkyl-substituted aromatics, isooctanes, isooctanols, and octyl ethers, which are useful in transportation fuels.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for making butenes using dry 2-butanol obtained from fermentation broth. The butenes so produced may be converted to isoalkanes, alkyl-substituted aromatics, isooctanes, isooctanols, and octyl ethers, which are useful in transportation fuels.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition comprising trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (also referred to as triflic acid) and a sufficient quantity of a substance (also referred to as a retarder) to decrease but not eliminate the catalytic activity of the acid is disclosed. Also disclosed, is a method and composition for condensing a hydroxyaryl with a diene by use of the catalyst composition. The method is capable of producing condensates having: a mole ratio of 1 mole of the diene to one mole of the hydroxyaryl; one mole of diene to two moles of the hydroxyaryl as well as higher molecular weight products such as resins by changes in temperature, time of reaction, type and quantity of retarder and other variables.
Abstract:
Metal oxide solid acids are used as catalysts for the polymerization of a feed stream containing at least one of pure monomer (e.g., styrene based monomers), C5 monomers, and C9 monomers to produce hydrocarbon resins. Freely-associated water may be removed from the solid acid catalyst prior to use. Resins with softening points (Ring and Ball) in the range of about 5 DEG C to 170 DEG C can be prepared. These catalysts offer advantages over the traditional Friedel-Crafts polymerization catalysts since the acid sites are an integral part of the solid. The solid acid catalysts are relatively nonhazardous, reusable catalysts which eliminate or at least reduce contamination of the resulting resin products with acid residues or by-products.