US07774856B2
A content transferring apparatus is disclosed which includes: a source ID list reception unit for receiving a source ID list from a content reproducing apparatus capable of reproducing contents furnished with source IDs included in the source ID list; a first extraction unit for extracting from either one or a plurality of transfer-destined contents a content furnished with a source ID included in the source ID list; and a content transmission unit for transmitting the content extracted by the first extraction unit to the content reproducing apparatus.
US07774851B2
Methods, systems, and computer program products for protecting information on a user interface based on a viewability of the information are disclosed. According to one method, a viewing position of a person other than a user with respect to information on a user interface is identified. An information viewability threshold is determined based on the information on the user interface. Further, an action associated with the user interface is performed based on the identified viewing position and the determined information viewability threshold.
US07774849B2
Methods, systems, and computer program products for detecting and mitigating a denial of service attack in a telecommunications signaling network are provided. According to one method, traffic rate information is monitored on at least two of a plurality of signaling links. If the traffic rate on one of the signaling links exceeds the rate on at least another of the signaling links by a predetermined threshold, a denial of service attack is indicated. In response to indicating a denial of service attack, a user may take mitigating action, such as updating a firewall function to block packets associated with the offending source.
US07774840B2
A virus screening method includes steps of routing a call between a calling party and a called party of a telephone network, receiving computer data from a first party of the calling party and the called party, and detecting a virus in the computer data. In response to detecting the virus, a step of inhibiting communication of at least a portion the computer data to a second party of the calling party and the called party is performed. A virus screening system is also disclosed.
US07774830B2
An access control policy engine associated with a resource determines whether to allow a request to access same. The engine receives the request with an security token, retrieves the token determines a type thereof, and maps access decision information in the token to a common format as at least one security claim setting forth adequate information to determine a right of the requestor. Thereafter, the engine retrieves a set of rules for accessing the resource, applies the rules to the security claims to determine whether to allow the request from the requestor, and if the request is to be allowed, provides the requestor access to the resource in accordance with the request and the rights of the requestor as determined based on the security claims.
US07774817B2
A variety of meta data based enhancements to media content viewing are described, including making meta data corresponding to media content available for user searching and using meta data to identify highlight portions of the media content so that only the highlight portions need to be stored. Additionally, comments made to media content can be shared with other viewers of the content, even when viewing the content at different times and even when viewing different versions of the content. Furthermore, a synchronization point can be established for the media content and used by the client systems as a common reference location. In addition, advertisements for media content can be rendered based on how much time has been spent rendering the media content, as well as the amount of a fee paid by the user of the client system.
US07774816B2
The present invention is directed to a conflict manager for a personal video recorder. An embodiment of the present invention includes a set-top box having an internal hard drive or other storage device where broadcasts are transferred to the storage device. The set-top box is connected to an output device such as a television, which displays a graphical user interface (GUI) and an interactive program guide (IPG). The IPG displays a list of broadcasts that are available by tuning to different channels. The GUI allows the user to navigate the IPG, for instance, by viewing different times and dates for broadcasts. The GUI also allows the user to activate a video recorder within the set-top box, by navigating the IPG and selecting broadcasts to later transfer to the storage device. The user may select multiple broadcasts to transfer, may repeatedly transfer the same program, or may repeatedly transfer the same program in a series. When a conflict arises the present invention is configured to automatically or manually resolve the conflict.
US07774811B2
The present embodiments provide methods, apparatuses, and systems for use in controlling the display of information relative to the playback of programming content and displaying programming guide data. Some embodiments provide a method for use in controlling the display of an electronic programming guide. The method receives programming guide data, determines whether the guide data is to be filtered, filters the guide data to replace at least a first title with a generic title, determines whether limits are to be applied to the guide data, applies the limits to the programming guide data by replacing at least a second title with the generic title, and displays a programming guide according to programming guide data as filtered and as limited. Some embodiments further display progress bars for one or more active applications. Trick commands can be implemented by applications by selecting one or more of the displayed progress bars.
US07774801B1
A system and method for communicating with a processing element in a CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) system does not use an ORB (object request broker) in the processing element. A CORBA location is assigned to the processing element with a host loader and stored in a memory in the processing element. Addresses of CORBA objects are acquired with the host loader and loaded in the memory. The processing element communicates with the CORBA objects using CORBA object addresses. The CORBA objects communicate with the processing element using the assigned CORBA location of the processing element. Data is loaded into the processing element with the host loader.
US07774799B1
A method and system link page content with a media file and display these links during playback of the media file. In other words, the present invention can link notes stored in an electronic document with media such as audio stored in an audio file. As media is played back from the media file, the present invention can display visual indicators adjacent to or over page content so that a user can see how page content relates to the media file. According to one exemplary aspect of the present invention, page content can be highlighted when the page content has a relationship with the media that is being played. That is, page content can be highlighted at different times as the recorded live information from a media file such as audio from an audio file is being played back.
US07774798B2
Systems and methods are disclosed for providing an interaction between a status management service and an audit trail service. In one embodiment, a computer-implement method provides the interaction by enabling an audit of a business object when the business object reaches a designated status. At an application server, a change associated with the business object is received. In response to the change, it is determined whether the business object is a status business object and an auditable business object. If so, a status function set is implemented to interface with the application server to determine whether the change to the business object is allowed. The method also determines whether the business object has reached the designated status. When the business object has reached the designated status, auditing data is requested for the business object.
US07774792B2
A system for providing automatic event publication relative to data owned by a service is disclosed. A service which owns data publishes internal events when data is created, updated, or deleted. These internal events are only visible by consumers on the same physical computer and running within the same process or executable. Consumers who are located remotely or in a separate process cannot subscribe to these events. Embodiments provide the ability to expose local entity create, update, and delete events as “public” events (or out-only messages) on a service contract. This allows external consumers who may be remote and even on a different platform, to subscribe and receive notifications of when data changes in the owning service.
US07774787B2
Various new and non-obvious systems and methods for ensuring within a multi-threaded environment that object fields hold legal values are disclosed. One of the disclosed embodiments is a method for a thread locking the top object of an object hierarchy. The thread then gains ownership of the locked object and any children of the locked object, by successively unpacking child objects, allowing the thread to write to any unpacked object field. By owning the top hierarchical object, the thread also achieves transitive ownership to any descendants of the object, allowing the thread to read any object fields which it transitively owns. When a thread locks an object within this exemplary embodiment all other threads are denied access to the locked object and to any descendants of the locked object.
US07774774B1
Methods and apparatuses for automatic system setup. At least one embodiment of the present invention stores the setup configuration information (e.g., in files and/or in directory servers). The setup configuration information is stored (e.g., using a configuration file naming scheme) so that the configuration information for a particular machine can be found. A setup daemon on the machine searches for suitable configuration information in a number of places, such as: in a location in a local file system, in locations in mounted file volumes, and directory servers. The configuration information may be encrypted, and the setup daemon searches for the decryption key in a similar fashion.
US07774773B2
Provided are an active node, and a system and method of transmitting contents using the active node. When contents to be transmitted from a contents server to a terminal are received, resource information of the terminal is identified, the contents transmitted from the contents server are transformed into a pertinent format to the terminal based on the resource information, information included in a header of the contents is transformed into information about the transformed contents and is transmitted to the terminal, thereby reducing load according to contents transformation of a contents server.
US07774761B2
A method of analyzing runtime memory access errors in a computer program can include instrumenting the computer program with runtime analysis code and detecting a runtime memory access error of the instrumented computer program. The method further can include, responsive to detecting the runtime memory access error, dynamically setting a watch point.
US07774752B2
Runtime services for network software platforms are described. In one implementation, runtime services are configured for a web application. A configuration file is created containing tags that provide references to configuration information specific to operational behavior of the web application. The configuration file is read upon receiving a request to start the web application. The runtime services for the web application are initialized based on the configuration information read from the configuration file.
US07774734B2
An algorithm referred to as REAL for the point-to-point shortest path problem combines A* search with landmark-based lower bounds and reach-based pruning. A symbiosis of these techniques is described, which gives a range of time and space tradeoffs, including those that improve both of these complexity measures. Locality is improved and exact reach computation is described.
US07774732B2
A method of designing a layout of an integrated circuit for increased radiation tolerance by ensuring that any critical components (those deemed particularly sensitive to radiation-induced soft errors) are at spacings greater than a predetermined threshold based on particle migration within the silicon substrate. The method starts with an initial placement, identifies the objects for which radiation tolerance is desired, determines whether any of those objects and, if so, moves the relevant objects to increase the spacing. An exemplary threshold for contemporary CMOS device technologies is 5 μm. The objects can be moved by vertically and/or horizontally shifting away from a reference point of the integrated circuit. The critical objects may include triplicated (redundant) structures, clock control latches, or a reset bit. The method can be used in conjunction with other placement optimizations such as area, power and timing.
US07774731B2
A sequential cell is characterized using interdependent setup/hold time pairs to produce associated clock-to-Q delay values, and then identifying setup/hold time pairs that produce a selected clock-to-Q delay value (e.g., 10% of failure). The identified setup/hold time pairs (or a piecewise linear (PWL) approximation thereof) are then stored in a cell library for use in static timing analysis (STA). During STA, the setup and hold skews calculated for each synchronous circuit are compared with a selected setup/hold time pair stored in the cell library (e.g., a pair having a relatively low hold value). If at least one of the setup and hold skews violates the selected setup/hold time pair, then the remaining identified setup/hold time pairs (or the PWL approximation) are utilized to determine if the synchronous circuit is violates established constraints, and if not, to identify the setup and hold times required to remove the violation.
US07774727B2
The layout making equipment of a semiconductor integrated circuit is provided with a logic circuit schematic design section that design a logic circuit diagram, based on a specification data on a circuit, a layout data creation section that creates a layout data, based on the logic circuit diagram, a logic connection verification section that verifies whether or not a data on potentials inputted in nodes of the devices and nodes of connections between the devices extracted from the layout data match a data on the logic circuit diagram, thereby to create the results, a layout data verification section that verifies whether or not the layout data violates a design rule extracted from the specification data on the circuit, based on the data on the potentials inputted in the nodes of the devices and the nodes of the connections between the devices extracted in the logic connection verification section, thereby to create the verification results, and a data output section that outputs the created layout data.
US07774725B1
A method of simulating operation of a VLSI interconnect structure having capacitive and inductive coupling between nodes thereof. A matrix X and a matrix Y containing different combinations of passive circuit element values for the interconnect structure are obtained where the element values for each matrix include inductance L and inverse capacitance P. An adjacency matrix A associated with the interconnect structure is obtained. Numerical integration is used to solve first and second equations, each including as a factor the product of the inverse matrix X1 and at least one other matrix, with first equation including X1Y, X1A, and X1P, and the second equation including X1A and X1P.
US07774724B2
In a method of data processing, a database defines a Dial entity and at least one instance of the Dial entity. Each instance of the Dial entity has an input having a plurality of different possible input values and one or more outputs, and each of the plurality of different possible input values has a different associated output value set for the one or more outputs. Each instance of the Dial entity determines a value of at least one of a plurality of configuration latches in a digital system separate from the database. The database also associates with the Dial entity at least one set of biasing weights that, when applied, determines a probability of each instance of the Dial entity having particular ones of the plurality of different possible input values. In response to a call to set the plurality of configuration latches, the database is accessed to apply the at least one set of biasing weights to select one of the plurality of different possible input values for the at least one instance of the Dial entity. The plurality of configuration latches in the digital system are set based upon the output value set for the one or more outputs of the at least one instance of the Dial entity.
US07774723B2
A system and method for facilitating the design process of an integrated circuits (IC) is described. The system and method utilizes a plurality of repositories, rules engines and design and verification tools to analyze the workload and automatically produce a hardened GDSII description or other representation of the IC. Synthesizable RTL is securely maintained on a server in a data center while providing designers graphical access to customizable IP block by way of a network portal.
US07774718B2
A media management application implemented in a digital device that incorporates a media handle. The media handle is moveable within a display to provide the user of the application with viewable access to media file representations or calendar events. The media handle may be displayed in conjunction with a media view, a calendar view and/or a time bar, such that the media handle provides access to desired portions of the media view, the calendar view or the time bar. The media handle of the present invention provides the device user with a highly efficient means of locating time periods and the media files associated with the time periods. In addition, the media handle provides ergonomic benefit to the user, in that, user inputs to the device are limited and the user inputs that are required are user-friendly.
US07774712B2
A method and system for displaying an enlarged image on a display. The display is configured to be connected to a device that generates a user interface in which a user may control a position of a cursor. The method can include providing a first image, providing an enlarged version of the first image, and displaying the first image at a first location on the display. The method can also include determining a position of a cursor and, if the position of the cursor overlaps with the location of the first image, determining a portion of the enlarged version of the first image, where the portion of the enlarged version of the first image is determined based on the position of the cursor. The method can further include displaying the portion of the enlarged version of the first image at a second location on the display.
US07774707B2
There is a provided a method and apparatus for enabling a user to amend an audio file, via a user interface for controlling a driver for re-authoring the audio file. The method comprises the following steps: a) associating an icon on said user interface with one or more instruments or sets of instruments in said audio file; b) providing a selection of possible trajectories for each said icon, each trajectory defining the virtual path, relative to said user, of the associated instrument or set of instruments; c) providing a display on said user interface for showing the position of each said icon, each position defining the virtual position, relative to said user, of the associated instrument or set of instruments; d) the user selecting an icon; e) the user assigning a position and/or a trajectory from the selection, to the selected icon; and g) indicating, on said display, the position of the selected icon and whether a trajectory has been assigned to the selected icon. The invention relates in particular to a method for enabling a user to amend a MIDI file, via a user interface for controlling a driver for applying three-dimensional audio data to the MIDI file.
US07774704B2
An image processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a playback unit for playing back image data and a plurality of pieces of playlist data from a recording medium, each of the plurality of pieces of playlist data representing a playback procedure of the image data; and a playlist processing unit for generating new playlist data in accordance with the plurality of pieces of playlist data recorded on the recording medium.
US07774700B2
A method and apparatus is provided for partial evaluation of XML queries for program analysis. An executable version of a first body of instructions that conforms to an XML computer language, such as XSLT, is generated. The executable version may include trace instructions for collecting information about executing the executable version against representative data, such as an XML schema document. This execution causes the generation of an execution graph, which may be optimized by the collected information. Based on the execution graph, a second body of instructions is generated that conforms to a different computer language, such as XQuery. Subsequently, the second body of instructions may be applied against XML documents that conform to the same schema as the representative data. By generating the second body of instructions before source XML documents are received, several optimizations may be made that greatly decrease the time for querying and/or transforming XML documents.
US07774692B2
The present invention dynamically generate documents or display control information so as to provide client terminals of various capability with user interface in compliance with each terminal's capability. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a method for generating display control information (HTML document, for instance) so as to display in a form adapted to a terminal used by a user, comprises the steps of: receiving a display request from the terminal; in response to the display request, generating a group of data objects concerning the contents of the display, wherein the data objects is independent of the terminal; by using the group of data objects and information about attributes of the terminal, generating a group of view objects for generating the display control information; and by referring to the information about the attributes of the terminal, generating the display control information by the group of view objects.
US07774687B2
The present invention discloses a method for LDPC code erasure decoding, including: generating a first code word through setting a value as a value in Galois field having two elements GF(2) at each of erasure locations in a code word; generating a second code word through setting the value as an inverse value of the value in GF(2) at each of the erasure locations in the code word; conducting a MLD error correcting operation for the first code word and the second code word to get a first result of hard decoding and a second result of hard decoding respectively; determining a result of erasure decoding according to the first result of hard decoding and the second result of hard decoding. Thus the present invention allows LDPC code erasure decoding aimed at the BEC, and increases the error correcting capability for BED signal transmitted data.
US07774682B2
In at least some embodiments, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) is configured to using a counter in conjunction with a threshold value to determine whether a configuration data frame is to be reloaded into a frame register if errors are encountered. In at least other embodiments, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) is configured to sequentially load configuration data frames into a frame register, check for errors in the configuration data frames during sequentially loading, and correct errors during sequentially loading without reloading one or more previously-loaded different configuration data frames.
US07774670B2
A method includes retrieving a group test parameter determined based on test results associated with a plurality of integrated circuit devices. A particular integrated circuit device is tested using a test program and the group test parameter.
US07774663B2
A low overhead dynamically reconfigurable shared scan-in test architecture is provided. This test architecture advantageously allows for changing scan inputs during the scan operation on a per shift basis. The flexibility of reconfiguring the scan input to scan chain mapping every shift cycle can advantageously reduce both test data volume and test application time.
US07774661B2
Integrated circuits have expanded a set of custom registers and a read mechanism for control registers. One embodiment includes a circuit having a first set of registers; a second set of registers to be written via one or more write operations addressed to one or more registers of the first set; and a read controller coupled with the first and second sets of registers, the read controller to selectively output a portion of data stored in the first and second sets of registers based on data stored in one or more registers of the second set. In one embodiment, the circuit further includes a logic block; and a multiplexer to select from an output of the logic block and an output of the read controller as an output of the circuit based on the data stored in the one or more registers of the second set.
US07774659B2
The present invention relates to computers executing in time-share mode, under the control of their operating systems, a number of separate and independent application programs. The present invention relates in particular to the networks of onboard computer networks of IMA type executing application programs written independently of the hardware specifications of the computers and not permanently resident in the computers. The method of the present invention associates with the digital core of each computer of the network a monitoring state machine operating independently and in having the monitoring state machine monitor the correct observance by the associated computer of the time sequencing of the tasks and memory partition allocations. Furthermore, the monitoring state machines can be configured to execute monitoring service applications of time-out or watchdog type to which the application programs executed by the computers of the network can subscribe.
US07774656B2
Provided are a method, system, and program for handling a fabric failure. A module intercepts a signal indicating a failure of a path in a fabric providing a connection to a shared device. The module generates an interrupt to a device driver in an operating system providing an interface to the shared device that is inaccessible due to the path failure. The device driver requests information from the module on a status of a plurality of devices that are not accessible due to the path failure and receives information indicating the inaccessible device. The device driver reconfigures to discontinue use of the inaccessible device.
US07774643B2
Methods and systems for preventing permanent data loss due to a single failure in an array of storage devices are described. In particular, a defective memory block is detected and data that was on the now defective memory block is reconstructed using backup data in the array. The reconstructed data is stored in a replacement memory block, without requiring the rewriting of data in non-defective memory blocks. The information mapping the defective memory block to the replacement memory block may be stored as metadata on a storage device.
US07774636B2
A method of kernel panic recovery, comprising detecting a kernel panic of a first kernel, retrieving at least some of a state of at least one thread running on the first kernel, and restoring the state of the at least one process on a second kernel.
US07774626B2
A processor starting a duty cycle timer with a specified duty cycle period and a specified power state, and if the duty cycle timer expires, placing the processor in the specified power state in response to the expiry of the timer, if the timer has not expired and if an interrupt other than a timer tick interrupt is received, canceling the duty cycle timer in response to the interrupt other than a timer tick interrupt.
US07774620B1
Systems and methods that enable execution of applications at appropriate trust levels are described. These systems and methods can determine appropriate trust levels by comparing applications' permitted trust levels with their requested trust levels. These systems and methods can determine applications' permitted trust levels by comparing applications' execution locations with their published locations. Applications can also be executed at a restricted trust level at which potentially dangerous operations are prohibited.
US07774618B2
When data is encrypted and stored for a long time, encryption key(s) and/or algorithm(s) should be updated so as not to be compromised due to malicious attack. To that end, stored encrypted data is converted in the storage system with new set of cryptographic criteria. During this process, read and write requests can be serviced.
US07774615B2
A method for recording at least one block of variable data in a first volatile memory external to a microprocessor, including calculating and storing a digital signature taking into account at least partially the address and the content of said data block in the memory, and at least a first random digital value internal to the microprocessor.
US07774601B2
A system and method for providing a containment model of role capabilities wherein a parent role can obtain the capabilities of its child role(s).
US07774594B2
A method for providing strong security in an insecure network, involving creating a payload associated with a data packet for transmission by a sending node, determining whether the payload is associated with a unicast data packet, if the payload is associated with the unicast data packet encrypting the payload using a private key associated with the sending node to obtain a unicast encrypted payload, encrypting the unicast encrypted payload using a public key associated with a receiving node to obtain a double-encrypted payload, and transmitting the data packet including the double-encrypted payload to the receiving node over the insecure network.
US07774586B2
A method and system for express execution of multimedia playing is provided. A computer system is installed with a first operating system and a second operating system in a data storage therein. The method includes the following steps: the computer system finishing basic booting process; the computer system loading and executing a driver to activate a touch-control display device; the touch-control display device displaying icons representing detected audiovisual players; detecting the icon selection by the user; based on the selection, loading and executing the corresponding operating system; and executing the application program corresponding to the selected audiovisual player.
US07774582B2
A data processing system including multiple execution pipelines each having multiple execution stages E1, E2, E3 may have instructions issued together in parallel despite a data dependency therebetween if it is detected that the result operand value for the older instruction will be generated in an execution stage prior to an execution stage which requires that result operand value as an input operand value to the younger instruction and accordingly cross-forwarding of the operand value is possible between the execution pipelines to resolve the data dependency.
US07774565B2
Methods and systems for accessing data from a previous point in time, including receiving data stored in a storage system of addressable memory, the storage system including a plurality of addresses, receiving a journal history of write transactions for the storage, each write transaction including (i) a plurality of designated memory addresses, (ii) a corresponding plurality of current data to write in the designated memory addresses for storage, and (iii) a time indicator, generating a data structure that represents a virtual interface to the storage at a specified point in time, based on the write transactions in the journal history having a time subsequent to the specified point in time, and enabling a user to process the data from the specified point in time, via the virtual interface and the journal history.
US07774563B2
A computer-implemented method, data processing system, and computer usable program code are provided for reducing memory access latency. A memory controller receives a memory access request and determines if an address associated with the memory access request falls within an address range of a plurality of paired memory address range registers. The memory controller determines if an enable bit associated with the address range is set to 1 in response to the address falling within one of the address ranges. The memory controller flags the memory access request as a high-priority request in response to the enable bit being set to 1 and places the high-priority request on a request queue.A dispatcher receives an indication that a memory bank is idle. The dispatcher determines if high-priority requests are present in the request queue and, if so, sends the earliest high-priority request to the idle memory bank.
US07774562B2
A method of operating a central cache controller (“CCC”) in a first cell of a multiprocessor system comprising multiple cells each including globally shared memory (“GSM”), wherein the first cell is disposed in a first partition and the CCC is connected to a plurality of CPUs of the first cell. In one embodiment, the method comprises, responsive to a new transaction request from one of the CPUs, logging the transaction in a transaction table; determining whether an identity marker in a timeout map corresponding to a cell to which the transaction was issued is set; and, responsive to the corresponding identity marker in the timeout map being set, immediately returning a special error to the one of the CPUs that requested the transaction.
US07774551B2
A method for maintaining cache coherence comprises coordinating operations among a plurality of processors distributed among a plurality of nodes coupled by an interconnect fabric and managing cache coherence in a plurality of memory directories respectively associated with the processor plurality in combination with a node controller directory cache associated with a node controller coupled between the processor plurality and the interconnect fabric. The method further comprises maintaining memory coherence directory information comprising identifying processors within a node in a first portion of bits of a memory directory entry coupled to an associated processor in the node and identifying subsets of processors external to the node in the system in a second portion of bits.
US07774549B2
A processor includes multiple processor core units, each including a processor core and a cache memory. Victim lines evicted from a first processor core unit's cache may be stored in another processor core unit's cache, rather than written back to system memory. If the victim line is later requested by the first processor core unit, the victim line is retrieved from the other processor core unit's cache. The processor has low latency data transfers between processor core units. The processor transfers victim lines directly between processor core units' caches or utilizes a victim cache to temporarily store victim lines while searching for their destinations. The processor evaluates cache priority rules to determine whether victim lines are discarded, written back to system memory, or stored in other processor core units' caches. Cache priority rules can be based on cache coherency data, load balancing schemes, and architectural characteristics of the processor.
US07774548B2
Disclosed are apparatus and methods for facilitating caching in a storage area network (SAN). In general, data transfer traffic between one or more hosts and one or more memory portions in one or more storage device(s) is redirected to one or more cache modules. One or more network devices (e.g., switches) of the SAN can be configured to redirect data transfer for a particular memory portion of one or more storage device(s) to a particular cache module. As needed, data transfer traffic for any number of memory portions and storage devices can be identified for or removed from being redirected to a particular cache module. Also, any number of cache modules can be utilized for receiving redirected traffic so that such redirected traffic is divided among such cache modules in any suitable proportion for enhanced flexibility.
US07774546B1
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates in-cache reference counting in a cache memory. During operation, the system receives a command to update an old cache line with a new cache line. The system then determines if the new cache line is different than the old cache line. If so, the system determines if the old cache line contains any in-cache references. If so, for each such in-cache reference, the system decrements a reference counter in a cache line containing an object which is referenced by the in-cache reference. The system also determines if the new cache line contains any in-cache references. If so, for each such in-cache reference, the system increments a reference counter in a cache line containing an object which is referenced by the in-cache reference. Note that the reference counter in a cache line indicates a count of references in the cache that refer to an object contained in the cache line.
US07774540B2
A storage system that stores verify commands for all the write commands requiring verification in a verify-list that will be processed as a background task is described. The verify-list can include coded data fields that flexibly designate selected alternative states or possibilities for how and where the user data is actually stored. Alternatives for the verify-list include storing the actual raw data, no data, the data in compressed form, a CRC type signature of the data and/or a pointer to a backup copy of the data that is stored either in non-volatile memory such as flash memory or on the disk media in a temporary area. In case of a verification error in various alternative embodiments the user data can be recovered using the backup copy in the verify-list in the write cache, the backup copy in flash memory or on the disk, or from the host.
US07774532B2
A processing device includes a processor which executes first and second pieces of control software in a memory to perform processing, and a device 1 having a plurality of SLOTs 1 to 8 to electrically connect the processor to a plurality of device. The device 1 switches a SLOT which connects devices 2 and 3 between a SLOT 1 or 2 and a spare SLOT 8 allocated in advance through a switch. The processor executes the first and second pieces of control software to manage SLOT information including pieces of path information obtained through the SLOTs 1, 2, and 8 between the devices 1 and 2 such that the SLOT information can be registered and updated. When a failure occurs in the SLOT 1 or 2, the processor updates the path information obtained through the SLOT 1 into the path information obtained through the spare SLOT, and the SLOT which connects the devices 2 and 3 is switched from the SLOT 1 or 2 to the spare SLOT 8.
US07774519B2
A bi-directional and full duplex facility for permitting both the IO processor and the Channel to write CCA messages on their respective queues at the same time. IOP messages to the channel are stored on the TO_CHN queue and Channel messages to the IOP on the TO_IOP queue. CCA Queues replace hardware CCAs due to increasing transmission capabilities of current IO processors and Channel processors. Even though the mechanism is similar, the present invention provides some benefits in the use of signaling. The IOP does not have to signal the Channel each time it puts something on its outbound queue. Each queue contains multiple slots. This allows the IOP and Channel to write multiple messages on the targeted queue without encountering a CCA busy signal. The actual queues are now structured in hardware system memory.
US07774514B2
A method of transmitting data between storage virtualization controllers (SVCs) in a computer system is disclosed, in which there is an inter-controller communication channel (ICC) between the storage virtualization controllers. The method comprises the steps of: a central processing unit (CPU) of one storage virtualization controller (SVC) sending a data transfer request to an interface that establishes the ICC when the CPU needs to transmit information to the other SVC; and transmitting the information to the other SVC after the interface that establishes the ICC receives the data transfer request, and obtains the information.
US07774495B2
Embodiments of a system and method for providing peer-to-peer (p2p) capabilities to devices with limited resources (e.g. wireless devices). A mechanism is described that allows the devices to participate as peer nodes in p2p network environments through wired or wireless connections. In one embodiment, the p2p network environment may be implemented according to a p2p platform, and the mechanism may be interoperable with p2p platform devices in the p2p network environment. A relay/proxy node on the network may serve as an interface to the p2p environment for devices using the mechanism to participate as peers in the p2p network. The relay/proxy node may be accessed using the mechanism to perform one or more p2p network environment functions on behalf of the devices.
US07774492B2
A method for maximizing server throughput while avoiding overload of a server is presented. The method involves intercepting, via an interface unit, a client request for information from the server. Next, the interface unit determines the current server performance, where the server performance is based on the number of connections opened to the server, the response time of the server and the rate at which the response time is changing. Finally, the interface unit forwards the client request to the server if the current server performance is close to an optimal performance, whereby avoiding overload of the server.
US07774490B2
Technologies, systems, and methods for ordered message delivery that avoid message races or crisscrosses between communicating nodes. For example, if Node A sends message 3 towards Node B and, shortly thereafter, Node B sends message X to Node A, Node A would like to know whether or not message X reflects Node B's state after receiving message 3. If Node B received message 3 prior to sending message X, then proper state may be maintained between the nodes. But if messages 3 and X crisscrossed, or if message 3 was never properly received by Node B, then the state between the nodes may be corrupt. Technologies, systems, and methods are provided to avoid such corruption.
US07774480B1
A network device and a method are provided. The network device may include a plurality of elements and a routing infrastructure. The routing infrastructure may be configured to route network traffic received at the network device, and transfer, among two or more of the elements, packets that include management information related to the routing of the network traffic.
US07774462B2
An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for establishing an agency relationship to perform delegated computing tasks. The apparatus system and method provide for initiation of the agency relationship, establishment of credentials to perform a delegated computing task, and performance of the delegated computing task. Benefits of establishing an agency relationship in a computing environment include improved security, efficiency, and reliability in performing delegated computing tasks.
US07774455B1
Improved approaches for providing secure access to resources maintained on private networks are disclosed. The secure access can be provided through a public network using a standard network browser. Multiple remote users are able to gain restricted and controlled access to at least portions of a private network through a common access point. The solution provided by the invention is not only easily set up and managed, but also able to support many remote users in a cost-effective manner.
US07774454B2
A digital complex machine in accordance with the present invention is set so as to notify a manager of device information thereof by E-mail. It is also particularly set so as to convert device information into attached data and to transmit a device information mail containing the attached data to a server of the manager. In other words, since transmitting device information in the attached data format that is less possibly perceived by the third party, the digital complex machine is capable of suppressing leakage of device information.
US07774453B2
The present invention is a system and method for handling location information. The goal of the present invention is to allow users to collect and evaluate information from multiple sources, and thus make proper use of all available location information. Location sources for the present invention include mobile electronic devices such as mobile telephones, cell phones, hand-held computers, personal digital assistants, pagers, Global Positioning System (GPS) devices, and other pervasive computing devices. Satellite-based or network-based positioning technologies make it possible to determine the geographic location of these wireless electronic devices and their users (e.g. location-based services for users of mobile telephones use such positioning technologies). Location sources for the present invention also include computer-based models, schedules or calendars that give a person's expected location depending on the date and time. One aspect of the present invention is a method for handling location information. Another aspect of the present invention is a system for executing the method of the present invention. A third aspect of the present invention is as a set of instructions on a computer-usable medium, or resident in a computer system, for executing the method of the present invention.
US07774442B2
Described is a technology in a distributed configuration network management environment, in which action-style documents are used as guides in processing structured documents to perform management tasks. For example, the action-style documents may be used by a standard stylesheet processor to validate a constitutional document, and process input lines of that constitutional document into output lines of a document. When executed, the output lines perform a management task. In this manner, for example, policy statements of an administrator are transformed into a single type of self-contained document that is consistently interpreted, and thus consistently executed, regardless of its source or when it was authored.
US07774441B2
A network tool is provided for use when replacing devices in an automatically controlled distributed processing system. The network tool reestablishes all or a portion of the logical connections formerly provided to the node where the replacement device is or will be located. The tool compares data associated with the logical connections of the node and data associated with the logical connections for the replacement device to determine proper logical connection. In one embodiment, the compared data comprises network variables and configuration properties.
US07774435B2
System and method for batch-tuning multiple software components of an intelligent device. An intelligent device may include tunable components each associated with a tunable configuration file. A batch tuner may be used to generate batch configuration documents from the configuration files. The batch tuner may also be used to generate configuration files from a batch configuration document. In one embodiment, the batch configuration document and the configuration files are markup language documents. In one embodiment, an XML document type definition (DTD) may be used as the method of information exchange. In one embodiment, the batch tuner may use an API (e.g. DOM or SAX API) to access the batch configuration document and configuration files. In one embodiment, each component may be associated with an executable module conforming to the API, and the batch tuner may call the module for the component to generate the configuration file.
US07774431B2
Methods and systems for creating, editing and monitoring real-time collaborative on-line multimedia albums at a host site. The invention facilitates the construction of the multimedia albums which comprise digital content, such as photos and video clips, provided by multiple digital content contributors, taken from each contributor's unique perspective. The invention uniquely creates these multimedia albums to be optimized for dynamic updating, real-time interaction, and rapid dissemination to a viewing audience, for public and/or private viewing, either one photo/video clip at a time or as a slide-show.
US07774426B2
An object of the present invention is to allow a client to make a request for music data stored in a server and to receive it and play it back. A client program 421 controls the sending of a request signal to a server 401, the reception and playback processing of music data from the server 401, and the display of a GUI performed by a display controller 426, and outputs the music data received by a communication unit 423 from the server 401 to an audio data converter 424. A server program 411 controls the sending of music data to the client 402, and registration of information in a music database 415, a link information database 416, and a ranking information database 417, searches the music database 415 for the requested music data, and sends the music data to the client 402. The present invention can be applied to a personal computer, a PDA, a cellular telephone, a desk-top playback device, a portable playback device, and a simplified playback device.
US07774422B2
A method for providing electronic mail return receipts with video of the electronic mail recipient is disclosed. The electronic mail recipient opens an electronic mail message which initiates recording of the electronic mail recipient. The recording may be terminated when the recipient closes the electronic mail or minimizes the electronic mail message window. Recording may also end after a predetermined amount of time after the electronic mail message is opened.
US07774420B2
A method, system, and program for managing on-demand email storage are provided. An email service provider allocates a predetermined amount of storage space to an intended recipient. When an email is received for the intended recipient at the email service provider, the email service provider determines whether the predetermined storage space has sufficient capacity for storage of the email. If the predetermined storage space is insufficient for storage of the email, then the email service provider allocates on-demand storage space to the intended recipient. The email service provider then stores the email in the on-demand storage space, such that the email is stored, rather than discarded, when the predetermined storage space reaches full capacity. Before allocating on-demand storage space, the email service provider may compare the email characteristics with predefined criteria set by the intended recipient for emails to be stored in on-demand storage space.
US07774414B2
A notification message is sent back to the originator or an e-mail message whenever the e-mail message is subsequently forwarded on to a second addressee. New data fields in an RFC compliant message header are read by the e-mail programs handling the message, the fields identify the message originator as one that should have its subsequent retransmission notified to the originator.
US07774411B2
An electronic message transport protocol applies two distinct sub-protocols, a message transport protocol and an encryption key management protocol, which operate in tandem to provide enhanced security. The protocol may employ an existing SMTP infrastructure to transport secure email messages, and a key server implementing the key management protocol to transport key packets associated with the secure email message. However, the protocol need not be limited to email, and may be applicable to other electronic message applications. The message transport protocol permits communicating parties to obscure their identities to enhance security. The key management protocol supports message security, and allows senders to control access to messages even after they have been transmitted. The message transport protocol permits the sender to encrypt the entire message and utilizes the key management protocol for exchange of necessary keys. The message transport protocol relies on a group addressing scheme to obscure individual sender and recipient identities.
US07774405B2
A type server on a first machine assigns a sequential small integer identifier of fixed length to lengthy information. Identifying information using a small integer identifier provides efficiencies in communication between processes on a single machine as well as efficiencies in communication between processes on different machines. Storage of this information is also more efficient. The information so identified may be, for example, interface type. The small integer identifier assigned to the interface types may be assigned in a set enumeration scheme, that is the first interface type encountered when generating a list or table of interfaces types may be assigned the integer identifier “1”, the second “2” and so on. Similarly, the small integer identifiers may be assigned whenever a new interface type is encountered during execution. A translation table including interface type name and interface type identifier for may be generated.
US07774403B2
A system and method for concentration and load-balancing of requests in a distributed computing environment. In accordance with an embodiment, a system and a method for reducing the number of connections in an Internet environment using one or a plurality of connection handlers which handle the connection from the client to the server, and a listener which determines which connection handler to use to handle the connection. Whereas prior solutions required a (n×m) number of connections to handle requests, the invention allows there to be only m connections which significantly reduces resource requirements and allows scalability.
US07774401B2
A network data processing system is provided suitable for achieving reduction of network traffic volume and shortening of the time elapsed before first print out. A client unit generates printing data formed by segmenting data with respect to each component that constitutes printing contents, transmits a printing request including header information to a printer, searches for partial data from inside a storage part in response to an acquisition request, and transmits the retrieved partial data to the printer. When the printing request is received, the printer analyzes the received printing request, determines whether or not the partial data required for forming the printing data is stored in a storage part, acquires insufficient partial data from the client unit having a small hop count, stores the acquired partial data in the storage part, and forms the printing data based on the partial data of the storage part.
US07774397B2
An FFT/IFFT processor having computation logic capable of processing butterfly operations, and storage for storing the operands of butterfly operations, including a mechanism for storing the operands of multiple consecutive butterfly operations in contiguous storage locations and wherein the computation logic is capable of simultaneously accessing and processing said multiple butterfly operations.
US07774391B1
An architecture and system are described that provide a unified file access service within in a managed computing environment composed of diverse networks, computing devices, and storage devices. The service provides mechanisms for remotely accessing the file systems of any managed computer or disk snapshot, independently of the computer's current state (powered on, suspended or powered off), its location within the environment, its hardware type (virtual vs. physical), its operating system type, and its file system formats. The system isolates centralized FPAs from the details of clients, proxies and storage elements by providing a service that decomposes offloaded file system access into two steps. A FPA or a requester acting on behalf of the FPA first expresses the disk set or the computer containing the file systems it wishes to access, along with requirements and preferences about the access method. The service figures out an efficient data path satisfying the FPA's needs; and then automatically configures a set of storage and computing resources to provide the data path. The service then replies with information about the resources and instructions for using them. The FPA then accesses the requested file systems using the returned information.
US07774382B2
The invention relates to a method for configuring a control device and to a corresponding control device. The control device comprises a main memory and a variant memory. A main data record is created in accordance with an identification from a base data record that is specific to said identification and a difference base data record that is likewise specific to said identification. The main data record is then transmitted to a main memory of the control device.
US07774381B2
Methods and other embodiments associated with performing an in-memory triangulation of an arbitrarily large data set are described. One example method for performing in-memory triangulation of an arbitrarily large data set includes striping a data set into multiple stripes, selecting a first stripe to triangulate, and then performing an in-memory triangulation on the stripe. The method may also include removing certain triangles from the triangulated irregular network produced by the triangulation, merging another stripe with the leftover data, and repeating the process until the arbitrarily large data set has been triangulated piece-by-piece, with the triangulations occurring in memory.
US07774375B2
A multimedia processing system and methods provide flexibility and modularity by separating data flow information from maintaining of stream state for multimedia components. The system includes a media processor component to process received media data, a media session to determine a timeline for events to occur for performing media processing and a topology loader component to load a topology that describes a flow for the received media data to enable processing via an extensible symbolic abstraction of media objects. The topology loader ensures that events described in the topology occur. The system also includes core layer components such as media sink components to determine a media stream for output from the multimedia processing system and a media source component coupled to supply media data for processing. The topology created in the system symbolically provides data flow information, independent of maintaining a streaming state of control information.
US07774365B2
A system including a centralized organizational information system in communication with a centralized organizational information database. The system also includes a federated set of entitlements engines in communication with the centralized organizational information system and a plurality of entitlement databases, wherein each of the entitlements engines is for determining whether a user is entitled to access secured resources requested by the user.
US07774361B1
An incident managing module aggregates related database intrusion incidents and presents them in a manageable manner. A receiving module receives an anomalous query requesting data from a database and a type-identification module identifies anomaly type for the query received. A conversion module converts the anomalous query into a characteristic representation. In some embodiments, this is done by replacing literal field values in the query with representative values. In other embodiments, this is done by creating a tuple describing anomaly parameters for the anomalous query. In still other embodiments, the query is converted into a characteristic representation that distinguishes between injected and non-injected portions of the query. An aggregation module then aggregates into a group the anomalous queries with substantially similar characteristic representations according to anomaly type and a generation module generates a database intrusion incident report describing the group of anomalous queries.
US07774357B2
A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided for implementing enhanced query governor functions. Query execution includes first checking for a timeout value for a query. Responsive to identifying a timeout value for the query, an execution time for the query is reset and a monitor for each timeout value for the query is started. Then the execution of the query is started. The execution of predefined events is monitored during the execution of the query. The predefined events include a begin or end of processing of at least one of a trigger and a user defined function (UDF). Execution status of the query is periodically checked. Responsive to identifying the query is executing, checking for any expired timeout value is performed. The execution of the query is halted responsive to an identified expired timeout value.
US07774355B2
A mechanism is disclosed for selecting an authorization filter to apply when executing a database query, based on the focus of the database query. Based on the focus specified for a given of the query, different conditions may be added during query processing to a database query. Doing so provides a flexible approach to managing data access requests where queries may focus on the same underlying data from many different perspectives.
US07774341B2
A method of selecting and presenting content based on learned user preferences is provided. The method includes providing a content system including a set of content items organized by genre characterizing the content items, and wherein the set of content items contains microgenre metadata further characterizing the content items. The method also includes receiving search input from the user for identifying desired content items and, in response, presenting a subset of content items to the user. The method further includes receiving content item selection actions from the user and analyzing the microgenre metadata within the selected content items to learn the preferred microgenres of the user. The method includes, in response to receiving subsequent user search input, selecting and presenting content items in an order that portrays as relatively more relevant those content items containing microgenre metadata that more closely match the learned microgenre preferences of the user.
US07774339B2
It has been found that user navigation that follows search engine interactions provides implicit endorsement of resources (such as web resources) that are preferred by users, and which may be particularly valuable for exploratory search tasks. Thus, a combination of past searching and browsing user behavior is analyzed to identify additional information that augments search results delivered by a search engine. The additional information may include a display of hyperlinks to locations which are derived from the past searching and browsing user behavior, given a specific input query. The additional information may be provided to supplement web search results.
US07774338B2
A method and apparatus for associating text information with numerical information. A first phrase corresponding to a time period is generated. The first phrase represents a change in first numerical information over the time period. The first numerical information includes time-series data pertaining to a financial index. The text information is retrieved through use of a retrieval condition that includes the first phrase. The first numerical information is retrieved through use of the retrieval condition and the first phrase. The extracted text information and the retrieved first numerical information are outputted in association with each other.
US07774326B2
Methods and systems for processing data, including metadata and an index database. In one exemplary method, a first folder, representing a first search query, is stored, and a second folder, representing a second search query wherein the second folder has a predetermined hierarchical relationship to the first folder, is stored, and the search queries are used to search one or both of an index database and a metadata database. In the metadata database, the type of metadata for one file type differs from the type of metadata for another file type.
US07774318B2
An example method may obtain a request to delete a plurality of data items satisfying a first condition from a database, and request a retrieval of a first database item from a first predefined storage block associated with the database based on a query including a negation of the first condition. It may be determined whether the first database item is retrieved from the first predefined storage block in response to the requesting the retrieval of the first database item from the first predefined storage block. When it is determined that the first database item is not retrieved, deletion of the first predefined storage block may be requested, else deletion of each one of the plurality of data items satisfying the first condition from the first predefined storage block may be requested.
US07774317B2
A copy procedure detects qualified data objects in a body of source data, and copies the source data to a target storage unit except for unqualified data objects, which are replaced with a prescribed bit pattern. Following completion of the backup, a record is prepared indicating that all data objects exist in the specified target storage, regardless of whether each data object was replaced with a predetermined bit pattern rather than being physically written to the specified target storage. This process may, be repeated in order to perform data reclamation, effectively removing user files no longer qualifying for backup.
US07774316B2
Reducing copy on write activity during snapshot backup processing in computer system. A snap shot of the data is created. As the backup of each file is successfully completed, the copy-on-write functionality for the file is disabled. As the backup of each other file is successfully completed, the copy-on-write for each other file is disabled.
US07774305B2
A system and method for auditing enterprise data is disclosed. A non-intrusive enterprise application audit trail has the ability to configure and track only data that is selected, thereby conserving system resources. In one embodiment, a method includes providing one or more configuration facilities in an enterprise application, viewing configuration parameters, viewing modified enterprise data in the context of change management, and changing said configuration parameters so that data tracking in said enterprise application is performed only on select data. The method also includes invoking a database triggers facility to identify said select data to be tracked.
US07774299B2
Systems and methods directed at providing flow computing. An application configured with flow computing capabilities can determine possible results that are intended by a user based on one or more user-initiated actions. The application identifies idling computing resources in the computing device that are available and automatically performs other actions to produce the possible results using the idling computing resources. The application caches the results and provides at least one of the cached results in an interactive data stream. The user directs the data stream by selecting pre-generated choices to achieve the desired outcome.
US07774298B2
The present invention provides a method and system for the automatic extraction of data from a transaction system to an analytics system, which is capable of handling large volumes of application data.
US07774296B2
A process provides automated coherent documentation of the construction of variably configured assemblies and systems, which consist of mechanical, electrical or electronic subassemblies or components using relational database software. A relational database software program is used to define the location of subassemblies or components within the final assembly or system, define important configuration information for the subassemblies and define the interconnection of the subassemblies within the assembly or system. This process improves upon prior art utilizing schematics, assembly drawings, parts lists and configuration logs based upon ANSI standard documentation practices by reducing the time required to produce such documentation and improving the accuracy of such documentation. The use of a relational database allows for various data manipulations that may be desirable such as error prevention, error detection, data analysis and specified searches.
US07774285B2
The present invention provides apparatus, systems and methods providing a digital scale interface in a global communications shipping management environment so that a shipping management system resident on a server computer device remote from a user client computer device, receives and recognizes a weight of a parcel from the digital scale configured with the remote user client computer device.
US07774281B2
A terminal device transmits device information thereof and a request for acquiring information contents to a contents distribution device. The contents distribution device generates a request for distributing a program for materializing the information contents in the terminal device based on the information contents designated in the acquisition request and the device information, and transmits a license request for using a function standard required for realizing the function to a license management device. The license management device receives the usage license request and correspondingly transmits an authorization for using the function standard to the program distribution device and the contents distribution device. The program distribution device transmits the program to the terminal device only when the usage authorization is received. The contents distribution device transmits the information contents to the terminal device only when the usage authorization is received.
US07774267B2
A system and method are provided for trading multiple tradeable objects. One example method includes displaying at least one combined quantity indicator representing a combined quantity associated with at least two tradeable objects, detecting an input associated with an order for a predetermined order quantity in relation to one of the combined quantity indicators, and allocating the order quantity between the at least two tradeable objects using at least one quantity allocation rule. In one example embodiment, a plurality of quantity allocation rules can be user-configurable, and different rules can be defined and applied in relation to different order types.
US07774263B1
An automated system for matching orders to buy and sell securities including a displayed market where orders are executed at a BBO price and where information about the market is made available to investors and a midpoint matching market for matching buy and sell orders at a predetermined price, namely, the midpoint between the national best bid and offer. The displayed market and the midpoint matching market are linked so that orders submitted to the displayed market are exposed to the midpoint matching market and can be executed at an improved price if a contra order is available on the midpoint matching market.
US07774260B2
An anonymous trading system comprises an interconnected network of broking nodes arranged in cliques which receive buy and sell orders from trader terminals via connected trading engines and which match persistent orders, executed deals and distribute price information to trader terminals. Where two orders are matched, a proposed deal message is sent by the matching broker. If another broker has processed an event which makes the matched quote unavailable the match fails and rematch may occur. Rematch may be attempted by an intermediate broker provided it owns one side of the match, or it received both sides of the match from brokers in different cliques. The intermediate broker attempts to match with the next available quote in the queue.
US07774258B2
A method for forming a securities bundle indexed to entertainment revenue includes determining a first funding amount for a first entertainment event. A second funding amount is determined for a second entertainment event. Next, a dividend schedule is determined for the first and second entertainment events. A securities bundle is formed at least partially based on the funding amounts and the dividend schedule, with the securities bundle comprising a first security and a second security. The first security is associated with the first entertainment event and the second security is associated with the second entertainment event.
US07774249B1
A system and method for displaying and controlling risk related information in an electronic trading environment are described. One method includes creating a display interface including a data structure and a display grid. The data structure may be a tree-based data structure with a plurality of data nodes associated with trader-related risk information, where the data in the data nodes is automatically updated based on fill information being received from at least one electronic exchange. Also, the data structure includes the ability to select, manipulate, and group the data nodes based on user preferences. The method further includes selecting data nodes to be mapped to the at least one data grid, and displaying trader-related risk information corresponding to the selected data nodes on the at least one data grid.
US07774246B1
A market process collects orders from trading processes into a batch, the orders associated with respective liquidity curves. The market process uses the liquidity curve to determine a premium offered by or demanded for the order. The market process then pairs orders in the batch that have indicated willingness to bear the greatest amount of market risk, as demonstrated by their premiums. Greedy or risk averse orders, as indicated by their premiums, may not be paired during the batch.
US07774229B1
A marketing method comprising a Provider offering a potential reward to a first party in exchange for promotional assistance of forwarding a first e-mail message to a second party comprising a personalized referral for the marketable entity, a first set of data comprising a first serial number and a first URL link. A first Web site corresponding to the first URL link is created which provides information on the referenced marketable entity and an offer to transact. The first set of data in the first e-mail message is correlated to a first set of database data within a digital database controlled by the Provider. The first e-mail message is forwarded from the Provider to the first party. The first e-mail message is forwarded from the first party directly to the second party without giving any identifying information about the second party to the Provider.
US07774224B2
Techniques for organizing events via an electronic organizer are described herein. In one embodiment, an example of a process includes, but is not limited to, dynamically accessing a first event organization system over a network to retrieve a first event data representing one or more events scheduled by the first event organization system, and presenting the first event data in a second event organization system as if the first event data is scheduled by the second event organization system, wherein the first and second event organization systems are incompatible. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.
US07774218B2
A method for processing insurance coverage requests. An insurance data processing system (IDPS) receives at least one request from a customer relating to insurance coverage for the customer. Each request independently requests activation or deactivation of the insurance coverage. The requests are ordered in a time sequence if the at least one request includes more than one request. The IDPS verifies, for each request received, that it is permissible for the IDPS to accommodate each request. After each request is verified, the IDPS archives each request in a non-volatile storage medium of the IDPS.
US07774211B1
A system and process to manage and administer assets of an institution is provided and includes a graphical user interface to display urgent device alerts and scheduled tasks reminders. The system includes a consolidation engine that, at a centralized processing facility, receives and consolidates data from a number of auto-generation and manual-generated data sources, which are located within a host facility. A method to graphically display consolidated condition data for equipment of a host facility is also provided.
US07774207B2
The present invention relates to systems and methods for intellectual property asset selection and protection. In an embodiment, an intellectual property selection system receives from an innovator an innovation submission describing an innovation. An intellectual property protection system receives at least a portion of the innovation submission and manages obtaining an intellectual property legal right related to the innovation. An intellectual property asset management system receives and stores at least one of an innovation description and an intellectual property legal right description, where the innovation description is based at least in part on the at least a portion of the innovation submission and the intellectual property legal right description is based at least in part on the intellectual property legal right.
US07774196B2
A system and method for automatically modifying a language model and post-processor information is provided. The system includes the steps of language model identification, site-specific model creation, and language model adaptation.
US07774191B2
The virtual supercomputer is an apparatus, system and method for generating information processing solutions to complex and/or high-demand/high-performance computing problems, without the need for costly, dedicated hardware supercomputers, and in a manner far more efficient than simple grid or multiprocessor network approaches. The virtual supercomputer consists of a reconfigurable virtual hardware processor, an associated operating system, and a set of operations and procedures that allow the architecture of the system to be easily tailored and adapted to specific problems or classes of problems in a way that such tailored solutions will perform on a variety of hardware architectures, while retaining the benefits of a tailored solution that is designed to exploit the specific and often changing information processing features and demands of the problem at hand.
US07774189B2
A system and method for implementing a unified model for integration systems is presented. A user provides inputs to an integrated language engine for placing operator components and arc components onto a dataflow diagram. Operator components include data ports for expressing data flow, and also include meta-ports for expressing control flow. Arc components connect operator components together for data and control information to flow between the operator components. The dataflow diagram is a directed acyclic graph that expresses an application without including artificial boundaries during the application design process. Once the integrated language engine generates the dataflow diagram, the integrated language engine compiles the dataflow diagram to generated application code.
US07774187B2
A safety protection instrumentation system for a nuclear reactor is constructed by using digital logic. The digital logic includes functional units in which output logic patterns corresponding to all input logic patterns are verified in advance and a functional module formed by combining the functional units.
US07774183B2
Two new flow parameters derived from laboratory core-flood experiments are used in building mathematical models to predict the performance of an acid treatment when treatment is made with self diverting fracturing acids. The two new variables are: ΔPr is defined as the value of Δp (in the core flood experiment) when Δp switches from a first to a second linear trend at time tr ⊖r is the number of pore volumes injected when the switch occurs.
US07774182B2
An apparatus and method for validating a computer model is described. In one embodiment, a computer-readable medium comprises instructions to associate a set of configurations of a computer model with a stimulus-response test, each configuration of the set of configurations representing a different model scenario, the stimulus-response test defining a modification to each configuration of the set of configurations. The computer-readable medium also comprises instructions to apply the stimulus-response test to the set of configurations to produce a simulated response for each configuration of the set of configurations and instructions to compare the simulated responses for the set of configurations with an expected response to the stimulus-response test.
US07774176B2
A pertubative approach based on the Born approximation resolves weakly nonlinear circuit models without requiring explicit high-order device derivatives. Convergence properties and the relation to Volterra series are discussed. According to the disclosed methods, second and third order intermodulation products (IM2, IM3) and intercept points (IP2, IP3) can be calculated by second and third order Born approximations under weakly nonlinear conditions. A diagrammatic representation of nonlinear interactions is presented. Using this diagrammatic technique, both Volterra series and Born approximations can be constructed in a systematic way. The method is generalized to calculate other high-order nonlinear effects such as IMn (nth order intermodulation product) and IPn (nth order intermodulation intercept point). In general, the equations are developed in harmonic form and can be implemented in both time and frequency domains for analog and RF circuits.
US07774171B2
Methods for optimizing at least one operating parameter of an engine component using an experimentally measured 3D flow field involving providing a magnetic resonance imaging machine, providing a model of an engine component, placing the model into the magnetic resonance imaging machine with a fluid flow source for applying an external fluid flow, applying the external fluid flow to the model, collecting data related to the external fluid flow about the model, and optimizing at least one operating parameter of the component using the data.
US07774156B2
A portable apparatus including an interface configured to input first motion data of a user from a foot-worn first self-contained activity determining unit is disclosed. The portable apparatus also includes a second self-contained activity determining unit configured to determine second motion data of the user. Furthermore, the portable apparatus includes a processing unit configured to determine and store a user-specific dependency between the first motion data and the second motion data, and determine a current speed of the user or a current traveled distance of the user based on current second motion data and the user-specific dependency.
US07774155B2
Acceleration data which is output from an acceleration sensor is obtained. A rotation motion of an input device around a predetermined direction as a rotation axis is determined by comparing a start point in a two-dimensional coordinate system which is represented by the first acceleration data obtained in a predetermined period, and an end point in the two-dimensional coordinate system which is represented by the last acceleration data obtained in the predetermined period. Coordinate axes of the two-dimensional coordinate system are defined based on components of the two axial directions of the acceleration data, and an origin of the two-dimensional coordinate system represents a value of the acceleration data in the state where no acceleration including the acceleration of gravity acts upon the acceleration sensor. Motion data including at least the determined rotation motion is output.
US07774154B2
In the digitizer, a plurality of ADCs convert a plurality of analogue signals output from the device to be tested, to digital signals, respectively. The processing circuit is configured as a software-independent circuit and processes a plurality of digital signals output from the plurality of ADCs. The processing circuit is formed on the FPGA. In the processing circuit, the FFT circuit performs complex Fourier transform on two digital signals.
US07774153B1
Various computer-implemented methods, carrier media, and systems for stabilizing output acquired by an inspection system are provided. One computer-implemented method includes determining a characteristic of output acquired for a wafer by an inspection system using an inspection recipe. The method also includes comparing the characteristic to a reference characteristic. In addition, if the characteristic is above the reference characteristic, the method includes altering the output acquired for the wafer such that the characteristic of the altered output substantially matches the reference characteristic thereby stabilizing the output acquired for the wafer to the reference characteristic.
US07774142B2
A method of determining a vertical component of particle velocity from seismic data acquired using at least one receiver disposed within a water column includes determining the vertical component of particle velocity from the pressure at a first location and a second location. The first location is the location of a first receiver, and is vertically beneath the second location. The method uses an operator accurate for seismic data acquired at a vertical separation between the first and second locations of up to at least 0.4 times the minimum wavelength of seismic energy used to acquire the seismic data. The second location may be at or above the surface of the water column. Alternatively, the method may be applied to a twin streamer seismic surveying arrangement in which the second location is below the surface of the water column and is the location of a second receiver.
US07774132B2
In one embodiment, a navigation system provides navigation directions within particular locations within a facility, such as within a corporate campus, airport, resort, building, etc. The navigation system may respond to navigation requests for different types of facility target destinations such as a location, a person, a movable item, an event, or a condition. Different location resources can be accessed depending on the type of requested target destination. For example, an employee database may be used to locate an office within the facility associated with navigation request that contains an employee name. A natural voice communication scheme can be used to access to the navigation system through a larger variety of networks and communication devices.
US07774131B2
The invention relates to a method of automatic navigation assistance for an aircraft. A capture zone being a zone in which the aircraft can capture a predetermined vertical profile segment by applying a transition between the guidance submode which the aircraft is in and the guidance submode adapted to the following of the vertical profile segment to be captured, it comprises the step consisting in determining the width of the capture zone as a function of the height h of the vertical profile to be captured and of the speed v which the aircraft has when plumb with this height when the aircraft is not on the profile or at this height when the aircraft is on the profile.
US07774126B2
An electromagnetic fuel injection valve device for an internal combustion engine is configured to carry out an energization to an electromagnetic coil of an injection valve actuator for a valve opening motion and additionally carry out a mid-term energization at a time interval between both an energization for valve opening of a previous fuel injection and an energization for valve opening of a subsequent fuel injection. A current of the mid-term energization is smaller than a current of the energization for valve opening motion and has the same direction as a direction of the current of the energization for valve opening motion.
US07774122B2
A vehicle controller includes an obstacle-determining portion and a driving torque reducing portion. The obstacle-determining portion determines whether the vehicle is climbing up an obstacle, more specifically, whether the vehicle starts climbing up the obstacle. Then, the driving torque reducing portion performs a driving torque reduction control when it is determined that the vehicle is climbing up onto the obstacle.
US07774117B2
An engine output controller provided in a bulldozer includes an output curve storage device storing a plurality of output curves of an engine and an output curve changing device selecting and shifting to one of the plurality of output curves. The output curve changing device, when a pressure of a blade tilt cylinder is equal to or more than a predetermined value, calls and shifts to a higher output curve from the output curve storage device. When an oil pressure is supplied to the tilt cylinder to tilt a blade and an operation is performed without reducing a soil pressing speed in this condition, the output curve changing device shifts the current output curve to the higher output curve to drive the engine. However, in many other cases, the output curve is automatically switched to a lower output curve to reduce an output of the engine. Thus, the fuel consumption is improved.
US07774114B2
Front-mounted in-vehicle equipment arranged to a front part of a vehicle internal space, rear-mounted in-vehicle equipment arranged to a rear part of the vehicle internal space, and a connection adapted to connect the front-mounted in-vehicle equipment and the rear-mounted in-vehicle equipment is described. Rear-mounted in-vehicle equipment controls the front-mounted in-vehicle equipment via a keyboard or game controller, thereby allowing a passenger to control the front-mounted in-vehicle equipment in a straightforward manner from the rear-mounted in-vehicle equipment instead of the driver operating the front-mounted in-vehicle equipment. The rear-mounted in-vehicle equipment can be denied access to overwriting information related to music data in the front-mounted in-vehicle equipment.
US07774111B2
A method for providing vehicle emissions data from a vehicle to a remotely located call center, so that the call center can then provide the emissions data to one or more authorized recipients. According to one embodiment, this method includes the steps of receiving a vehicle emissions data request, sending emissions data from one or more vehicle electronic modules (VEMs) to a vehicle telematics unit, and wirelessly transmitting the emissions data to a call center. Once at the call center, the emissions data can then be provided to one or more authorized recipients, which can include governmental entities, according to a number of different techniques.
US07774106B2
The present invention provides an alternative to the auto-throttle integrated in an aircraft autopilot by restricting the conditions in which the system operates. The proposed system removes the auto-throttle function from the autopilot system and gives it directly to the Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC). A Cruise Control mode is available to the pilot only under stable flight conditions.
US07774105B2
A system for an interior annunciator onboard a mobile platform (such as a train, marine vessel, aircraft or automobile) is provided. The system includes at least one speaker onboard the mobile platform. The system also includes a flight management control module that generates flight management data that indicates at least one status of an operation of the mobile platform. The system further includes an auditory control module that generates nonverbal auditory data based on the at least one status of the operation of the mobile platform. The nonverbal auditory data is broadcast by the at least one speaker to communicate the at least one status of the operation of the mobile platform to at least one passenger onboard the mobile platform.
US07774093B2
The invention relates to a method of obtaining a random sample. The method includes randomly selecting a sample of a mailing at a DMU. This sample is then analyzed for conformance with United States Postal Service standards.
US07774089B2
A motor control host includes a plurality of ports, a memory, and a processing device. The memory is operable to store an enable mask defining an enablement state for each of the ports. The processing device is operable to send a first message over those selected ports having an affirmative enablement state to maintain a communication link over the selected ports and inhibit the first message for those ports having a negative enablement state. A method for configuring a motor control system including a motor control host having a plurality of ports includes storing an enable mask defining an enablement state for each of the ports. A first message is sent over those selected ports having an affirmative enablement state to maintain a communication link over the selected ports. The first message is inhibited for those ports having a negative enablement state.
US07774086B2
A computer program product that determines a polishing endpoint includes obtaining spectra from different zones on a substrate during different times in a polishing sequence, matches the spectra with indexes in a library and uses the indexes to determining a polishing rate for each of the different zones from the indexes. An adjusted polishing rate can be determined for one of the zones, which causes the substrate to have a desired profile when the polishing end time is reached.
US07774076B2
A financial institution may flag suspicious transactions that are conducted using an NFC-enabled mobile phone. The account holder establishes a second PIN that is separate from the primary PIN used by the customer to authenticate transactions. When a transaction is flagged, a message is sent to the customer at the mobile phone requesting entry of the second PIN. If the second PIN is not correctly entered, activity on the account is suspended.
US07774071B2
An electrically conducting lead (20) that can used in the body for electrical stimulations applications, such as a cochlear implant. The lead comprises a body of relatively electrically insulative material (41) having a relatively electrically conductive element (18) extending therethrough in a wound arrangement. The electrically conductive element (18) is comprised of a plurality of layers of electrical conductors (14). The conductive element (18) is disposed in the lead such that the longitudinal extent of each of the electrical conductors (14) is the same.
US07774069B2
System for transcutaneous energy transfer. An implantable medical device, adapted to be implanted in a patient, has componentry for providing a therapeutic output. The implantable medical device has an internal power source and a secondary coil operatively coupled to the internal power source. An external power source, having a primary coil, provides energy to the implantable medical device when the primary coil of the external power source is placed in proximity of the secondary coil of the implantable medical device and thereby generates a current in the internal power source. An alignment indicator reports the alignment as a function of the current generated in the internal power source with a predetermined value associated with an expected alignment between the primary coil and secondary coil.
US07774055B1
An exemplary method includes providing left atrial pressure information, based at least in part on the information, determining a weight and, based at least in part on the weight, determining a threshold for use in intrathoracic impedance monitoring. Such an exemplary method may include comparing an intrathoracic impedance to the threshold, comparing an intrathoracic impedance change to the threshold, or comparing a product of intrathoracic impedance and time to the threshold. Various exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are disclosed.
US07774050B2
In one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method and apparatus for early detection of subacute, potentially catastrophic infectious illness in a premature newborn infant. The method comprises: (a) continuously monitoring heart rate variability in the premature newborn infant; and (b) identifying at least one characteristic abnormality in the heart rate variability that is associated with the illness. This method can be use to diagnose illnesses such as, but not limited to, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumonia and meningitis. In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method and apparatus for early detection of subacute, potentially catastrophic infectious illness in a patient. The method comprises: (a) continuously monitoring the patient's RR intervals; (b) generating a normalized data set of the RR intervals; (c) calculating one or more of (i) moments of the data set selected from the third and higher moments and (ii) percentile values of the data set; and (d) identifying an abnormal heart rate variability associated with the illness based on one or more of the moments and the percentile values.
US07774049B2
A method and apparatus for determining oversensing of cardiac signals that includes a housing containing electronic circuitry, an electrode coupled to the electronic circuitry to sense cardiac signals, and a processor, positioned within the housing, to determine an oversensing characteristic associated with the cardiac signals sensed over a predetermined sensing window, and to identify oversensing in response to the determined oversensing characteristic.
US07774046B2
A magnetic navigation system for orienting a magnetically responsive device in an operating region in a subject has at least two magnet units and a support for mounting the at least two magnet units for movement relative to the subject, the support supporting the at least two magnet units adjacent the operating region in the subject at locations to apply a magnetic field to the operating region. Each magnet unit includes sing a magnet and a positioner for selectively changing the position of the magnet. The system also includes a control for operating the positioners of each magnet unit to selectively change the positions of the magnets to maintain the magnetic field direction applied to the operating region by the magnets as the locations of the magnet units relative to the operating region change. The system is adapted for implementing a method of navigating according to the present invention in which the magnets in the magnet units are selectively rotated and pivoted to maintain the appropriate magnetic field direction projected by the magnets to maintain the device direction as the magnet units move on the support about the operating region.
US07774044B2
A method for augmented reality navigation of a medical intervention includes providing a stereoscopic head mounted display, the display including a pair of stereo viewing cameras, at least one tracking camera, and a stereoscopic guidance display. During a medical intervention on a patient, the patient's body pose is determined from a rigid body transformation between the tracking camera and frame markers on the scanning table, and the pose of an intervention instrument with respect to the table is determined. A visual representation of the patient overlaid with an image of the intervention target, the instrument, and a path for guiding the instrument to perform said medical intervention is displayed in the stereoscopic guidance display.
US07774030B1
The send, end, and/or push-to-talk functions of a combination cellular telephone/two-way radio, are controlled with a single button on a hands-free device having a cable attached to the button, a microphone, and an earpiece. The button is pressed to instruct the cellular telephone/two-way radio to transmit in a half-duplex communications mode for a two-way radio conversation. The user speaks while continuing to press the button, to transmit the user's words in the two-way radio conversation. Next, the user releases the button, to instruct the cellular telephone/two-way radio to cease transmitting, to permit the user to hear words transmitted by the other party to the two-way radio conversation. Additionally, in some examples the user may answer an incoming cellular telephone call by pressing the button used during the two-way radio conversation, to instruct the cellular telephone/two-way radio to establish communications for a full duplex cellular telephone conversation.
US07774027B2
A portable flash memory drive includes a Bluetooth controller with only a subset of the layers of a Bluetooth stack necessary for operation. This enables usage of a generic Bluetooth controller in the flash drive. Specific configuration for profiles and other aspects of Bluetooth communication are handled by upper layers of the Bluetooth stack that are stored in the flash memory of the drive and thereafter loaded into a host computer. The configuration and make up of the Bluetooth stack can therefore be easily updated and changed when desired.
US07774026B2
Such regulation control that the processing load on the network side is low and, furthermore, particular services are not regulated is realized. A regulation table is stored in a mobile communication terminal 1. When regulation level information is indicated by a maintenance device 4, transmission regulation control for regulating transmission operation is performed based on the content of the regulation table. In this case, it is possible to regulate particular services which use packet communication, while it is also possible to avoid regulating particular services. Since the maintenance device 4 only indicates regulation level information indicating which part in the regulation table should be used and does not indicate the content of regulation, the processing load on the network side is low.
US07774022B2
When a user gets interested in some music he/she listens to somewhere, for example, in a coffee shop, the user records that music in a memory provided in a portable terminal. A processor reads the information stored in the memory and performs a predetermined process on it. The resultant information is stored on a storage device. The information stored on the storage device is then transferred to a server via a communication device. The server searches the database for the title of the music corresponding to the received information, and returns the result to the terminal. Thus, the user can easily get information about the title of the music.
US07774018B2
An MB-MM mobile communication terminal having multiple multimedia functions is disclosed. In one embodiment, the MB-MM mobile terminal includes a first modem having a first codec unit, and a second modem having a second codec unit. The first modem controls the first codec unit to process data and outputs a data processing order to have the second codec unit process data if the first codec unit is processing other data. The second modem activates the second codec unit if the data processing order is inputted and controls the second codec unit to process data corresponding to the data processing order. At least one of embodiment of the present invention enables using multiple codec units simultaneously or independently in an MB-MM mobile communication terminal.
US07774017B2
A processing load of a high performance application processing such as a voice, an image and the like is reduced, and a processing capacity of a base band processing is improved. A semiconductor integrated circuit device used in a mobile communication system such as a cellular phone is provided with a base band CPU block performing a base band processing for executing a base band protocol stack, an application system CPU block executing a high-level OS and controlling applications other than the base band processing, an application real-time CPU block executing a real-time OS and the like and controlling an image/voice processing, all of which are formed on one semiconductor chip. Further, internal high-speed buses to which these CPU blocks are connected are respectively connected via bridges.
US07774014B2
The present invention provides a method and an apparatus of wireless communication with at least one wireless unit. The method includes detecting an indication of error in a plurality of traffic frames to control transmit power between at least a first and second forward link based on the indication of error. The method further includes receiving a plurality of consecutive traffic frames over at least two reverse links from a wireless unit to select a frame in soft handoff. To control transmit power, for example, a controller may perform reverse link error detection after frame selection. The controller detects a frame error to boost the transmit power, substantially correcting a link imbalance situation. In this way, by controlling transmit power in a spread spectrum wireless communication system to reduce call drops, a call drop rate may be significantly decreased while increasing capacity of radio frequency transmission.
US07774013B2
The performance and ease of management of wireless communications environments is improved by a mechanism that enables access points (APs) to perform automatic channel selection. A wireless network can therefore include multiple APs, each of which will automatically choose a channel such that channel usage is optimized. Furthermore, APs can perform automatic power adjustment so that multiple APs can operate on the same channel while minimizing interference with each other. Wireless stations are load balanced across APs so that user bandwidth is optimized. A movement detection scheme provides seamless roaming of stations between APs.
US07773994B2
A method and an apparatus for uplink data transmission using an enhanced uplink dedicated channel (E-DCH) in a mobile telecommunication system which employs a code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme are provided. User equipment (UE) located in a handover area related to a cell supporting the E-DCH and a cell not supporting the E-DCH configures a radio bearer including the E-DCH and a radio bearer including an uplink dedicated channel (DCH) such that they are mapped to one uplink logical channel, and transmits uplink data through any one radio bearer selected by the UE or a serving radio network controller (SRNC). Thus, a delay time due to radio bearer reconfigurations and signaling overhead for the radio bearer reconfigurations are reduced.
US07773993B2
An unlicensed wireless service is adapted to generate the interface protocols of a licensed wireless service to provide transparent transition of communication sessions between a licensed wireless service and an unlicensed wireless service. In one embodiment, a mobile station includes level 1, level 2, and level 3 protocols for licensed wireless service and an unlicensed wireless service. An indoor base station and indoor network controller provide protocol conversion for the unlicensed wireless service into a standard base station controller interface of the licensed wireless service.
US07773979B1
Disclosed herein are a number of embodiments that enable BREW handsets and other devices to leverage a MSOA developed for J2ME handsets. The MSOA may be used to develop and deploy applications and services to handsets or other devices. In order to gain use of the MSOA, an actor may be developed for enabling communication with one or more servlets or one or more applications in the MSOA. Similarly, other devices, such as a set top box, may also gain the use of the MSOA through an adaptor that is capable of communication with one or more servlets or one or more applications in the MSOA. BREW handsets may also gain use of the MSOA through an actor developed in conjunction with an application as part of a servlet, midlet, actor triplet.
US07773958B2
A key pad assembly and a mobile communication terminal having the same. The key pad assembly comprises: a key pad installed at a front surface of a cover so as to be exposed outwardly; a switching unit arranged at a rear surface of the cover for generating a signal when the key pad is pressed; a signal transmitting unit electrically connected to the switching unit below the switching unit, for transmitting a signal generated from the switching unit; and a supporting plate arranged below the signal transmitting unit and having a guiding portion for inducing the signal transmitting unit to be bent in a direction spaced from a lower surface of the cover, for supporting the signal transmitting unit towards the cover. As the key pad assembly is implemented to be slim, a spatial efficiency of the mobile communication terminal is increased.
US07773944B2
A wireless access point broadcasts a unique RF domain identifier for each supported service set per radio. Within a wireless local area network (“WLAN”) the RF domain identifier is unique for each supported service set, and hence identifies the service set. In addition to identifying the service sets supported by the access point, RF domain identifiers may be used to adjust transmit power in order to differentiate service sets. For example, if a first access point receives a beacon with an RF domain identifier transmitted by a second access point, the transmit power of communications associated with the service set associated with the received RF domain identifier is reduced at the first access point if that service set is also supported on the same radio by the first access point. In one embodiment the first and second access points both reduce transmit power until the beacons are no longer received by the respective nearby access point. The transmit power of communications associated with other service sets and other radios are not effected by the transmit power reduction, i.e., the access point may reduce transmit power of overlapping service set communications while contemporaneously transmitting communications of non-overlapping service sets at full power.
US07773942B2
According to one embodiment, a method for use in managing satellite communications includes: receiving, at a first earth-based gateway antenna system, one or more microwave communication signals from a substantially geostationary satellite; monitoring for a performance change in at least one signal from the satellite; and, in response to detecting a performance change in the at least one signal, transmitting instructions to the satellite to transmit at least a portion of the one or more microwave communication signals to a second earth-based gateway antenna system.
US07773940B2
A method for data transmission between a write/read station of a radio frequency identification system and at least one external functional unit sends at least one data block from the write/read station to the external functional unit. The transmitted data block is received by at least one of the external functional units, and after reception of the transmitted data block, at least one external functional unit evaluates the at least one data block. The transmission of the at least one data block takes place exclusively by way of an RFID communication connection from the write/read station to the at least one functional unit and/or back.
US07773934B2
A process cartridge is detachably mountable to an image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes an image bearing member, a developing member for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a surface of the image bearing member and a cleaning member having a blade contacted to the image bearing member along a longitudinal direction of the image bearing member to remove the developer from the surface of the image bearing member. The cleaning member has a processed portion containing an isocyanate compound at each of longitudinal end portions of the blade, wherein a longitudinally inside end of the processed portion is disposed longitudinally inside a developer carryable region of the developing member which is capable of carrying the developer.
US07773929B2
A fusing device includes a pressure member, a heating member, and an external heating member. The heating member has an outer surface in contact with an outer surface of the pressure member. The heating member heats a sheet that is being passed in a first direction through a contact area between the pressure member and the heating member. The external heating member heats a predetermined area of the surface of the heating member from outside. Length of the predetermined area along a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction is set shorter than entire length of the heating member along the second direction.
US07773927B2
An objective is to provide an intermediate transfer member exhibiting higher transferability together with higher cleaning ability and durability, a manufacturing apparatus of an intermediate transfer member in which no large-scale equipment such as a vacuum evaporator or the like is installed, and an image forming apparatus fitted with the intermediate transfer member. Also disclosed is intermediate transfer member 170 possessing substrate 175 and surface layer 176 composed of at least one layer provided on the surface of substrate 175, wherein foregoing substrate 175 has a universal hardness of 50-190 N/mm2, and foregoing surface layer 176 has a surface hardness of 3-11 GPa measured in accordance with a nanoindentation method.
US07773923B2
A developing apparatus in which a toner has a volume-average particle diameter R that is in a range of 4.0 μm≦R≦6.2 μm, a developing roller has an arithmetic mean roughness Ra (μm) that is not more than 0.10 times the volume-average particle diameter R of the toner, a voltage applied to a supply roller is of negative polarity, that is, a normal charging polarity of the toner, triboelectrification polarity of the supply roller with respect to the toner is negative, that is, of the normal charging polarity of the toner, and an abutment width S in which the developing roller and the supply roller abut each other is in a range of 2.5 mm≦S≦5.5 mm.
US07773922B2
An image forming apparatus for developing an electrostatic image formed on a photosensitive drum 1 with a developer, so as to form an image includes: a rotatable developing sleeve 44; a developing blade 46 for restricting a layer of a developer borne on the developing sleeve 44; developing member for developing the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 with the developer; vibrating member 50 for vibrating the developing blade 46; and control member for controlling a drive condition of the vibrating means 50 according to a printing ratio of the image formed.
US07773915B2
An image forming apparatus having a plurality of image bearing members, a plurality of colored toner developing units, and a transparent toner developing unit. Each colored toner developing unit has a developer bearing member. The rotational direction of the developer bearing members of the colored toner developing units is opposite to the rotational direction of the corresponding image bearing member, and the rotational direction of the developer bearing member of the transparent toner developing unit is the same as the rotational direction of the corresponding image bearing member.
US07773914B2
An image forming apparatus includes a rotating member, a motor configured to rotate the rotating member, and a marking member having primary and secondary portions. The image forming apparatus also includes a mark sensor configured to detect the primary and secondary portions, and output a primary signal and a secondary signal, and a position sensor configured to determine a rotational position of the rotating member based on a primary reception time of one of the primary and secondary signals that comes immediately after the other of the primary and secondary signals when the position sensor receives the other of the primary and secondary signals at a start of a mark detecting operation. Further, the image forming apparatus includes a motor controller configured to control the motor based on the recognition result and make the rotational position consistent with a target position at a predetermined time during the mark detecting operation.
US07773913B2
An image forming apparatus includes first and second image forming units each including a charging device and a development device using a developer including a mixture of toner and carrier, a transfer device for serially transferring toner images onto a transfer medium, a replenishment device for replenishing a replenishing developer including a mixture of toner and carrier to each development device, and a discharge device for discharging the developer. The second image forming unit is disposed on a downstream side of the first image forming unit in a transfer medium travel direction. Each development device of the first and second image forming units is configured to recover a residual transfer toner remaining on each image bearing member. A weight percent of carrier in the replenishing developer to be replenished to the development device of the second image forming unit is larger than that of the first image forming unit.
US07773907B2
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a rotatable transfer roller, a contact separation unit, a driving force transmission portion, a cleaning member, and a control portion. The cleaning member cleans the transfer roller in: (i) a first mode in which the transfer roller rotates with a first peripheral velocity difference while the transfer roller is in contact with the image bearing member, and (ii) a second mode in which the transfer roller rotates with a second peripheral velocity difference while the transfer roller is separated from the image bearing member. The control portion controls a voltage applied to the cleaning member such that a value of the voltage in the first mode or the second mode, which has a smaller peripheral velocity difference between the first peripheral velocity difference and the second peripheral velocity difference, is smaller than the value of the voltage in the other mode.
US07773903B2
A mode-switching device of a control panel is operated to control the operating status of the control panel to be switched between a first operating mode and a second operating mode. The mode-switching device includes a foldable plate, a triggering element and a switch device. The foldable plate includes a rotating shaft and a rotating arm. The rotating arm has a cam adjacent to the connecting portion between the rotating shaft and the rotating arm. The cam has a first arc surface, a second arc surface and a rotating center. A first distance between the first arc surface and the rotating center is less than a second distance between the second arc surface and the rotating center. The triggering element is disposed adjacent to the cam. The switch device is disposed on a control circuit board and under the triggering element.
US07773897B2
An area signal generation unit and a logical operation circuit control a dot pattern forming unit which forms a dispersed dots image by dispersing dot developer images each having the area of at least one dot, so as not to form a dot pattern in the area of a patch image to be formed by a patch image forming unit or the sensing area of the patch image. An image forming apparatus capable of avoiding the influence of a dispersed dots image on a patch image with suppressing nonuniformity caused by a line-like image when forming a patch image for color stabilization control, is provided.
US07773890B2
A toner supplier, including a toner container configured to contain a toner, an air discharger configured to discharge air from a bottom of the toner container to form a fluidized toner, a detector configured to detect usage information of the toner contained in the toner container, and a communicator configured to send and receive the usage information. The communicator is configured to communicate with an image forming apparatus connected to the toner supplier and a controller connected to the toner supplier.
US07773889B2
An image forming apparatus can be so set as to allow or not to allow a low price consumable cartridge to operate with it. It can take a status where “00” is stored in the apparatus status recording memory thereof that allows it to be loaded with an ordinary toner cartridge or a low price toner cartridge supplied by the same manufacturer such that it operates normally when it is loaded with an ordinary toner cartridge but only limitedly when loaded with a low price toner cartridge and a status where 01 is stored in the apparatus status recording memory thereof so that it operates normally regardless if it is loaded with an ordinary toner cartridge or a low price toner cartridge.
US07773888B2
A maintenance system for image forming apparatuses, which make it possible to acquire appropriate maintenance information even when an exceptional trouble has occurred in an image forming apparatus, to thereby reduce maintenance time and maintenance costs. When an abnormal image occurs in an image forming apparatus connected to a host computer via a network, the image forming apparatus transmits image data of the abnormal image together with supplementary information. The host computer receives the abnormal image data and the supplementary information, and adds these to a database in an HDD. When a transmission request is received from the image forming apparatus, the host computer transmits abnormal image data and supplementary information stored in the HDD to the image forming apparatus. The image forming apparatus receives the abnormal image data and the supplementary information, and displays these on a display unit.
US07773886B2
In an optical fiber communication system, the input power to an all-optical nonlinear device in an optical regenerator is monitored and adjusted such that the regenerator operates at an optimized operation point.
US07773885B2
A system and method for detecting and correcting for thermal shifting of the passbands of an input filter of an optical receiver relative to the passbands of an output of an optical device, such as an optical router, where the router and the receiver are operating at remote locations and at different operating temperatures that cause thermal drifting of the passbands. In one implementation RF signals are impressed on optical signals transmitted by a transmitter to the optical router. Different frequency RF signals are impressed on each of the optical signals and the receiver uses the detected RF frequencies to cancel portions of optical signals that have drifted into adjacent passbands at the optical receiver. In another implementation a mechanically adjustable filter is employed at the receiver which is used to achieve a needed degree of shifting of the receiver passbands to compensate for passband misalignment between the router and the receiver. In another implementation multiple receive channels are employed for each router passband. The various described implementations allow for detecting and correcting of thermal misalignment between the router and receiver passband without the need for controlling the temperature of the router.
US07773877B2
The present invention discloses a method for handling channel failures in an Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON). When a channel alarm occurs, the head service node decides whether the channel alarm is incurred by a channel failure according to the alarm message or alarm information. If so, the head and end service nodes continue to locate whether the channel failure is inside or outside the network by combining local detection and message notification. If the channel failure is an internal failure, rerouting is activated to locate and remove the channel failure. When this method is used to locate a channel failure, the amount of information exchanged is small. The method may quickly identify the accurate position of a failure inside the network, improve the efficiency in removing failures, and minimize the damages to services, with little harm to equipment functioning and network performance.
US07773876B2
A novel digital camera module includes an image capture device, a lens unit, a housing including an opening for receiving the lens unit and positioning the lens unit with respect to the image capture device, and a boot coupled the lens unit and the housing. In a particular embodiment, the boot includes an upper end and a lower end, each of which has a different outer perimeter. In another particular embodiment, a portion of the inner surface of the boot remains free of contact from the outer surface of the lens unit. In another particular embodiment, the lower end of the boot extends beyond the lower end of the lens unit.
US07773867B2
A hot melt adhesive hose assembly has a hot melt adhesive hose core, and a pair of heater circuits wrapped around the external peripheral surface of the hose core. A first one of the heater circuits is electrically connected to the hose assembly electrical circuitry, and should a failure occur within the first one of the heater circuits, an electrical switch mechanism is actuated so as to effectively remove the first, failed heater circuit from the hose assembly electrical circuitry, and substantially simultaneously, electrically connect the second one of the heater circuits to the hose assembly electrical circuitry.
US07773865B2
An assembly for conducting and tempering a fluid includes at least one connector having at least three outlets/intakes. A hose is attached to a first one of the outlets/intakes of the at least one connector. A tempering device is arranged inside a cavity of the hose and extends outside the hose through a second one of the outlets/intakes of the connector positioned approximately opposite the first outlet/intake. Fluid is conducted in the cavity of the hose between the outer wall of the hose and the tempering device. A third one of the outlets/intakes of the connector communicates with the cavity of the hose. The hose and tempering device are each connected to the connector by either a form-fitting or material-to-material connection.
US07773863B2
A data decoding device for decoding a compressed and coded data includes: an inverse multiplexing part configured to separate compressed and coded data into a plurality of unit data, then separated, from the unit data, more than one type of a data pack, and adding a tag such that the data pack can be identified as separating from the same unit data; and a decoding part configured to monitor the tag, while carrying out decoding of the data pack separated from the same unit data for each unit of the unit data.
US07773852B2
A video processing apparatus retrieves highlight data from video data of DVD video standards and analyzes its highlight data and acquires a display position of a highlight on a display screen. Further, the video processing apparatus analyzes predetermined on screen display data and acquires a display position of on screen display on the display screen. Then, the video processing apparatus displays the on screen display on the display screen so as not to overlap with menu items of a main menu screen on which the highlight is overlaid by controlling the display position of the on screen display so as to differ from the display position of the highlight.
US07773851B2
A compact optical splitter module is disclosed. One type of compact optical splitter module is a planar attenuated splitter module that includes a branching waveguide network having j≧1 50:50 splitters that form up to n≦2j output waveguides having associated n output ports, wherein only m
US07773850B2
A cable slack manager for managing cable slack comprises two or more spaced apart cable management members rotatable between a first stored position and a second deployed position. At least one arm releasably securable to a cable management assembly (e.g., a rack or data cabinet) may carry the two or more spaced apart cable management members, which may exhibit a round or C-shaped configuration. The cable slack manager may optionally comprise a base mountable to the cable management assembly, with the at least arm securable to the base.
US07773843B2
Bi-directional tap assemblies for two-way fiber topologies are disclosed. The assembly includes a fiber-optic cable having a cable optical fiber adapted to carry bi-directional optical signals and that is preterminated at a mid-span location to form at least one first cable fiber end and at least one second cable fiber end. First and second tether fibers are respectively spliced to the first and second cable fiber ends. In one version of the assembly, the tether fibers are contained in respective first and second tether covers to form first and second tethers that extend in opposite directions from the tap point. In another version of the assembly, the tether fibers are bend-insensitive fibers and are contained in a single tether cover to form a single tether. The tether fibers bend back on themselves within the tether cover and terminate at a common end of the tether, thereby allowing both downstream and upstream optical signals to be accessed at the tether end. The single tether is configured to be translateable along the fiber-optic cable by allowing the bend locations in the bend-insensitive fibers to change as the tether is translated.
US07773842B2
A distributed optical structure comprises a set of diffractive elements. Individual diffractive element transfer functions collectively yield an overall transfer function between entrance and exit ports. Diffractive elements are defined relative to virtual contours and include diffracting region(s) altered to diffract, reflect, and/or scatter incident optical fields (altered index, surface, etc). Element and/or overall set transfer functions (amplitude and/or phase) are determined by: longitudinal and/or angular displacement of diffracting region(s) relative to a virtual contour (facet-displacement grayscale); longitudinal displacement of diffractive elements relative to a virtual contour (element-displacement grayscale); and/or virtual contour(s) lacking a diffractive element (proportional-line-density gray scale). Optical elements may be configured: as planar or channel waveguides, with curvilinear diffracting segments; to support three-dimensional propagation with surface areal diffracting segments; as a diffraction grating, with grating groove or line segments.
US07773839B2
A method of providing dispersion compensation includes providing a dispersion signal indicative of an amount of dispersion for at least one channel of a multi-channel optical signal. A dispersion compensator is controlled in accordance with the dispersion signal to optically compensate for the dispersion of the optical signal.
US07773836B2
Systems and methods for configuring an integrated transceiver are disclosed. In one embodiment, very small form factor transceivers can be configured to allow 10 G optical interconnects over distances up to 2 km. Transceiver circuitry can be integrated on a single die, and be electrically connected to a transmitter such as a laser-diode and a receiver such as a photo-diode. In one embodiment, the laser and photo diodes can be edge-operating, and be mounted on the die. In one embodiment, one or both of the diodes can be surface-operating so as to allow relaxation of alignment requirement. In one embodiment, one or both of the diodes can be mounted on a submount that is separate from the die so as to facilitate separate assembly and testing. In one embodiment, the diodes can be optically coupled to a ferrule via an optical coupling element so as to manage loss in certain situations.
US07773835B2
This invention relates to a coating material that is applied on organic and/or inorganic surfaces and that can detain moisture and easily release the moisture that is detained after a certain time, and a fiber optic sensor (1) where this coating is utilized.
US07773834B2
A polarizing film is made of multilayer polarizing fibers embedded within a matrix. The fibers are formed with layers of at least a first and a second polymer material. Layers of the first polymer material are disposed between layers of the second polymer material. At least one of the first and second polymer materials is birefringent. In some embodiments the thickness of the layers of at least one of the materials varies across the fiber, and may include layers are selected as quarter-wavelength thickness for light having a wavelength of more than 700 nm.
US07773829B1
Image-centric rulers are described, including a method comprising detecting a position of a pointer relative to an image, drawing a ruler extending outward approximately from the position of the pointer, and moving the ruler in response to detecting a movement of the pointer.
US07773824B2
The present invention relates to a signal processing apparatus and a method, a recording medium, and a program, in which portions except an edge can be smoothed while the edge whose change in pixel value is steep is held correctly. A pixel of attention is determined in step S11, and a neighboring pixel is determined in step S12. In step S13, a difference in pixel values between the pixel of attention and each neighboring pixel is calculated. In step S14, according to a relationship in size between the difference and a threshold value ε., flags are raised for the neighboring pixel and a neighboring pixel which are symmetrical. Furthermore, a flag is also raised for a neighboring pixel away from, in view of the pixel of attention, the symmetrical neighboring pixel for which the flag is raised. In step S15, 7-pixel taps centered around the pixel of attention are averaged by weight. However, with respect to the neighboring pixel for which the flag is raised, the pixel value is replaced by that of the pixel of attention C, and is calculated. The present invention can be applied to a video camera, a television receiver, etc.
US07773819B2
Multi-resolution images of a reference image and a target image are generated. Then, whole-range matching is performed on an image of a lower resolution to detect a two-dimensional displacement between the images. Block matching is performed on an image of a higher resolution to detect a displacement at each feature point. The accuracy of motion data is increased by correcting the motion data with an image of a higher resolution by using the previously calculated motion data of the lowest resolution through higher resolutions as an initial value.
US07773816B2
An embodiment of a method for decoding large images performed by a processing unit, comprises the following steps. A compressed bit stream of a minimum code unit (MCU) of an image is acquired. The acquired bit stream is decoded by performing a first stage of a image decoding procedure to generate a temporary decoding result of the acquired bit stream. It is determined whether the MCU requires display. If so, the generated temporary decoding result is decoded by performing a second stage of the image decoding procedure to generate display data of the acquired bit stream. The temporary decoding result of the acquired bit stream is utilized to decode another MCU of the bit stream.
US07773813B2
Systems and methods are described for detecting capture-intention in order to analyze video content. In one implementation, a system decomposes video structure into sub-shots, extracts intention-oriented features from the sub-shots, delineates intention units via the extracted features, and classifies the intention units into intention categories via the extracted features. A video library can be organized via the categorized intention units.
US07773811B2
A method and system for searching a database of graphical data are described. Embodiments of the invention use accelerated image-comparing techniques based on application of the Levenshtein algorithm for matching or searching one-dimensional data strings to recognizing pre-selected targets in graphical contents of 2D images.
US07773802B2
An image processing system includes a photographing apparatus (1) and a processing apparatus (2). The photographing apparatus (1) includes six LEDs (6a to 6f) for emitting light with characteristics of spectroscopic distributions varied in a visible light area, a monochrome-type CCD (8) which picks-up a subject image that is illuminated by the LEDs (6a to 6f) and is formed by an image pick-up optical system (7) and which outputs an image signal, and a CPU (18) which sequentially lights-on the LEDs (6a to 6f) upon an instruction for photographing a subject spectroscopic image being input from an operating switch (14), picks-up the image by the CCD (8), and thus controls the operation for capturing 6-primary-color subject spectroscopic images. The processing apparatus (2) includes a calculating device (21) which captures the 6-primary-color subject spectroscopic images photographed by the photographing apparatus (1) to create a display signal for color reproduction at the high fidelity level, and a display (22) which displays the display signal created by the calculating device (21).
US07773791B2
A method of analyzing a lesion in a medical digital image using at least one point contained within a lesion to be analyzed includes propagating a wave-front surface from the point(s) for a plurality of steps; partitioning the wave-front surface into a plurality of wave-front parts wherein each wave-front part is associated with a different portion of the wave-front surface corresponding to a previous propagation step; and analyzing at least one feature associated with each wave-front part to classify anatomical structures associated with the lesion and normal anatomy within the medical digital image.
US07773790B2
An apparatus and method for imaging metallic nanoparticles is provided. Preferably, the invention provides for an apparatus and method for detection of gold colloid particles and for accurate reporting to the operator. The apparatus includes a substrate holder for holding the substrate, a processor and memory device, an imaging module, an illumination module, a power module, an input module, and an output module. The apparatus may have a stationary substrate holder and imaging module which are proximate to one another. The apparatus provided for a compact sized system without the need for complex motorized devices to move the camera across the substrate. Further, the apparatus and method provide for automatic detection of the spots/wells on the substrate, automatic quantification of the spots on the substrate, and automatic interpretation of the spots based on decision statistics.
US07773780B2
Systems and methods of authorizing an activity, such as a financial transaction, are disclosed. Authorizing the activity may be accomplished by comparing a biometric sample to a biometric specimen. The sample is stored in a database and includes biometric information corresponding to two physiologically distinct portions of an individual. When that individual later is a person desiring to authorize an activity, he provides a specimen that includes biometric information corresponding to two physiologically distinct portions of his person. A comparison between the sample and the specimen is performed, and if a match is determined then the activity is authorized. If the comparison is performed and a match is not determined, then the activity is not authorized.
US07773773B2
The invention provides a method and a computer program stored in a tangible medium for automatically determining a volume of three-dimensional objects represented in two-dimensional images, by acquiring at two least two-dimensional digitized images, by analyzing the two-dimensional images to identify reference points and geometric patterns, by determining distances between the reference points and the component objects utilizing reference data provided for the three-dimensional object, and by calculating a volume for the three-dimensional object.
US07773770B2
The application discloses various methods and systems to provide substitute or replacement components for media objects (e.g., audio, video or images). The substitute or replacement components can be substituted for or to replace corresponding components when making copies of media objects. One claim includes: an apparatus comprising: a processor; and memory. The memory includes instructions for execution by said processor. The instructions include instructions to: upon receipt of a copy request, determine whether an object to be copied comprises a steganographic signal hidden within at least one component of the object; if the object comprises a steganographic signal hidden therein, obtain a substitute or replacement component corresponding to the steganographic signal; and execute the copy request of the object to yield a copy object including providing in the copy object the substitute or replacement component for the at least one component of the object. Of course, other apparatus, methods and combinations are provided as well.
US07773764B2
A hearing device with a plastic mold arranged in the ear, in other words a hearing device shell or an otoplastic, features a loudspeaker in its interior. A cerumen protection system extends from the loudspeaker to the surface of the plastic mold. In accordance with the invention, a microphone is arranged in the cerumen protection system.
US07773750B2
A multimedia stream head end includes a legacy conditional access (CA) device that fully encrypts the stream using legacy keys. A copy of the stream is sent to a secondary CA device that encrypts only critical packets in the stream using secondary keys to render a partially encrypted stream. The critical packets in the fully encrypted stream from the legacy CA device are obtained and inserted next to the corresponding critical packets in the partially encrypted stream. Thus, only critical packets are encrypted, with encrypted versions being generated by both the legacy CA and secondary CA without the legacy CA knowing which of the packets that it encrypts are “critical”.
US07773729B2
A digital notification and response system utilizes an administrator interface to transmit a message from an administrator to user contact devices having an advertising module and a customer module with translation abilities. The system comprises a dynamic information database that includes user contact data, priority information, and response data. The administrator initiates distribution of the message based upon grouping information, priority information, and the priority order. The message is transmitted through at least two industry standard protocols simultaneously to groups of user contact devices based upon priority information. Once the message is received by the user contact device, the user contact device transmits a response through the industry standard protocols back to the dynamic information database.
US07773724B2
A system for generating an improved diffraction profile is described. The system includes at least one x-ray source configured to generate x-rays and a primary collimator outputting a first x-ray beam to a first focus point and a second x-ray beam to a second focus point. The primary collimator generates the first and second x-ray beams from the x-rays. The system further includes a container, and a first scatter detector configured to detect a first set of scattered radiation generated upon intersection of the first x-ray beam with the container and to detect a second set of scattered radiation generated upon intersection of the second x-ray beam with the container. An angle of scatter of the first set of scattered radiation detected by the first scatter detector is at most half of an angle of scatter of the second set of scattered radiation detected by the first scatter detector.
US07773720B2
A unit for X-ray CT imaging to be set in a panorama X-ray imaging apparatus having a cassette holder has a digital sensor cassette for CT imaging to be set in the cassette holder, includes a two-dimensional X-ray detector for acquiring X-ray projection data for CT imaging of an object, and a controller for controlling a timing of X-ray CT imaging, a radiation field of X-ray beam generated by the X-ray detector, and the rotary device. Alternatively, the unit has the digital sensor cassette for X-ray CT imaging, an image reconstructor which calculates to convert the X-ray projection data obtained with the two-dimensional X-ray detector to a distribution of X-ray absorption coefficients of the object and creates tomographic image data of sections of the object, and an image processor which sends and receives signals for X-ray CT imaging between the X-ray detector and the image reconstructor when the digital sensor cassette for CT imaging is set in the cassette holder.
US07773717B2
In a spent fuel pool of a nuclear power plant, there is provided a system for aligning a nuclear fuel bundle and handling selected fuel rods within the fuel bundle. The bundle includes water rods, full-length and part-length fuel rods extending through a plurality of fuel spacers provided between top and bottom ends of the bundle, each spacer having a plurality of cells accommodating corresponding fuel and water rods. The system includes a bundle alignment system for aligning the fuel rods and water rods, a rod grapple tool to extract selected part-length rods from the bundle, and a fuel rod guide block slidable onto the top end of the bundle for protecting an uppermost fuel spacer of the bundle, and for aligning fuel rods within individual cells of all the fuel spacers in the fuel bundle.
US07773716B2
A fast reactor having a reflector control system is provided which decreases the change in reactivity of the reactor core with time without controlling reflector lifting speed and a water flow rate. The reactor has a liquid metal coolant, a reactor core immersed therein, and a neutron reflector provided outside the core and is moved in a vertical direction for adjusting leakage of neutrons therefrom for controlling the reactivity of the core. The reflector described above is gradually moved in an upward direction with the change in reactivity caused by fuel burn-up, and at least a part of a lower region of the reflector is a high reflection region having a high neutron reflection ability as compared to that of the other region. The high reflection region is located between the bottom and one fourth and one half of the height of the neutron reflector.
US07773710B2
A method and system is provided for improving bit error rate (BER) performance in delay spread fading conditions, such as the fading associated with simulcast systems. BER is improved through novel symbol synchronization that comprises oversampling an input signal and filtering the samples to determine a composite symbol sample point that converges toward the center of the signal's effective eye pattern. The composite symbol sample point may be an average of previous composite symbol sample points and an instantaneous sample point determined based on samples from a synchronization field of the signal. The updated composite symbol sample point may be utilized for future sampling of the incoming signal.
US07773707B2
A tunable narrow band radio frequency (RF) filter (200) includes an RF input (225), an RF output (227), a capacitive network (201-209) for coupling the RF input (225) with the RF output (227) and an inductive network (219-223) for resonating the filter at a predetermined center frequency. A number of semiconductor devices such as varactor diodes (215, 217, 229, 233) are used for tuning respective capacitors in the capacitive network (201-209). A single voltage source (Vc) is used for tuning each one of the respective varactor diodes for moving the resonant frequency of the filter over a substantially wide frequency range.
US07773702B2
A receiver in an OFDM communication system includes a power detector and a gain controller. The power detector detects for total received power of a received OFDM signal, e.g., by computing the power of the data samples from an ADC and averaging the power. The gain controller adjusts the gain of the receiver in discrete gain steps and in one direction, e.g., from the lowest gain state to the highest gain state, based on the detected total received power. The gain controller initializes the receiver to the lowest gain state. Thereafter, the gain controller detects for low total received power, e.g., by comparing the detected total received power against a predetermined threshold. The gain controller transitions to a higher gain state if low total received power is detected and maintains the current gain state otherwise.
US07773701B2
The present invention comprises systems, methods, and devices for detecting the presence of a specified signal type by autocorrelating the signal with a time-delayed copy of itself, by simultaneously crosscorrelating the signal with an expected signal type, and by then comparing the results of the autocorrelation and crosscorrelation to determine whether or not the signal is present and to ascertain its type.
US07773700B2
Channel Equalization of a digital TV is disclosed. In channel equalization for restoring an original signal from a digital TV reception signal having passed through a channel, the present invention includes estimating an impulse response of the channel from a received signal having passed through the channel using conjugate-gradient algorithm, finding an equalizer coefficient in a frequency domain using the estimated impulse response of the channel, outputting a signal equalized by multiplying a signal resulting from transforming the received signal into the frequency domain by the found equalizer coefficient, and predicting to remove an amplified noise of the equalized signal using the conjugate-gradient algorithm in a time domain. Accordingly, the variation of the channel impulse response according to time can be tracked in the dynamic channel having fast channel variation as well as the static channel, whereby equalizing performance can be enhanced.
US07773699B2
A method and apparatus are provided for combining pilot symbols and Transmit Parameter Signalling (TPS) channels within an OFDM frame. The method uses Differential Space-Time Block Coding to encode a fast signalling message at an OFDM transmitter. At an OFDM receiver, the encoded fast signalling message can be decoded using differential feedback to recover information about the channel responses that would normally be carried by pilot symbols. In wireless data transmission employing adaptive modulation and coding, an instantaneous channel quality measurement, independent of the origin of interference for example, neighboring-cell interference, white thermal noise, or residual Doppler shift is provided. Using the correlation between a signal which has been symbol de-mapped, and one which has also been soft decoded and re-encoded, a channel quality indicator is produced. Another embodiment uses TPS data as pilot symbols by decoding TPS and then re-encoding.
US07773698B2
The invention relates to a radio receiver for receiving received signals transmitted by radio. The radio receiver includes a demodulation unit for demodulating the received signals and a first estimating unit for estimating the noise power of the received signals. The demodulation unit outputs the demodulated received signals as softbits and sets the weighting of the least significant softbit in dependence on the estimated noise power of the received signals.
US07773695B2
A circuit for amplitude modulating a carrier signal includes a carrier signal input, circuitry for splitting the carrier signal into first and second paths, circuitry for phase modulating the carrier signal on the first path, circuitry for phase modulating the carrier signal on the second path, and circuitry for combining the phase modulated carrier signal on the first path with the phase modulated carrier signal on the second path for generating an amplitude modulated output signal. Feedback loops virtually eliminate residual phase shift and make the amplitude modulated output signal linearly proportional to the baseband signal.
US07773691B2
Power control circuitry is provided for controlling an output power of a transmitter of a mobile terminal operating according to a continuous time transmit scheme such as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). Transmit circuitry processes a quadrature baseband signal to provide a radio frequency transmit signal. The radio frequency transmit signal is coupled to the power control circuitry via a coupler and processed to provide a feedback amplitude signal. The power control circuitry operates to remove an amplitude modulation component from the feedback signal using a reference amplitude signal generated from the quadrature baseband signal, thereby providing a measured gain signal of the transmit circuitry. Based on the measured gain signal and a target output power, the power control circuitry operates to control a gain of the transmit circuitry such that the output power of the transmit circuitry is within a predetermined range about the target output power.
US07773687B2
A wireless apparatus 1 receives reception quality information, propagation environment information, and block error rate detection information from a wireless apparatus of the other end of communication together with a data signal, and the target error rate selecting unit 7 selects any one of a plurality of tables in which target block error rates of respective ones of a plurality of transmission modes are registered in accordance with propagation environment information. The threshold value control unit 8 controls the threshold value of the reception quality to select the transmission mode by the control amount on the basis of the target block error rate in accordance with error rate detection information. The transmission mode selecting unit 9 compares reception quality information with the threshold value, selects any one of the transmission modes, and makes the selected one into the transmission mode to the wireless apparatus of the other end of communication.
US07773682B2
A time from the start of a reception operation to the output of video, audio or the like is shortened. An OFDM reception apparatus is provided for receiving an OFDM signal composed of a plurality of carriers, comprising a fast Fourier transform section for converting a received time-domain OFDM signal into a frequency-domain OFDM signal, an equalization section for performing waveform equalization with respect to the frequency-domain OFDM signal, and outputting the waveform-equalized OFDM signal, and a modulation scheme estimating section for estimating a modulation scheme for a plurality of carriers constituting the waveform-equalized OFDM signal based on signal points of the plurality of carriers, and outputting an obtained estimation result. The OFDM reception apparatus performs a process for obtaining transmitted information with respect to the received OFDM signal, depending on the estimation result.
US07773680B2
System performance in wireless communication is improved by increasing diversity in time, space and frequency. Information to be transmitted is processed by a convolution encoder to produce encoded bits. The encoded bits are interleaved and mapped to subcarriers. Symbols are created from the subcarriers and the symbols are transmitted so as to increase diversity in time, space and frequency. Circulation transmission in addition to interleaving is used to increase diversity. For example, circulation transmission can be symbol based or subcarrier based.
US07773678B2
In a method for reducing the dynamic range of a multicarrier transmission signal (12′) which is formed in a transmitter and is composed of two or more carriers, the various signal structure timings of the carriers are determined. A delay unit (100; D0, D1, . . . , DN-1) is then used to set a delay profile between the signal structure timings of various carriers, in such a manner that the signal structures of different carriers or substructures of them are not aligned in time with respect to one another.
US07773677B2
Image block error concealing apparatus and methods in a mobile communication system can improve a picture quality. When a pixel/block has an error, a motion vector is generated by fast-motion-estimating a preceding frame and a subsequent frame, and the error-generated pixel/block can be restored using the motion-compensated pixel/block. Filtering can be performed by selecting first or second filters (e.g., an adaptive weight sum and an average sum) according to a difference value between the restored pixel/block and an average value of adjacent pixels/blocks, to refine the restored pixel/block.
US07773670B1
A method of content adaptive encoding video is disclosed. The method comprises segmenting video content into segments based on predefined classifications or models. Examples of such classifications include action scenes, slow scenes, low or high detail scenes, and brightness of the scenes. Based on the segment classifications, each segment is encoded with a different encoder chosen from a plurality of encoders. Each encoder is associated with a model. The chosen encoder is particularly suited to encoding the unique subject matter of the segment. The coded bit-stream for each segment includes information regarding which encoder was used to encode that segment. A matching decoder of a plurality of decoders is chosen using the information in the coded bitstream to decode each segment using a decoder suited for the classification or model of the segment. If scenes exist which do not fall in a predefined classification, or where classification is more difficult based on the scene content, these scenes are segmented, coded and decoded using a generic coder and decoder.
US07773666B2
Using DSL modems as data collectors, the modems processes the data to, for example, allow easier interpretation of the line characteristics. In particular, the modems postprocess the data including calibration, filter compensation, determination of the SNR medley from the bits and gains tables and rate conversion. The interpretation process uses the postprocessed data and determines loop characterization, interferer detection, a data reduction estimation and a data rate estimation. The outputs of these determinations least allow for the characterization of the line conditions between the two modems.
US07773663B2
A communication apparatus including: a despreading section despreading a reception signal with a spreading code defined in one communication system; a decoding section decoding the reception signal despread by the despreading section; and a first occupation detection section correlatively detecting an occupation state of a communication band with a preamble code defined in the communication system; and a second occupation detection section correlatively detecting an occupation state of a communication band of a signal of another communication system, the signal being expected to arrive as an interference wave, with a preamble code defined in the another communication system.
US07773641B2
An optically pumped disk type solid state laser oscillator includes: a cylindrical shape thin film laser gain medium having a through-hole; a ring mirror whose surface is opposing to a side surface of the thin film laser gain medium; a conical mirror arranged in the through-hole and reflects a light from the ring mirror to a direction perpendicular to the thin film laser gain medium where an output mirror is arranged. The ring mirror, the conical mirror and the output mirror compose a resonator for oscillating a laser beam to be outputted from the output mirror.
US07773638B2
A transmission device which selects all or a part of streams from among input streams and then transmits the selected streams, and includes a measuring section and an output control signal generating section. The measuring section inputs an output timing reference signal and an output reference clock required in outputting a stream, detects a time when the output timing reference signal indicates the start of output, and predicts a period in which an output transmission clock to be generated is to be paused. The output control signal generating unit N-frequency-divides (N is an integer of 2 or more) an output reference clock, generates an output transmission clock, and outputs an output timing signal having a predetermined phase correlation with an output transmission clock.
US07773637B2
A method and apparatus for simplifying a structure needed to delay data in delay units when a reference signal and data are transmitted by using chaotic signals are provided. The method includes delaying data by at least two delay times, wherein each of the delay times occurs sequentially; multiplexing the data, which has been delayed, according to a control signal; and transmitting the data and a reference signal which corresponds to the data at an interval of delay time. The apparatus includes a first delay unit which is configured to delay data for a first delay time; a second delay unit which is configured to delay the data output from the first delay unit for a second delay time; and a multiplexer which is configured to multiplex the data from the first and second delay units according to a control signal.
US07773635B2
Resources of two frequency division duplex (FDD) frequency bands at a distance from each other are allocated for transmissions by a time division duplex (TDD) transmission method. The resources in the first FDD frequency band are allocated for FDD transmissions in the uplink and for TDD transmissions predominantly in the uplink as the primary transmission direction, and in a secondary manner in the downlink as the secondary transmission direction. The resources in the second FDD frequency band are allocated for FDD transmissions in the downlink and for TDD transmissions predominantly in the downlink as the primary transmission direction and in a secondary manner in the uplink as the secondary transmission direction. No resources are allocated for time periods of an allocation of resources for one of the secondary transmission directions in the first and second frequency bands, for FDD transmissions in the counter transmission direction to this secondary transmission direction.
US07773634B1
Media and methods are provided for constructing data structures associating data segments in packets with reference identifiers to optimize bandwidth usage within a network during transmission. In one embodiment, a data structure is initialized to contain no data. A minimum length of a data segment to be examined is determined. For each packet in the transmission, data segments of the packet are examined. Data segments are added to the data structure as necessary. Examination is repeated along with an appropriate addition until the packet contains less data than a segment of the minimum length and further continued until all packets are examined. The data structure is constructed associating the portions of the packet and respective reference identifiers. In certain embodiments, the count can be a total count of frequently occurring segments, the count of unique segments or the count of packets containing unique segments. In other embodiments, the construction is accomplished by a compression library. In still other embodiments, one or more filtering criteria are added to the process to optimize efficiency. Embodiments are described where packet size, packet source, packet destination or proportion of alpha-numeric characters are used as the filtering criteria.
US07773631B2
A wireless communication system and method is provided for the transfer and processing of data in accordance with specialized data transfer protocols while utilizing conventional base station equipment. For example, the wireless communication system may include a subscriber station that provides for the modification of data packets in accordance with a proprietary protocol and the addressing of the modified data packets to a server. The server is adapted to reconstruct the data packets for transmission to other local subscriber stations or to a packet-switched network. In additional embodiments, the base station itself rather than a server operates to reconstruct the data packets.
US07773620B2
Provided are a method, system, and program for identifying overrun conditions in data reception, for example. As a receive buffer approaches capacity, received data packets may be truncated to a smaller size. For example, header information may be saved but payload data discarded. The truncated packets may be used to facilitate sending acknowledgments to trigger resending of lost or dropped packets.
US07773616B2
Systems and methods for communicating on a richly-connected multiprocessor computer system using a pool of buffers for dynamic association with a virtual channel. Packets are communicated in a multiprocessor computer system having a large plurality of processing nodes interconnected by a defined interconnection topology, in which a communication from a source processing node to a target processing node may pass through one or more intermediate nodes en route to the target processing node. A set of virtual channels is associated for each link in the interconnection topology. A first subset of buffers is dedicated for fixed correspondence to virtual channel identifiers, and a second subset of buffers is dedicated for dynamic allocation and assignment to virtual channels.
US07773613B2
A switch 1 having a tag VLAN function includes a plurality of physical ports P1, P2 . . . , and adds an ID tag unique to each physical port to the header of a packet received by the physical port and sends the packet, and on the other hand, refers to an ID tag attached to a packet received from a GW 2 and sends the packet to a physical port corresponding to the ID tag. The GW 2 searches for a server address corresponding to the ID tag attached to the packet received from the switch 1 and modifies a destination address of the packet into the server address. In addition, the GW 2 attaches an ID tag corresponding to a source address of the packet received from the shared server 3 to the received packet, and modifies the source address of the packet into a GW address.
US07773609B2
An overlay network system comprises an overlay network composed of a plurality of nodes and a plurality of sub-overlay networks each of which is composed of a subset of the plurality of nodes and which are hierarchized. The overlay network is managed as a 0th-level sub-overlay network at the highest hierarchical level. Each of the plurality of sub-overlay networks is allocated a sub-overlay network ID whose number of bits corresponds to the hierarchical level of the network. The high-order one or more bits in the sub-overlay network ID also indicate the sub-overlay network ID of a sub-overlay network at the high hierarchical level corresponding to the number of the one or more bits.
US07773604B2
A hardware-based policy engine that employs a policy cache to process packets of network traffic. The policy engine includes a stream classifier that associates each packet with at least one action processor based on data in the packet, and the action processor further acts on the packets based on the association determined by the stream classifier.
US07773603B2
A packet communication system includes a first communication apparatus and a second communication apparatus. The first communication apparatus generates one or more data packets each having its data volume not more than a prescribed data volume, and transmits the generated data packets to the second communication apparatus. The second communication apparatus receives the data packet transmitted from the first communication apparatus, in order of transmission. The first communication apparatus generates the data packets to be transmitted to the second communication apparatus such that one of the data packets to be last transmitted is a short packet having its data volume less than the prescribed data volume, and each of the data packets other than the data packet to be last transmitted has its data volume equal to the prescribed data volume. The second communication apparatus determines whether or not the data packet received each time is a short packet. Thereby, the second communication apparatus can determine that the data packet transmitted last has been received.
US07773597B2
A system, method, apparatus and machine-readable medium for stashing an information packet, received by a network interface device, are provided. The method includes i) extracting information from the received information packet; ii) determining the stashing size of the information packet; and iii) stashing the information packet, based on the determined size. The information can be extracted from the layer-2, layer-3 and layer-4 headers and trailers of the information packet. Dynamic stashing results in an enhanced performance of the communication systems.
US07773590B2
Mechanisms for programming and performing combined interface and non-interface specific associative memory lookup operations for processing of packets are disclosed. One system includes multiple interfaces, a content-addressable memory, multiple memory entries and a lookup mechanism. The content-addressable memory includes multiple interface independent entries, multiple first interface dependent entries corresponding to the first interface, and multiple second interface dependent entries corresponding to the second interface. The lookup mechanism is configured to initiate lookup operations in order to produce the interface independent and interface dependent results.
US07773587B2
The invention includes a device and a method for testing a communication network that includes an Internet Protocol (VoIP) network. The inventive device includes a user interface for communicating results of a test, a transceiver for allowing the test device to communicate with a telecommunications network, and a digital signal processor for reformatting a communication signal to be tested by the device. The digital signal processor may include at least one coder/decoder that uses various compression protocols including wherein the digital signal processor uses at least one of the following data compression techniques: G.711a-law, G711μ-law, G.720, G.723.1, G.726, G.728, G.729, G.729A, and G.729AB2. The transceiver also may be a power line modem. The inventive device may include a processor, random access memory, read only memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The inventive method for testing the VoIP network includes accessing a telecommunications network that includes the VoIP network, conducting tests on the VoIP network using a butt set device, and displaying results of the test on the user interface located on the test device. The present invention may also comprise a power line communication VoIP network telephone.
US07773586B1
Configuration data within a Signal Transfer Point (STP) is updated to support a new trunk line in an automatic fashion by a computer system. A user is prompted for a first and second point code for switches on either end of the new trunk line, and the identity of one or more STPs is determined from the second point code. One or more linksets are determined from the first and second point codes. Network configuration data is then retrieved from the STPs, and linksets corresponding to the first point code are determined. New signaling data to support the new trunk line is automatically generated from the point codes and the linksets, and the new signaling data is inserted into the configuration data. The modified configuration data is then stored back into the STPs.
US07773585B2
A method for signaling an Integrated Messaging System (IMS) on an Internet Protocol (IP) based network to deposit a message, including the steps of sending a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) SIP INVITE request to the IMS indicating a message deposit action; receiving a corresponding SIP message from the IMS agreeing to participate in the message deposit action; and sending an SIP acknowledge message to the IMS confirming receipt of the corresponding SIP message; and depositing the message in a destination mailbox. A method of signaling an IMS on an IP based network to retrieve a deposited message, the method including the steps of sending a SIP INVITE request to the IMS indicating a message retrieval action; receiving a corresponding SIP message from the IMS agreeing to participate in the message retrieval action; sending an SIP acknowledge message to the IMS confirming receipt of the corresponding SIP message; and retrieving the deposited message from a mailbox corresponding to known account information.
US07773583B2
To provide a thin client (TC) system at least capable of using a thin client terminal as a telephone terminal in a thin client system. In a personal TC (PTC) system consisting of a PTC server with a server side telephone control section consisting of a call control section, and a PTC terminal with a terminal side telephone control section consisting of a device control section and a voice packet communication section, and a handset connected to the PTC terminal, this is achieved by notifying an IP address of the PTC terminal as an communication target IP address to be notified upon call connection, and notifying the PTC terminal an IP address of a telephone terminal.
US07773572B2
In one embodiment a pico cell may be used to detect a presence of a wireless device and receive a wireless signal from the wireless device. The wireless signal may then be converted from a protocol used by the wireless device to a converted signal in a protocol suitable for use with a broadband connection. The converted signal may then be transmitted over the broadband connection.
US07773565B2
A method for multiple input multiple output wireless communication begins by determining protocols of wireless communication devices within a proximal region. The method continues by determining whether the protocols of the wireless communication devices within the proximal region are of a like protocol. The method continues by determining the number of transmit antennas. The method continues, when the protocols of the wireless communication devices within the proximal region are of the like protocol, formatting a preamble of a frame of the wireless communication utilizing at least one of cyclic shifting of symbols, cyclic shifting of tones, sparse tone allocation, and sparse symbol allocation based on the number of transmit antennas.
US07773563B2
An apparatus and method for determining a vertical handoff for a node supporting a WLAN and an IEEE 802.16 communication system are provided. Reception of a handoff request message from the node is monitored, an expected change in the total throughput of the WLAN in the case where the node is connected to the WLAN is calculated and compared with zero, and if the throughput change is equal to or greater than zero, the handoff request of the node is acknowledged and the node is handed off to the WLAN.
US07773562B2
A wireless communication system, method and apparatus are provided for soft and softer handover of a mobile wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) between two or more base stations and/or base station sectors. A network control unit assigns selected base stations to transmit communication data to the WTRU based on the WTRU being disposed in base station or base station sector geographic range of service. A joint detector (JD) receiver is configured to receive and process one or more wireless data signals in each of a series of timeframes where each signal received within a common timeslot has a unique channel encoding of the same communication data. The JD receiver has a plurality of channel estimators that estimate received signals within a common timeslot and a combiner configured to decode and combine the channel estimates to derive a resultant data signal.
US07773547B2
A method and apparatus for requesting PPP instances from a packet data services network includes a mobile station configured to send an origination message to a packet data service node (PDSN) at which it has arrived upon leaving the vicinity of another PDSN. The message informs the new PDSN of the new location of the mobile station and indicates both the number of dormant PPP instances associated with the mobile station and a service reference identifier for each such PPP instance. A flag within the message may be used to indicate whether the PPP instances are dormant (i.e., whether the mobile station is engaged in a call).
US07773543B2
A method is provided for determining the length of node-to-node links in a computer network. The method includes measuring the forwarding time for each node-to-node link in the network, eliminating queuing time from each forwarding time measurement, determining and subtracting store-forward time from each forwarding time measurement, determining and subtracting execution time from each forwarding time measurement to obtain a propagation time for a signal being transmitted on each node-to-node link and, based upon the propagation time for each node-to-node link, calculating a length of each node-to-node link. A network map may also be derived by identifying internal nodes in the network, translating each store-forward time into a hop count, constructing a connectivity map of the network including a connection map of internal nodes and superimposing the calculated link lengths onto the connectivity map to determine cable length between any internal nodes with more than two connections.
US07773539B2
The present invention provides a mechanism and a method for indirectly controlling a router interface from an optical management system in an IP-optical network. A mechanism is provided for controlling a router interface from a management system indirectly, by using optical equipment as a proxy and communicating between the optical gear and router via a peer-to-peer signaling protocol. The present invention provides a management method that allows separate management systems for the optical layer and the IP layer and a method for managing the network across the domains.
US07773530B2
Methods, apparatuses and systems directed to a network traffic synchronization mechanism facilitating the deployment of network devices in redundant network topologies. In certain embodiments, when a first network device directly receives network traffic, it copies the network traffic and transmits it to at least one partner network device. The partner network device processes the copied network traffic, just as if it had received it directly, but, in one embodiment, discards the traffic before forwarding it on to its destination. In one embodiment, the partner network devices are operative to exchange directly received network traffic. As a result, the present invention provides enhanced reliability and seamless failover. Each unit, for example, is ready at any time to take over for the other unit should a failure occur. As discussed below, the network traffic synchronization mechanism can be applied to a variety of network devices, such as firewalls, gateways, network routers, and bandwidth management devices.
US07773528B2
A packet measuring system and method for sending and receiving a test packet between a plurality of probes located in networks of different protocols. The system includes a packet sending unit for embedding communication information used for a transmission quality measurement in a payload field of a test packet and sending the test packet to an opposite probe, and a packet extracting unit for receiving the test packet sent by the opposite probe and extracting the communication information from the payload field of the test packet.
US07773523B2
A data receiving portion receives data from a network. A filtering portion classifies the data received at the data receiving portion by flow. A condition monitoring portion monitors, for each flow, ACK-number information and SN-number information of the received data. A quality-determining portion determines whether or not a packet loss has occurred and the position of occurrences of packet losses, on the basis of information from the condition monitoring portion.
US07773520B2
Wireless networks are becoming increasingly heterogeneous in terms of the processing capabilities of network users' receiving equipment. According to embodiments of the invention, in a communications network comprising a plurality of receivers with different data reception rate capabilities, data frames targeted to respective receivers may be transmitted to the receivers in accordance with the respective data reception rate capabilities of the receivers.
US07773519B2
A method and system to manage network congestion are provided. In one example embodiment, the system comprises a congestion point queue, a monitor to sample a state of the congestion point queue, a consolidated parameter generator to generate a consolidated feedback parameter, and a feedback message generator to generate a feedback message, utilizing the consolidated feedback parameter. The congestion point queue may be configured to queue messages from a reaction point to a congestion point. The state of the congestion point queue may be reflected by an equilibrium queue level, a queue offset, and a rate of change of a size of the congestion point queue. The equilibrium queue level may represent a particular predetermined size of the congestion point queue. The queue offset may represent a deviation from the equilibrium queue level. The consolidated feedback parameter may be generated to reflect the queue offset and the rate of change of the size of the congestion point queue.
US07773514B2
Systems and methods are disclosed for providing resilient flow control in the context of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and in other contexts. In one embodiment, a method is provided for managing access to a network resource such as a forward access channel. Upon receiving a request from an entity such as a radio network controller to use the network resource, a set of credits is allocated to the entity. Periodically, the credits that have been allocated are reviewed, and revoked if they have not been used within a predefined period of time.
US07773512B2
A bandwidth control method is adapted for use in a network device having a system clock. The network device has a register for storing a transmittable data amount to control bandwidth. The method includes: calculating a number of elapsed periods of the system clock so as to change a counting value every predetermined time interval, the counting value being cyclic within a specific range; adjusting the transmittable data amount in the register by a first unit amount when the counting value reaches a first count value; and adjusting the transmittable data amount in the register by a second unit amount after adjusting the transmittable data amount by the first unit amount and elapse of the predetermined time interval and when the counting value corresponds to a second count value. The first count value is different from the second count value, and the first unit amount is different from the second unit amount.
US07773510B2
A multi-level classification scheme for classifying subscriber traffic at a network node coupled between subscribers of network services and providers of the network services includes two levels of classification. The subscriber traffic is received at the network service node. A first portion of the subscriber traffic is selectively routed from a plurality of first level routers to a plurality of second level routers within the network service node. The first portion of the subscriber traffic is then selectively routed from the second level routers to network applications executing within the network service node for processing.
US07773505B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide packet timing recovery stress testing by generating packet delay variation (PDV) with a uniformly distributed probability density function (PDF). A delay-step method determines a delay for each packet in a stream of packets generated at a regular interval. In the delay-step method, delay-steps are determined for each packet based on delay target values. To generate PDV with a uniform PDF, the delay target values are randomly selected based on a pre-biased PDF which is a uniform distribution that is pre-biased by a pre-bias function. The pre-bias function increases the values of small delay target values so that an increased number of delay target values are at the extremes of the uniform distribution, which causes the delay-step method to result in a PDV with a uniform distribution.
US07773502B2
In a wireless communication network providing voice and data services, one or more entities in the network, such as a base station controller and/or radio base station, can be configured to reduce data services overhead responsive to detecting a congestion condition, thereby increasing the availability of one or more network resources for voice services. In one or more exemplary embodiments, one or more current data services users are targeted for modification of their ongoing data services to effect the reduction in data services overhead. Modifications can include, but are not limited to, any one or more of the following: forward or reverse link data rate reductions, and shifting of forward or reverse link traffic from dedicated user channels to shared user channels. Targeting of users for service modification can be based on reported channel quality information. For example, users reporting poor radio conditions can be targeted first for service modifications.
US07773501B2
The present invention is directed towards systems and methods of routing payload data in a communications system. Specifically, the payload data is routed using a source address. The destination node(s) utilize a dynamically-stored look-up table indicating the source address when the payload data is to be dropped at that node(s).
US07773497B2
Superimposing phantom-mode signals reinforces existing differentially driven DSL downstream signals in a vectored binder of DSLs or reinforces upstream vectored signals in a binder of differentially excited twisted pairs, thus expanding the extra transmission modes of the previous GDSL multi-wire two-sided-excitation invention to the case where coordination can only occur on one-side of the binder. Each pair is treated as a common-mode antenna with respect to earth ground, with some pairs selectively excited at the transformer center tap at the transmit end with respect to a common (earth or chassis) ground reference. Corresponding receivers on other non-excited pairs sense the signals between their center taps and a ground at the opposite ends of the lines to the exciting transmitters. A dual use with hybrid circuits allows the receiving circuit to also have an upstream transmitter and an upstream-sensing receiver on the center tap of the opposite side of an adjacent wire.
US07773496B2
An optical disk apparatus for use with the combination type optical disk medium comprises an optical head capable of accessing the first and second recording layers and reading recording marks, a demodulator for applying a demodulation process to a signal read out of the first or second recording layer, an address converter for deciding from an optical disk reproduction instruction a recording layer to be accessed and performing conversion to a physical address of the recording layer, a reproduction controller following the recording layer determination and the physical address to control the optical head and the demodulator so as to control access and reproduction to and from the optical disk medium, and an instruction generator for generating an instruction to reproduce the optical disk.
US07773491B2
An optical disc recording apparatus records external data on an optical disc by using a semiconductor laser. The optical disc recording apparatus includes a circuit board. The circuit board is mounted with a power supply source and an MCM (multi chip module). The power supply source outputs at least one power voltage including a first voltage, and the MCM receives the at least one power voltage including the first voltage output from the power supply source. The MCM includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit includes at least one power supply circuit which generates at least one power voltage including a second voltage. The second circuit receives the at least one power voltage including the second voltage output from the at least one power supply circuit of the first circuit. An optical disc recording method is also described.
US07773490B2
An optical compensator is included in an optical scanning device for scanning optical record carriers. There are at least two different information layer depths within two different carriers. The scanning device produces first to third radiation beams respectively having different wavelengths for scanning first to third record carriers, respectively. The optical compensator has a non-periodic phase structure through which each radiation beam is arranged to pass. The non-periodic phase structure includes stepped annular zones separated by steps. The zones form a non-periodic radial pattern. The stepped annular zones introduce first to third different wavefront modifications into at least part of the first to third radiation beams, respectively. Radial height variations are included in the stepped annular zones, and are arranged such that non-zero contributions are provided to each wavefront modification by the optical compensator in each stepped annular zone.
US07773487B2
A method is disclosed to determine an optimal optical detector orientation to decode information encoded holographically. The method supplies a matched filter, an orientation image, a holographic data storage medium encoded with the orientation image, and an optical detector comprising a moveable input screen comprising a plurality of detector elements. The method positions the input screen in a plurality of input screen orientations and calculates a correlation factor for each of the input screen orientations. The method determines an optimal optical detector orientation using the plurality of correlation factors.
US07773482B2
A record carrier of a disc-like optically inscribable type, has a preformed track in which an auxiliary signal including a sequence of codes recorded by a preformed track modulation. The codes include a sequence of address codes specifying the addresses of the track portions in which the address codes are recorded and special codes. The special codes can be distinguished from the address codes and specify control data for controlling a recording by a recording device. The record carrier is provided with an extended area preceding a program calibration area. The extended area includes special codes representing additional control information for controlling the recording.
US07773477B2
An optical disk driving unit includes a pickup configured to supply a drive current to a laser unit, and to irradiate a laser beam to an optical disk. A plurality of signal lines are configured to transmit control information of the drive current to the pickup. A pickup controller is configured to control operation of the pickup by transferring control data to the pickup via the signal lines when the drive current is a constant value.
US07773476B2
An aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for reproducing encoded data that includes a data analyzer configured to analyze an encode method of the encoded data to reproduce, a controller configured to receive a seek command and a target time to seek, calculate a seek controlling bit rate according to a part of the encoded data, and compute, according to the calculated seek controlling bit rate, a data size corresponding to the target time to seek, and a decoder configured to skip the encoded data for the computed data size by the controller and decode, based on the analyzed encode method by the data analyzer, the encoded data after the end of the skipped part thereof.
US07773471B2
A recording apparatus and a recording method are provided. Control information is generated by the microcontroller based on the received command. The data preparing unit has a control register and a preparing circuit, wherein the control register is used for storing a set of control register values corresponding to the control information, and the preparing circuit is used for generating prepared data based on the set of control register values and storing the prepared data in the data buffer. The recording circuit records on an optical storage media based on the prepared data. The optical storage media has a lead-in area having a plurality of continuous zones. The prepared data includes a plurality of data to be written into the corresponding zones and the plurality of data are stored in the data buffer in the same sequence as the writing sequence to the zones and are read continuously.
US07773464B2
An elapsed time and remaining time liquid crystal measuring device having a display face around the periphery of which there are a plurality of numerical indicia marks arranged in a generally clockwise pattern with successive numerical indicia marks decreasing in numerical value in a clockwise direction from a twelve o'clock position. An annular ring of electronically generated graphic indicia are visible on the display face and spaced inwardly from the peripheral numerical indicia and a digital numerical read-out display of elapsed times is visible internally of the annular ring of graphic indicia. There is at least one electronic control element for setting a desired elapsed set time into the device, which desired elapsed set time is indicated both on the digital read-out display and as a complete ring or an arcuate section of the annular ring on the display face. There is also an actuator for initiating progressive clockwise disappearing movement of the electronically generated graphic indicia so as to expose decreasing areas of the annular ring in a clockwise direction as time elapses and while the digital numerical display remains synchronized with the graphic indicia until all of the set time has elapsed. Preferably, the device is in the form of a wrist watch.
US07773461B1
Method and apparatus for a tennis watch having a watch-like case containing a central processing unit and an input/output controller connected to the central processing unit, a display driver that takes data from the central processing unit and converts it into the electrical signals required by the alphanumeric display, a program read only memory ROM connected to the central processing unit wherein the ROM contains the operating program for the tennis watch and a clock circuit connected to the CPU. The tennis watch case also comprises an alphanumeric screen having an luminescent background which displays various tennis related data controlled by a plurality of buttons disposed on the watch case.
US07773454B2
A method and apparatus useful to determine the integrity of a cement bond log disposed in the annular space between a casing and a wellbore. The method and apparatus produce a transversely polarized shear wave and emit the wave through the casing and into the wellbore. The transversely polarized shear wave attenuates upon passage through the cement bond log. The integrity of the cement bond log can be determined through an analysis and evaluation of the attenuation results.
US07773448B2
A semiconductor memory device having multiple banks each including multiple memory blocks arranged in column and row directions. The memory blocks are divided into multiple memory block groups each sharing a corresponding column select signal. The memory blocks belonging to the respective memory block groups are arranged adjacently in the column direction. Multiple global input/output lines are separately connected to the memory block groups of the respective banks to transfer data of the memory blocks belonging to the respective memory block groups in a time division manner.
US07773447B2
A memory circuit of the invention comprises N look-up tables for implementing a desired logic function of L inputs/M outputs by partitioning a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells into portions each corresponding to at least a predetermined number of input/output paths; a decode circuit for selecting one of the N look-up tables by decoding a look-up table select signal and for selecting M memory cells to be accessed included in the selected look-up table by decoding an L-bit logic input signal of the logic function; and a select connect circuit for selectively connecting the input/output paths of the M memory cells to be accessed with an input/output bus for transmitting an M-bit logic output signal of the logic function in response to a decoded result of the decode circuit.
US07773445B2
A circuit for determining the value of a datum stored in an array memory cell of a non-volatile memory device having at least one reference memory cell of known content. The circuit has a determination stage, which compares an array electrical quantity, correlated to a current flowing in the array memory cell, with a reference electrical quantity, and supplies an output signal indicative of the datum, based on the comparison; and a generator circuit, provided with an input receiving a target electrical quantity correlated to a current flowing in use in the reference memory cell, and an output, which supplies the reference electrical quantity with a controlled value close or equal to that of the target electrical quantity. The generator circuit is provided with a variable generator, and a control unit connected to, and designed to control, the variable generator so that it will generate the controlled value of the reference electrical quantity.
US07773443B2
A memory array includes a sensing circuit for sensing bit line current while keeping the voltage of the selected bit line substantially unchanged. The word lines and bit lines are biased so that essentially no bias voltage is impressed across half-selected memory cells, which substantially eliminates leakage current through half-selected memory cells. The bit line current which is sensed arises largely from only the current through the selected memory cell. A noise detection line in the memory array reduces the effect of coupling from unselected word lines to the selected bit line. In a preferred embodiment, a three-dimensional memory array having a plurality of rail-stacks forming bit lines on more than one layer, includes at least one noise detection line associated with each layer of bit lines. A sensing circuit is connected to a selected bit line and to its associated noise detection line.
US07773442B2
A complementary field-effect (CMOS) circuit is provided which includes a current-limiting device arranged along a power-supply bus or a ground bus of the circuit. The current-limiting device is configured to prevent latch up of the CMOS circuit. More specifically, the current-limiting device is configured to maintain a junction of the parasitic pnpn diode structure as reverse-biased. A method is also provided which includes creating a current-voltage plot of a pnpn diode arranged within a first CMOS circuit which is absent of a current-limiting device arranged along a power bus of the circuit. In addition, the method includes determining a holding current level from the current-voltage plot and sizing a current-limiting device to place along a power bus of a second CMOS circuit comprising similar design specifications as the first CMOS circuit such that the current through the second CMOS circuit does not exceed the holding current level.
US07773438B2
An integrated circuit including an array of memory cells, volatile storage, non-volatile storage and a circuit. The circuit is configured to sense first addresses of first defective memory cells from the non-volatile storage to obtain sense first addresses. The circuit detects second defective memory cells via the sense first addresses and stores second addresses of the second defective memory cells in the volatile storage and in the non-volatile storage.
US07773437B2
A design structure embodied in machine readable medium used in a design process includes a system for implementing a memory column redundancy scheme. The system comprises a core array having a plurality of columns and a redundancy column each configured for reading or writing a bit of information and circuitry for steering around a defective column in the core array, wherein the circuitry includes one column multiplexor, which results in having the memory column redundancy scheme include one multiplexing stage.
US07773434B2
A delay circuit is capable of securing a constant delay time in spite of a process variation as well as voltage and temperature variations. Using the delay circuit that secures a sensing margin time in spite of process, voltage and temperature variations, a semiconductor memory device is capable of amplifying desired data within a preset RAS to CAS delay (tRCD). The delay circuit includes a delay unit including a current source controlled by a bias voltage, a delay time of the delay unit being changed depending on current amount of the current source, and a bias voltage generating unit configured to divide a power supply voltage using a first resistor to generate the bias voltage, wherein the delay unit includes a second resistor inserted into a current path of the current source.
US07773426B2
Erasing is performed with respect to a nonvolatile memory cell without causing depletion halfway therethrough. A control circuit for reversibly and variably controlling the threshold voltage of the nonvolatile memory cell by electrical erasing and writing controls an erase process of performing erasing to the plurality of nonvolatile memory cells assigned to one unit in an erase operation, a first write process of performing writing to the nonvolatile memory cell exceeding a pre-write-back level before a depletion level, and a second write process of performing writing to the nonvolatile memory cell exceeding a write-back level after the first write process. Since the occurrence of depletion is suppressed by successively performing the first write process with respect to the nonvolatile memory cells which may exceed the depletion level in the erase process, erasing can be performed to the nonvolatile memory cell without causing depletion halfway therethrough.
US07773424B2
A circuit for a nonvolatile memory cell can include a charge-altering terminal and an output terminal. The circuit can also include a first transistor having a gate electrode that electrically floats and an active region including a current-carrying electrode, wherein the current-carrying electrode is coupled to the output terminal. The circuit can further include a second transistor having a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is coupled to the gate electrode of the first transistor, and the second electrode is coupled to the charge-altering terminal. When changing the state of the memory cell, the second transistor can be active and no significant amount of charge carriers are transferred between the gate electrode of the first transistor and the active region of the first transistor. Other embodiments can include the electronic device itself and a process of forming the electronic device.
US07773419B2
In a NOR flash memory device with a serial sensing operation, and method of sensing data bits in a NOR flash memory device, the device includes a multilevel cell, a sense amplifying circuit, a data buffer, a data latch circuit, and a control logic circuit. The sense amplifying circuit serially detects plural data bits stored in the multilevel cell. The data buffer is provided to buffer the data bit detected by the sense amplifier. The data latch circuit stores an output value of the data buffer for a time. The control logic circuit regulates the sense amplifying circuit to detect a lower data bit stored in the multilevel cell in response to a higher data bit held in the data latch. Here, the control logic circuit initializes an output terminal of the data buffer before or while sensing each of the plural data bits by the sense amplifier. According to the invention, a stabilized serial sensing operation can be conducted because the data line is conditioned to a uniform charge level regardless of the level of the data bit previously sensed.
US07773405B2
A magnetic random access memory includes: a first and second wirings, a plurality of third wirings, a plurality of memory cells and a terminating unit. The first and second wirings extend in a Y direction. The plurality of third wirings extends in an X direction. The memory cell is provided correspondingly to an intersection between the first and second wirings and the third wiring. The terminating unit is provided between the plurality of memory cells and connected to the first and second wirings. The memory cell includes transistors and a magnetoresistive element. The transistors are connected in series between the first and second wirings and controlled based on a signal of the third wiring. The magnetoresistive element is connected to a wiring through which the transistors are connected. At a time of a writing operation, when the write current 1w is supplied from one of the first and second wiring to the other through the transistors, the terminating unit grounds the other.
US07773403B2
High density semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same are provided. Spacer fabrication techniques are utilized to form circuit elements having reduced feature sizes, which in some instances are smaller than the smallest lithographically resolvable element size of the process being used. Spacers are formed that serve as a mask for etching one or more layers beneath the spacers. An etch stop pad layer having a material composition substantially similar to the spacer material is provided between a dielectric layer and an insulating sacrificial layer such as silicon nitride. When etching the sacrificial layer, the matched pad layer provides an etch stop to avoid damaging and reducing the size of the dielectric layer. The matched material compositions further provide improved adhesion for the spacers, thereby improving the rigidity and integrity of the spacers.
US07773398B2
A DC power source device is provided which comprises conduction detectors 17, 18 for producing detection signals VP1, VP2 during the detective period of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 and timer circuits 19, 20 connected to polarity detectors 17, 18. Timer circuits 19, 20 count output time of detection signal VP1, VP2 from polarity detectors 17, 18 until electric current through one of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 comes to zero, and turns the other of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 off immediately before termination of the counted time so that timer circuits 19, 20 can reliably turn rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 off during the conductive period of forward current flow for efficient synchronous rectification.
US07773396B2
Method for synchronizing inverter units (INU11, INU12) that are connected in parallel and supply a motor, and a parallel connection arrangement, in which motor is either one winding, which is supplied by inverter units connected in parallel, or a plurality of parallel windings, in which each winding is supplied by its own inverter unit, in which parallel connection one inverter unit functions as a master and the others as slaves, in which method a telecommunications bus is arranged between the units, and in which each inverter unit has its own modulation cycle counter, which are synchronized with each other on the basis of telecommunications messages, preferably serial telecommunications messages. In the invention all the inverter units take into memory the value of their own modulation counter at the termination time of a telecommunications message (Mes2), the master inverter unit sends the reading of its own counter in the following message to the other inverter units, and the other inverter units correct the reading notified by the master on the basis of the readings of their own modulation counters in the direction that makes the counters operate as simultaneously as possible.
US07773394B2
An AC/DC power supply with over-voltage protection includes a voltage converting circuit and a digital latch control circuit. The voltage converting circuit has a first-side winding, a second-side winding, and an auxiliary winding for providing a supply voltage according to the AC input voltage. The digital latch control circuit is coupled to the voltage converting circuit and utilized for latching a voltage level of the supply voltage at a first predetermined level according to an over-voltage protection (OVP) trigger signal, where the voltage converting circuit is disabled when the voltage level is latched at the first predetermined level.
US07773392B2
A primary side is provided with an oscillation circuit arranged to turn on a power switch at a constant cycle. The secondary side is provided with an on period control circuit arranged to output an off signal for turning the power switch off by detecting output voltage and comparing with a reference triangle wave signal. An isolated signal transfer circuit is provided between the primary side and secondary side to transfer an on signal. The primary side is provided with a power switch off circuit arranged to turn off the power switch based on the on signal.
US07773381B2
A semiconductor device includes: a first output unit configured to output a first phase; a second output unit configured to output a second phase different from the first phase, the second output unit being disposed to be stacked on the first output unit; and a controller configured to control the output units.
US07773379B2
A module assembly includes a component housing having a plurality of walls forming a cavity. At least one of the walls includes an opening therethrough open to the cavity. The heat transfer plate is mounted within the opening of the component housing and his exposed on an exterior of the component housing. The heat transfer plate forms at least a portion of a mounting surface of the component housing.
US07773375B1
A computer assembly having a processor integrated circuit, a hard disk drive electrically connected to the processor units and a power supply assembly, powering the processor integrated circuit and hard disk drive. These components are sealed in an liquid-tight case defining fluid channels. Electrical connectors permit connection of the processor to outside devices. Finally, a fan in the liquid-tight case, adapted to drive fluid through the fluid channel, thereby facilitates the movement of heat through the computer assembly and creates a monolithic thermal structure. In one embodiment, the computer assembly is powered by a raw DC power supply input and self manages this power input source to provide consistent and reliable power to the computer assembly without burdening the raw DC power supply during transient conditions.
US07773374B2
A slide mechanism (100) used in portable electronic device (300) is described including a main plate (10), a slide plate (20), two sliders (40), and two guiders (30). The slide plate is installed on the main plate and slidable relative to the main plate. The sliders are securely attached to the slide plate, and the guiders are securely attached to the main plate deformably guiding the sliders to move along it. When the slide plate slides along the main plate, the sliders and the guiders compress with each other, thereby generating deformations therebetween and driving the sliding of the slide plate along the main plate.
US07773366B2
A solid electrolytic capacitor comprising an anode body, a dielectric layer placed on the surface of the anode body, a conductive polymer layer placed on the surface of the dielectric layer, and a housing accommodating at least the anode body, the dielectric layer and the conductive polymer layer, wherein a water-retaining layer having higher water absorption than that of the housing is placed between the conductive polymer layer and the housing.
US07773365B2
One embodiment of a dielectric material may include a metal containing cation and a polyatomic anion.
US07773360B2
Fault protection is provided with fuse saving in a power distribution system. An operating characteristic of a fault protection device protecting a portion of the power distribution system is configured in view of fuse melting characteristics. In this manner, fault protection is provided with fuse saving, when possible, with reduced service disruptions.
US07773358B2
Overcurrent and overload protection for the power output of a pulse-width-modulated digital audio system is disclosed. The overcurrent protection circuitry includes a latch that is set in responsive to output current from the power output stage that exceeds an overcurrent threshold; the output of the latch gates the pulse-width-modulated control signal to block power output for the remainder of the current pulse-width-modulated cycle; upon the end of the cycle, or the beginning of the next, the latch is cleared to enable power output in that next cycle. Overload protection is provided by circuitry including counters for counting the relative number of overcurrent cycles to normal, non-overcurrent cycles, and generating an overload signal to block power output in the event of too frequent overcurrent cycles.
US07773351B2
An object of the present invention is to improve safety of a motor by instantaneously detecting the abnormality of a PWM signal. To achieve the object, provided is a motor control microcomputer for outputting PWM signals to a motor drive circuit driving a motor, which includes an abnormal signal detection circuit and a PWM signal stop circuit. The abnormal signal detection circuit receives inputs of positive-phase and negative-phase signals of the PWM signals, detects that both of the positive-phase and negative-phase signals are at the H level, and then outputs detection signals. The PWM signal stop circuit receives the detection signals from the abnormal signal detection circuit, and stops the outputs of the PWM signals.
US07773350B2
A power converter controller circuit is disclosed. In one aspect, a power converter controller circuit includes a control circuit to generate a switching signal to be coupled to a power switch to control power delivered to an output of a power converter. A timing circuit is to be coupled to the power switch and coupled to receive a feedback signal and the switching signal. The timing circuit is to disable the power switch from receiving the switching signal in response to the feedback signal after detection of a fault condition. The feedback signal repeatedly transitions between first and second states in response to the output when the power supply operates normally. The feedback signal maintains its state when the power supply is in the fault condition. The feedback signal transitions between the first and second states independently from the switching signal.
US07773346B1
A disk drive includes a drive circuitry, a storage disk and a slider. The storage disk has a data surface, and the slider magnetically interacts with the storage disk to transmit a signal between the storage disk and the drive circuitry. The slider includes a leading surface, an opposed trailing surface, a data transducer positioned near the trailing surface, and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element receives a driving voltage from the drive circuitry to adjust a distance between the data transducer and the data surface. The piezoelectric element can form a portion of the trailing surface. The slider includes a slider body that forms a portion of the trailing surface, and a portion of the piezoelectric element can be coplanar with the portion of the trailing surface formed by the slider body. Further, at least a portion of the piezoelectric element can be constrained by the slider body. The piezoelectric element can include an exposed surface that is substantially parallel with the leading surface. The slider body can have an element cavity that completely receives the piezoelectric element. In one embodiment, the piezoelectric element has only one substantially planar exposed surface.
US07773343B2
With a magnetic recording medium, servo pits have to be recorded one disk at a time, which is a problem in that it takes more time and is more expensive. In view of this, with the present invention, at least one signal region whose surface roughness is different from that of other than the signal region is formed on the substrate of a magnetic recording medium comprising a recording layer on a substrate, or on an under layer formed on a substrate.
US07773338B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic disk drive with an enclosure that prevents the low-density gas from leaking out owing to reduction of shrinkage cavities near tapped holes. According to one embodiment of the present invention, an aluminum alloy is forced into the region of the base in which the tapped hole is to be made, by squeezing in the final stage of die casting to form the base. This procedure increases the density of aluminum alloy above 2.7 g/cm3, and the densified aluminum alloy in the region for tapped holes, is free of shrinkage cavities that can cause gas leakage.
US07773337B2
The present invention provides a multilayer tape for simultaneously providing shielding of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and evidence of tampering with an electronic device to which it is applied. The multilayer tape can be attached to an electronic device to cover a seam or other opening in the electronic device. An embossed surface provides evidence of the disruption of the tape, and the tape includes a conductive adhesive to provide EMI shielding. The multilayer tape is particularly useful for sealing the seams of a disk drive device.
US07773324B2
A phase-acquisition (PA) loop for a read channel comprises an accumulator, a comparator, and a filter. The accumulator holds an acquired phase-correction value corresponding to a difference between a phase of a sample clock and a phase of data carried by a read signal, and provides the acquired phase-correction value to a circuit that modifies the read signal to compensate for the phase difference. The comparator receives a reference phase-correction value that also corresponds to the difference between the phases of the sample clock and the data, and generates an error signal that is related to a difference between the reference and acquired phase-correction values. And the filter causes the acquired phase-correction value to have a predetermined relationship to the reference phase-correction value. Because such a PA loop may require significantly fewer samples of a read-signal preamble than prior PA loops requires to acquire the phase between a sample clock and data carried by a read signal, such a PA loop may allow one to significantly reduce the length of the preamble.
US07773323B2
On a magnetic recording medium, M sets of burst patterns are formed along a direction of rotation of a substrate in each burst pattern region. Each burst pattern is formed so as to include two types of burst signal units that have an equal length along a radial direction of the substrate. In a predetermined range, (2M) centers in the radial direction of the burst patterns are present at intervals of (1/N) times the track pitch in the radial direction. The predetermined range has a length along the radial direction of (2M/N) times the track pitch. M or N is a natural number of 2 or higher. The two types of burst signal units are formed of non-recording regions and end regions of the burst signal units overlap in the radial direction in at least one part region of the substrate.
US07773319B2
An exemplary lens includes an active part configured for refracting light transmitting therethrough, an inactive part surrounding the active part, and a collar formed on a surface of the inactive part.
US07773316B2
An optical imaging assembly (22) having cylindrical symmetry, comprising a plurality of lenses having surfaces with curvatures and spacings between the surfaces, such that an optical image formed by the plurality of lenses has a defocus aberration coefficient greater than 0.1 at a focal plane of the assembly.
US07773300B2
An optical filter is provided which includes a plurality of hard coating layers of alternating high and low refractive index provided on a substrate and has an associated first transmission band. The filter also includes at least one additional plurality of hard coating layers including high and low refractive index layers and Herpin equivalent layers sandwiched therebetween. The additional plurality of layers has an associated second transmission band that substantially coincides with the first transmission band, but provides additional blocking at wavelengths outside the first transmission band. Relatively wide transmission bands and high blocking over an extended range of wavelengths can be achieved such that the filter is suitable for use in multiphoton fluorescence systems.
US07773287B2
A method and system for determining specific pixel modulation states of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to print a desired pattern on a substrate are disclosed. The method includes selecting at least one super-pixel in an object plane of the desired pattern, the super-pixel being formed of at least two pixels. At least one edge of the desired pattern crosses a boundary within the super-pixel, the at least one edge being defined by specific slope and position parameters relative to the super-pixel. The method also includes (i) forming an interpolation table to tabulate pre-calculated pixel modulation states and (ii) determining the specific pixel modulation states for each of the pixels in accordance with the interpolation table. Disclosed also are a method and system for providing a spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM includes a plurality of mirrors structured to form groups of super-pixels. Each super-pixel (i) includes two or more mirrors from the plurality of mirrors and (ii) is configured to switch only one pixel of light. Each of the two or more mirrors can be separately actuated.
US07773285B2
A display element that excels in electrode durability. This display element is one having opposed electrodes and, interposed therebetween, an electrolyte containing either silver or a compound containing silver in its chemical structure, the opposed electrodes driven and operated so as to induce dissolution and precipitation of silver, characterized in that of the opposed electrodes, the electrode at a face not lying on an image observation side, after hermetic charging of the electrolyte, is plated with silver with the use of the electrolyte as a silver plating solution.
US07773279B2
An actuator includes: a first vibration system including a driving member having a frame shape, and a pair of first axial members each one end of which supports the driving member so as to allow the driving member to rotate about an X-axis; a second vibration system including a movable plate provided inside the driving member, and a pair of second axial members each one end of which supports the movable plate so as to allow the movable plate to rotate about a Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis; a driving unit including a ferromagnetic member, a coil generating a magnetic field on the ferromagnetic; and a positioning portion that places the ferromagnetic member or the coil symmetrical with respect to an intersection point of the X and Y-axes.
US07773275B2
A method is disclosed to store information in a holographic data storage medium. The method provides a hologram comprising an alignment pattern, and disposes that hologram into a holographic data storage medium during manufacture.
US07773274B2
A method to store information in a holographic data storage medium, wherein the method supplies a holographic data storage medium comprising an encoded focusing hologram and one or more encoded data holograms. The method disposes the holographic data storage medium in a holographic data storage system such that a moveable imaging lens is disposed at an (i)th position. The method illuminates the encoded focusing hologram to generate an (i)th reconstructed focusing image, projects that (i)th reconstructed focusing image through the moveable imaging lens, and onto said optical detector. The method then calculates an (i)th measured focusing metric, and determines if the (i)th measured focusing metric is greater than or equal to the threshold focusing metric. If the (i)th measured focusing metric is greater than or equal to the threshold focusing metric, then the method decodes the one or more encoded data holograms.
US07773273B2
Provided are a method and apparatus for removing show-through of a scanned image. The method includes: performing forward scanning on a medium placed on a glass platen of an image scanner; performing backward scanning on the medium; and removing show-through of a forward-scanned image based on a backward-scanned image.
US07773248B2
A device information management system has a plurality of managed computers connected with devices. Device information of each device is to be transmitted to a requestor upon request thereby. That is, each of the plurality of managed computers has a data spooler that adds jobs in a data queue. The jobs in the data queue is transmitted to the device one by one. An information requesting system transmits a request command that requests a device to return the device information when the number of jobs in the data queue is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Then, an information receiving system receives the device information returned from the device, which is stored in the storage. The stored device information is transmitted to the requestor in response to inquiry therefrom.
US07773247B2
Provided is a document copier having an input transport mechanism and an output transport mechanism linked via a media path, the mechanisms configured to feed sheets of media through the media path. Also included is a print engine located in the media path for printing on media fed through the media path, and a code sensor arranged before the print engine in the media path, said sensor configured to capture images of a sheet surface. The copier also includes a controller for controlling the transport mechanisms, the print engine and code sensor. The controller decodes optical patterns found in the captured images to obtain one or more codes able to identify an electronic source where an electronic copy of the sheet is stored, and to print the electronic copy on a blank sheet of media with the print engine.
US07773244B2
A sensed image is saved in a printer in an environment in which a digital camera can directly communicate with a printer, and the sensed image can be directly printed. A printer and a digital camera (DSC) can be directly connected to each other via a USB interface. Upon this direct connection, the digital camera and printer serve as a print system, and the DSC serves as a user interface in that system. When the user inputs a print instruction of a desired image on the DSC, a print process of that image is executed. When the user inputs a save instruction of a given image, that image is saved in a storage device in the printer. Even when the image is erased on the DSC side, original image data can be prevented from being lost.
US07773243B2
An image forming apparatus judges whether the number of pages to print exceeds the number as a reference to judge whether to print many pages based on the setting of a confidential document print job, when receiving the print job. When the number of pages to print exceeds the reference number, the image forming apparatus ejects printed paper sheets to a housing box having a key unit to lock not to be taken out from the main body together with printed confidential documents. When the number of pages to print does not exceed the reference number, the apparatus performs a private print which starts printing and ejecting printed paper sheets to the paper eject unit after receiving an instruction from a user.
US07773241B2
An image-forming device is configured so that a process to print confidential print data is not automatically resumed after the printing process has been interrupted and the cause of the interruption has been resolved. Accordingly, the printing of confidential print data is not resumed when the user who requested the printing operation is not near the printer during an interruption and another person resolves the cause of the interruption. In this way the image-forming device prevents content of the confidential print data from being exposed to another person.
US07773234B2
Means for measuring a working machine's structural deviation from five reference axes includes a main sensing body bonded with a main axis of the working machine (or controlled to revolve), and a lighting unit set around the main sensing body to circle about the main sensing body with a fixed radius (or the lighting unit radiates a light on the main sensing body from that radial distance and circles along with the main sensing body) such that as soon as the main sensing body has detected an optical signal, it is converted to an error signal informing of the working machine's structural deviation in two or three dimensional displacement.
US07773230B2
An improved condition testing system and method includes a structure including a semiconductor material with a target portion and a second portion. The target portion has a first feature when at least one of the following occurs: an external force is received by the second portion of the structure and an internal condition occurs in the target portion. The system and method further has a interferogram shaped and located to produce a first optical interference pattern when the target portion and the interferogram are exposed to non-invasive illumination and when the target portion has the first feature. Further implementations use a second test interferogram spaced apart from the first test interferogram.
US07773229B2
A Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) spectrometer includes an input aperture for receiving an input light; a collimating lens for collimating the input light into a collimated light; offset establishing means, including at least one grating, for i) receiving and splitting the collimated light into a first light wavefront in a first optical path and into a second light wavefront in a second optical path, ii) establishing an offset in a light wavefront path distance between the first and second optical path light wavefronts, and iii) diffracting and recombining the first and second optical path light wavefronts into an interference wavefront to form an interference image that includes a plurality of phase points of a heterodyned interferogram measured simultaneously over the path distance offset; and an output optics section comprising a detector for receiving the interference image and outputting an interference image pattern.
US07773226B2
Systems and methods for calibrating a web inspection system.
US07773225B2
A device for the optical analysis, including two-dimensional, of a thread or yarn (F) fed to a textile machine, said device comprising at least one light emitter element (3, 4) and at least one receiver element (5), said emitter element (3, 4) generating a light signal which strikes said thread (F) before being sensed by the receiver element (5) which, based on this sensing, defines a characteristic of the thread (F) such as its movement or its stoppage, a dimensional defect or another dimensional characteristic, between said light emitter element (3, 4) and said receiver element (5), there being interposed light transparent means (6) which are encountered by the light signal after it has interacted with the thread (F), and which act as a thread guide.
US07773217B2
A probe of a Raman spectroscopy system has a wavelength and/or amplitude referencing system for determining a wavelength of the excitation signal. Preferably, this referencing system is near an output aperture, through which the excitation signal is transmitted to the sample. In this way, any birefringence or polarization dependent loss (PDL) that may be introduced by optical elements in the system can be compensated for since the wavelength reference system will detect the effect or impact of these elements.
US07773211B2
A method and system as described herein provides for detecting certain anomalies in a wafer. According to one aspect, these anomalies relate to defects or stress that can lead to wafer breakage before, during or after further wafer processing. According to other aspects, the method includes passing polarized light through a wafer and analyzing the transmitted light for any changes in polarization. According to additional aspects, the method includes analyzing the entire wafer in one image capturing operation. According to still further aspects, the light passed through the wafer is below the bandgap for a material such as silicon that comprises the wafer, so that substantially all light will be transmitted through rather than absorbed or reflected by the material. According to still further aspects, the detection operation can be rapid and automatic, so that it can be easily included in an overall processing sequence. According to yet additional aspects, the detection includes analyzing different portions of the wafer differently, for example using different contrast ratios for edge and center portions of the wafer respectively.
US07773207B1
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induced system penalty ε is determined from optical characteristics of an optical wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal that is carried on a network. The method involves tapping the optical WDM signal, separating an optical channel from the tapped optical WDM signal, performing a frequency-resolved state of polarization (SOP) measurement on the channel, and computing the PMD-induced system penalty as ε=AL2+BL4, in which A and B are predetermined parameters and L is an SOP string length based on the SOP measurement.
US07773201B1
A system for testing an optical surface includes a rangefinder configured to emit a light beam and a null assembly located between the rangefinder and the optical surface. The null assembly is configured to receive and to reflect the emitted light beam toward the optical surface. The light beam reflected from the null assembly is further reflected back from the optical surface toward the null assembly as a return light beam. The rangefinder is configured to measure a distance to the optical surface using the return light beam.
US07773199B2
A method and system are provided of using a patterning device. An exemplary method includes defining a first region on a surface, the first region being associated with a first element of the patterning device, defining a second region on the surface, the second region being associated with a second element of the patterning device, activating the first element to expose the overlapping region, and deactivating the second element when the first element is active. The first region and the second region overlap in an overlapping region.
US07773198B2
A device container assembly (30) for storing a reticle (26) includes a device container (246) and a shield assembly (250). The device container (246) encircles the reticle (26). Further, the device container (246) includes a fluid port (254) that allows for the flow of fluid (276) into and out of the device container (246). The shield assembly (250) is encircled by the device container (246). Further, the shield assembly (250) is positioned between the fluid port (254) and the reticle (26) when the reticle (26) is positioned within the device container (246). The shield assembly (250) can inhibit contaminants (278) near the fluid port (254) from being deposited on the reticle (26) and can maintain the integrity of the reticle (26).
US07773196B2
Projection-optical systems are disclosed that reduce OoB radiation doses on the wafer while reducing deterioration of optical properties of the systems. An exemplary system includes a first reflector having a reflectance for light of a second predetermined wavelength, different from light of a first predetermined wavelength, that is less than a predetermined reflectance. The system also includes a second reflector having a reflectance for light of the second wavelength which is greater than the predetermined reflectance. When the reflectors in the system are classified as reflectors having a high percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions corresponding to two different points on the wafer, and reflectors having a low percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions, then, among the reflectors having a lower percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions, the most upstream reflector in the light path of the system is the second reflector.
US07773193B2
A jig for a flexible substrate comprises a glass plate having a concave portion and a plurality of grooves at periphery of the concave portion. The jig further comprises a plurality of fixing elements inserted in the plurality of grooves to fix the flexible substrate to the glass plate.
US07773192B2
A system for manufacturing liquid crystal displays is provided, which includes: a sealant-applying unit for depositing a sealant on one of the two panels having at least one liquid crystal cell area and a cell gap measuring pattern formed outside of the liquid crystal cell area; a liquid crystal depositing unit for depositing liquid crystal material on the liquid crystal cell area and the cell gap measuring pattern; a substrate-attaching unit for receiving the two panels from the sealant-applying unit or the liquid crystal depositing unit, then conjoining the panels in a vacuum state to complete the manufacture of a liquid crystal panel; and a the cell gap measuring unit for measuring a cell gap between the two panels by detecting the spread areas of liquid crystal material deposited on the cell gap measuring pattern.
US07773188B2
An LCD device and a method of manufacturing the same are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method includes preparing first and second substrates; and spraying spacers on the first or second substrate through an ink-jet process, wherein the spacers including both positively charged spacers and negatively charged spacers are sprayed on the first or second substrate, thereby preventing the spots and the deterioration of luminance caused by the movement of spacers.
US07773187B2
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enhance the accuracy in feeding back a common potential applied to common voltage supply lines. A display panel includes a common bus line electrically connected to common electrodes and formed annularly on a periphery of the display region, a common sensing line for feeding back a voltage of the common bus line to a control printed circuit board, a scanning-signal-drive-circuit-use power source line for supplying electricity for driving a scanning signal drive circuit, and a common-voltage-supply-use line for supplying a common voltage to the common bus line. The common-voltage-supply-use line, the common sensing line and the scanning-signal-drive-circuit-use power source line are formed along one side of the display panel to which at least the scanning signal drive circuit is connected. The common sensing line is formed between the common-voltage-supply-use line and the scanning-signal-drive-circuit-use power source line on one side of the display panel.
US07773184B2
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enhance a numerical aperture of pixels. A liquid crystal display device includes pixels which are arranged close to each other without having a signal line in a boundary on a substrate, and a counter electrode, an insulation layer and a pixel electrode which generates an electric field between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode which are sequentially stacked in each pixel. The pixel electrode is constituted of a plurality of electrodes which are arranged in parallel in a state that the electrodes are overlapped to the counter electrode and include portions which are arranged close to the pixel electrode of another neighboring pixel. A conductive layer is provided between a boundary portion of the pixels arranged close to each other and between a layer on which the pixel electrode is formed and the substrate. Further the conductive layer is electrically connected with the counter electrode and a height of a surface of the conductive layer from the substrate is set higher than a height of a surface of the counter electrode from the substrate.
US07773181B2
A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel which has a plurality of data lines, a plurality of gate lines crossing the data lines, and a plurality of liquid crystal cells that are defined by the data lines and the gate lines; a first data driver disposed at an upper side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply data to odd-numbered data lines; a second data driver disposed at a lower side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply data to even-numbered data lines; a first gate driver disposed at a left side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply a scan pulse to odd-numbered gate lines; and a second gate driver disposed at a right side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply a scan pulse to even-numbered gate lines, and wherein at least any one of the data lines and the gate lines has a line width that varies along its length.
US07773174B2
A wide viewing angle compensation polarizing plate of the invention comprises a laminate comprising an optical film (1) that is formed of an obliquely oriented material exhibiting optically-negative uniaxiality, an anisotropic light-scattering film (2) and a polarizer (3). The wide viewing angle compensation polarizing plate can widen viewing angle characteristics both in the lateral and vertical directions with respect to the direction of the normal to the screen when used in liquid crystal displays.
US07773171B2
A display apparatus includes a light providing unit generating light, a display unit displaying an image using the light generated by the light providing unit, a driving unit driving at least one of the light providing unit and the display unit, and a bottom chassis receiving the light providing unit, the bottom chassis having a driving unit receiving recess that receives the driving unit.
US07773169B2
A flat panel display having an improved picture quality is disclosed. In one embodiment, a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode are formed in each subpixel area. The electrodes enclose an open space (gap) such that their outer boundary has a substantially rectangular shape. The flat panel display may also include a capacitance electrode coupled to the second pixel electrode to form a coupling capacitor. In use, the coupling capacitor operates such that a magnitude of a voltage applied to the first pixel electrode is lower than an applied data voltage, and a magnitude of a voltage applied to the second pixel electrode is higher than an applied voltage. The different voltages operate such that a tilt direction of LC molecules disposed above the first pixel electrode differs from a tilt direction of LC molecules disposed above the second pixel electrode.
US07773164B2
An active device array substrate including a substrate, a plurality of pixel units, a plurality of driving lines, a plurality of common lines, an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit, and a plurality of switch elements is provided. The substrate has a display region and a peripheral region adjacent to the display region. The pixel units are arranged as an array in the display region of the substrate. The driving lines are disposed in the display region and the peripheral region and are electrically connected to the pixel units. The common lines are disposed in the display region and are extended into the peripheral region. The ESD protection circuit is disposed in the peripheral region of the substrate. The switch elements are disposed in the peripheral region, wherein each of the switch elements is electrically connected between one of the common lines and the ESD protection circuit.
US07773158B2
The invention achieves a visual processing device that can execute precise contrast adjustment on image signals that have been input and that does not cause discrepancies in the output timing of the image signals that are output. The visual processing device is provided with a gain-type visual processing portion that outputs a first gain signal having predetermined gain characteristics with respect to the input image signal, and a correction portion that corrects the input image signal based on the first gain signal.
US07773157B2
An adaptive digital video signal processing apparatus and method for Y/C separation. In the video signal processing apparatus, an adaptive 2D BPF carries out Y/C separation through comb filtering and bandpass filtering selected according to local characteristics of an image (e.g., based on the direction in which an edge in the image extends in vertical and horizontal directions. The adaptive 2D BPF performs 2D bandpass filtering in general case. The 2D BPF adaptively executes a series of selections of the various filtering operations in a continuous manner.
US07773154B2
An information processing apparatus includes: an information transmitter; a plurality of receivers that receive information transmitted from the information transmitter; a storage unit that stores first information indicating an output destination of display data and sound data, the first information being correlated with and second information indicating ON/OFF states of each of the receivers; a setting unit that sets the ON/OFF states based on the first information and the second information when the output destination of the display data and sound data is switched.
US07773149B2
The image-capturing system comprises a image-capturing module and a plurality of mirrors, wherein the image-capturing module has a lens and a charge-coupled device (CCD). The image-capturing module is located on about the center in the image-capturing system, and a plurality of mirrors are arranged in the peripheral region within the image-capturing system to make the layout of optical path around the image-capturing module. Furthermore, reflectional angle of each mirror can be adjusted according to the requirement for design, so as to obtain the longest optical path.
US07773139B2
An image sensor array includes image sensors having photo TFTs to generate photocurrent in response to received images. The photo TFTs each have their respective gate electrodes and source electrodes independently biased to reduce the effects of dark current. Storage capacitors are coupled to each photo TFT and discharged upon generation of a photocurrent. Each storage capacitor is coupled to a readout TFT that passes a current from the storage capacitor to a data line. The photo TFT may be disposed above the storage capacitor to increase the exposed surface area of the photo TFT.
US07773138B2
A color image sensor includes an array of pixels arranged in a plurality of pixel groups, each pixel group including a floating diffusion that is shared by four pixels disposed in a 2×2 arrangement. Each of said four pixels includes a photodetector and a color filter superposed over the photodetector, wherein a first pair of said four pixels include green color, and a second pair of said four pixels includes either red or blue color filters. A control circuit controls the pixel groups such that discrete image information is generated from each pixel in normal light situations, and such that summed image information is generated from each pixel group in low light situations by simultaneously connecting the green pixels to the floating diffusion during a first time period, and simultaneously connecting the red/blue pixels to said floating diffusion during a second time period.
US07773137B2
An imaging element includes a pixel group that has pixels arranged two dimensionally therein, each including a photoelectric converting unit. The pixel arrangement of the pixel group is m rows by n columns. In the pixel group, a pixel area of an arbitrary two rows by two columns respectively includes a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel and a non-color pixel. A red color signal for a given red pixel is a signal value obtained from the pixel. A green signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of two green pixels adjacently on the right and the left of the pixel. A blue signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of four blue pixels adjacently on the upper-right, the upper-left, the lower-right, and the lower-left of the pixel.
US07773136B2
An image pickup device receives an incident light by way of the color filter that also transmits an infrared light component. For the purpose of correcting an infrared light component contained in an output signal, a control unit adds correcting infrared light components to image signals of multiple colors supplied from the image pickup device, respectively. To remove the infrared light components contained in the output signals, the correcting infrared light components are subtracted from the image signals of multiple colors supplied from the image pickup device. The control unit switches between an addition processing where an infrared light component is added and a subtraction processing where the infrared component is subtracted, according to a predetermined condition.
US07773135B2
An imaging apparatus is provided and includes: a solid-state imaging device; and a correction section that corrects a defective signal contained in image signals output from the solid-state imaging device, the number of defective signals differing in accordance with an imaging condition, the correction section changing a manner of correction in accordance with the imaging condition.
US07773130B2
A signal processing apparatus to be used for a solid-state image pickup element having a plurality of output systems that output video signals obtained from pixels arranged in a column direction includes a subtraction unit that subtracts an amended error value for each column from the video signals output from the solid-state image pickup element. The signal processing apparatus also includes an error value computing unit that shields the solid-state image pickup element from light or irradiates light to the solid-state image pickup element at a constant rate, computes a respective average value of each of a plurality of pixel signals obtained from the pixels in a predetermined region of the solid-state image pickup element, subtracts the respective average value from a respective of the plurality of the pixel signals obtained from the pixels of the solid-state image pickup element, and accumulates values obtained by subtractions for respective columns.
US07773125B2
A microcontroller for an image sensing and processing apparatus is provided. The microcontroller has VLIW processor circuitry, image sensor interface circuitry connected between the VLIW processor circuitry and the image sensor, bus interface circuitry connected between the VLIW processor circuitry and a bus connectable with devices other than the image sensor, and buffer memory and queuing circuitry intermediate the image sensor and bus interface circuitry and the VLIW processor to control delivery of information to the VLIW processor.
US07773121B1
A high resolution CMOS imaging system especially suitable for use in a periscope head. The imaging system includes a sensor head for scene acquisition, and a control apparatus inclusive of distributed processors and software for device-control, data handling, and display. The sensor head encloses a combination of wide field-of-view CMOS imagers and narrow field-of-view CMOS imagers. Each bank of imagers is controlled by a dedicated processing module in order to handle information flow and image analysis of the outputs of the camera system. The imaging system also includes automated or manually controlled display system and software for providing an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) that displays a full 360-degree field of view and allows the user or automated ATR system to select regions for higher resolution inspection.
US07773119B2
A small-sized and highly efficient drive apparatus, an image pickup unit and an image pickup apparatus are provided, by using a polymer actuator that is small in size and has high speed of response and has high degree of freedom for arrangement, and by realizing an actuator having excellent assembly simplicity. By being provided with a polymer actuator and by moving objects to be driven such as an image pickup device, a lens, an image pickup optical system and a lens barrel unit by the use of the actuator, an actuator that is small in size and has the high speed of response, a high degree of freedom for arrangement and excellent assembly simplicity can be provided, which makes it possible to provide a small-sized and highly efficient drive apparatus, an image pickup unit and an image pickup apparatus.
US07773117B2
An image stabilizer includes an image pickup device; a guide device which guides the image pickup device in a manner to allow the image pickup device to move linearly in a plane orthogonal to an optical axis, the guide device and the image pickup device being arranged at different positions in the plane; and a flexible printed wiring board which extends from the image pickup device. The flexible printed wiring board includes an integrally-movable portion which is connected to the image pickup device to move with the image pickup device, and a freely-deformable portion extending from the integrally-movable portion. The flexible printed wiring board is orientated toward the guide device so that a boundary between the integrally-movable portion and the freely-deformable portion is positioned close to the guide device.
US07773114B2
A system and method for converting a film camera into a digital camera uses an electronic device placed in a space of the camera that normally contains film. The device includes an image sensing array arranged in optical communication with a lens of the camera when a shutter is open. An audio sensor is used to detect sounds within the camera, and an acoustic pattern recognizer with a built-in training mode is used to determine if the detected sounds correspond with the shutter operation. The image sensing array is switched into an image capture mode when the acoustic pattern recognizer determines that the shutter is being opened. When the shutter is opened, a read-out circuit captures multiple image frames from the image sensing array. An image processor associated with the image sensing array processes the captured images using advanced image processing algorithms.
US07773113B2
A method of operating a handheld camera comprises causing a sensor to sense an image, supplying predetermined data to an input of the camera via a card on which the predetermined data is disposed, and causing a processing system to obtain the image from the sensor, determine a card image in accordance with signals received from the input, rotate the card image in accordance with a skew of the card with respect to the input, and manipulate the image in accordance with the predetermined data to thereby generate a manipulated image.
US07773112B2
A system and method for automatic measurement of video parameters for a video sequence using a video processor that has a software waveform monitor implemented as an integral part of a video processing application run by the video processor. Each frame of the processed video sequence, either in realtime as processed by the video processor, in near realtime after storage by the video processor in a storage device, or in the background for each video sequence stored in the storage device, is analyzed against specified parameters for legalization and/or color balancing of the video sequence. The analysis results may be reported as a display in several forms—an error image map, an error log, a timeline graphic, etc. The analysis results may also be provided to the video processor for automatic correction of the video sequence when the specified parameters are not satisfied.
US07773104B2
The present invention discloses an apparatus for driving a display in which each pixels of the display receives a driving voltage and a common voltage, and a luminance of each pixel is determined by a difference between the received driving voltage and the common voltage. The apparatus comprises a plurality of source driver chips, each of which receives a pixel value and generates the driving voltage corresponding to the pixel value according to a plurality of Gamma voltages, wherein at least one of the Gamma voltages is generated by one of the source driver chips.
US07773102B2
An apparatus for driving a display device including a plurality of four color pixels is provided, which includes: an input unit receiving input three-color image signals; an image signal modifier converting the three-color image signals into output four-color image signals such that a maximum gray of the input three-color image signals is equal to a maximum gray of the output four-color image signals; and an output unit outputting the output four-color image signals.
US07773096B2
Various technologies and techniques are disclosed that improve the operation of accessibility applications. A graphics pipe is provided that can be called in user mode from multiple accessibility programs. A request is received from an accessibility application to access the graphics pipe, and a connection is established. The accessibility application listens to the graphics pipe for particular content of interest and builds a model based on that content. The model is used to deliver content to an end user appropriately. Screen captures can be performed on at least part of the content and then rendered onto another surface.
US07773080B2
A plurality of organic EL elements which are arranged on a display panel lowers the brightness along with a lapse of light emitting time and hence, the power consumption is increased to maintain the brightness. However, the increase of the power consumption shortens a lifetime of the organic EL elements. To overcome this drawback, a power supply circuit which drives the display panel has a function of controlling an electric power supplied to the display panel to a fixed value or less in response to a detection signal from a detection part which detects a cathode current of the organic EL elements.
US07773063B2
To increase the proportion of the perfects to the whole lot of final products and to reduce the cost for active matrix EL display devices by checking the operation of a TFT substrate before depositing an EL material. A capacitor for testing is connected to a drain terminal of a driving TFT in a pixel portion to observe charging and discharging of the capacitor. Whether the driving TFT is normal or not is judged by the observation, so that the rejects can be removed before the manufacturing process is completed.
US07773047B2
An antenna having an antenna element bent in a predetermined shape. The antenna element has a plurality of line conductors that are arranged in parallel and are sandwiched by two insulation films. A method of making an antenna has the steps of: arranging in parallel a plurality of line conductors, each of which having a width of 0.04 mm or less, at intervals of 10 times or more the width of each of the line conductors; discharging continuously the plurality of line conductors such that visibility of the line conductors is reduced; and sandwiching continuously the discharged line conductors by planar transparent insulation films with a sticking or adhesion layer to have an antenna element.
US07773040B2
A dual-band antenna includes a planar conductive layer comprising a conductive region and a central non-conductive region. The conductive region and the non-conductive region together define a pair of interconnected F-slot structures, and a loop strip structure coupled to and disposed around the F-slot patch slot antenna structures.
US07773039B2
A high frequency wave antenna for an automobile is provided, which improves antenna gain of an antenna conductor provided in a spoiler. A defogger is provided on a rear window glass plate 14, a part of a plurality of heater wires extend in a horizontal direction, a spoiler including an antenna conductor 6 embedded therein is provided above the rear window glass plate 14, at least one of a plurality of bus bars has a bus bar horizontal portion 1H extending in a horizontal direction, the bus bar horizontal portion 1H is provided in an upper region of the rear window glass plate 14, and a plurality of vertical heater wires 2 extending in a vertical direction from the bus bar horizontal portion 1H, are provided.
US07773031B2
An acquisition channel (20) includes a UWB sampler block (21) coupled to an analog integration block (22) further coupled to a digital integration block (24) via an analog/digital converter (23). For each range cell the UWB sampler block (21) repeatedly samples the received signal by tuning the sampling instants to the range cells to be acquired. The acquisition channel (20) is further coupled to a processor (26) and a database (25).
US07773029B1
A system and method for filtering clutter is contemplated that in one aspect performs clutter-filtering on complex-voltages. In one aspect, spectral coefficients identified from a series of spectral coefficients as having been affected by clutter are replaced by a refilling procedure to maintain the statistical properties of the spectral coefficients that are unaffected by clutter. Dual-polarization radar variables that have phase dependence can be subsequently generated from the modified spectral data.
US07773028B2
A system and method are described for generating waveforms for use in radar and sonar systems. The system includes waveform generation circuitry a waveform generator and an up-conversion module. The waveform generator generates concatenated pulse waveforms at an IF band. In a given pulse repetition interval (PRI), the concatenated pulse waveforms comprise a first and second pulse types associated with first and second IF frequencies respectively. The up-conversion module up-converts the concatenated pulse waveforms to an RF band to form first and second sets of pulses. In the given PRI, each pulse is up-converted to a different RF frequency, pulses of different lengths are associated with a similar carrier frequency, and at least one pulse from each of the sets of pulses implements frequency diversity.
US07773021B2
High speed, low power all CMOS thermometer-to-binary demultiplexer. A received signal undergoes digital sampling (e.g., as within an ADC) to generate a signal that subsequently undergoes encoding (e.g., transformation from thermometer encoded data to binary encoded data) and de-multiplexing. Two separate de-multiplexing stages are employed when performing combined encoding and de-multiplexing. In addition, the individual DEMUXs of the two stages are clocked using a distributed clock generation architecture, such that, reset and time-interleaving is controlled on the ADC clock generator. The thermometer-to-binary encoders are placed very close to the input stage which facilitates very fast data rates while consuming relatively lower power.
US07773019B2
A PRA-DAC is disclosed. The PRA-DAC is operable to increase its conversion speed.
US07773016B2
Low-cost switching converter systems are provided which combine analog generation of a current signal with digital generation of a loop error signal that is realized with a control loop that includes a high-resolution, low-bandwidth sigma-delta modulator and a low-resolution digital-to-analog converter. The current signal and error signal are differenced to provide a control signal to the switching converter. This economical system structure facilitates quick and easy digital alteration of system parameters (e.g., loop compensation and voltage reference). System embodiments add a high-frequency analog feedback path in parallel with the control loop to supplement and enhance its control performance.
US07773008B2
A signal conditioning circuit time share multiplexes anti-aliasing filters and an A/D converter. A plurality of first tier multiplexers each time share multiplex one of a plurality of antialiasing filters between a plurality of AC or baseband input signals from a plurality of sensors. A second tier multiplexer selects its inputs from the outputs of the first tier multiplexers. The output of the second tier multiplexer feeds a high speed A/D converter. Thus, the A/D converter is time share multiplexed by the second tier multiplexer. In this manner, a plurality of sensors can share a single A/D converter. After allowing a settling time for the multiplexers and antialiasing filters, a plurality of samples of the input signals are taken, such as for one period. The samples of each AC input signal are multiplied by a sine vector and a cosine vector. The product vectors are then each averaged and the root mean square of the two averages yields the magnitude of the input signal. Mechanical angle of the input signal can be determined based upon the sign of the sine and cosine product vector averages.
US07773001B2
For controlling the DC-content of a Run Length Limited RLL modulated channel bit stream organized in data blocks, control bits are periodically inserted into control blocks which are dynamically placed and sized near the data block boundaries in such a way as to enable independent dk-encoding of the data blocks body and the control blocks. Running digital sum differences are calculated. Control bit insertion is done in such a way that the d,k constraints of the RLL code are not violated, that the encoded dk sequence of the data block body is not altered, and that the running digital sum is minimized by eventually inverting the contribution of the data block body thereto. Compared to the number of data bits per data block, few control bits are sufficient to keep the digital sum variation DSV of the Running Digital Sum RDS small.
US07772995B2
A display system for an aircraft includes a device for controlling the presentation on a head-down screen of primary piloting information during a detected display defect on a head-up display device, which normally displays such primary piloting information.
US07772993B2
An icing detector is disclosed for detecting presence of ice in static air. An exemplary detector includes an ice collecting surface; a light emitter for emitting a light beam crossing an ice collecting surface, having a prismatic light manipulating window for internally-reflecting the light beam when no ice is present on the ice collecting surfaces, and externally-refracting the light when clear ice is present on the ice collecting surface, wherein the ice collecting surface is oriented to cause standing water to be directed away from the prismatic light manipulating window by gravity; a light sensor in a path of the reflected light; and an annunciator coupled to the light sensor for annunciating the presence of ice when light is sensed by the light sensor.
US07772977B2
When multiple readers for RF transponders have to be placed in close proximity, such as in adjacent lanes of a highway toll barrier, they can be set to operate at different frequencies. When signals from two adjacent ones of the readers interfere, the resulting signal includes interference terms whose frequencies equal the sum of the reader frequencies and the difference between the reader frequencies. To remove such interference terms while passing the desired terms, a tag includes a low-pass or other frequency-selective filter.
US07772976B2
The present invention provides systems and methods for locating an entity both within and outside of a structure using an RFID system in conjunction with other location systems and methods. The RFID systems may include a portable RF transmitter/receiver transported by the entity within the structure, a base unit, and a plurality of RFID tags. The methods may comprise the steps of: (a) emitting an RF interrogation signal at constant, predetermined intervals; (b) powering up and emitting a signal containing location data; (c) receiving the location data and broadcasting the location data to the base unit; and (d) receiving and displaying the location data; wherein steps (a) and (c) are performed by the RF transmitter/receiver, step (b) is performed by an RFID tag when the RF interrogation signal is within an effective range of the RFID tag, and step (d) is performed by the base unit.
US07772971B1
Apparatus for alarm data communication with a central alarm-monitoring station having a central station receiver linked to a communications medium involves a remote, premise-protecting alarm system. It has a central processing unit (CPU), at least one sensor reporting to the CPU, an interface for communications with the central station receiver across the communications medium, and at least one user interface for a user to enter inputs to the CPU. The alarm system furthermore has a pro-active verify utility configured to allow a user, after the alarm system has automatically propagated a message to the central station receiver comprising a report of an exception sensed by the sensor, to enter an input through the user interface that causes the alarm system to propagate a later message comprising the user's verification. Preferably the user interface is a keypad, and the pro-active verify utility is actuated by minimal key strokes.
US07772968B2
An alarm system for a vehicle includes a first diffraction raster, a first light source for emitting light to the first diffraction raster so as to form a first diffraction pattern on an object, an image capturing module for capturing the first diffraction pattern, and a control module electrically connected to the image capturing module for determining a relative position of the vehicle corresponding to the object according the first diffraction pattern captured by the image capturing module.
US07772965B2
A remote wellness monitoring system with universally accessible interface consists of an apparatus or home appliance unit running an embedded software program connected to a server computer via a phone line or high-speed internet. At home, the apparatus communicates with an optional set of medical health monitoring devices using wired or wireless communications methods in order to perform wellness measurements. Embodiments of the invention provide a novel user interface on the home appliance to make the system accessible to people with disabilities. The simple user interface is designed to be accessible to people who are blind or deaf or people who cannot use their hands and require an alternative interface device such as a sip & puff controller. The home unit can further monitor wellness activity of the care recipient by pegging the number of times the care recipient passes by an infra-red motion sensor.
US07772959B2
A fuse seat having light-emitting module includes an insulating body, two electricity-conducting pieces and a light-emitting module. The insulating body is arranged with an accommodating space, in which two electricity-conducting pieces are fixed respectively. A fuse is plugged into the accommodating space and connected conductively to the electricity-conducting pieces. The light-emitting module is hidden in the insulating body and is connected electrically to the electricity-conducting pieces, thus a cost-saving effect is thereby achieved.
US07772939B2
An apparatus adapted for easily performing polarization switching is disclosed. Within a second waveguide connected to a first waveguide, there is embedded a polarization transformation circuit in the state rotated relative to the second waveguide at an angle set, based on a reflection characteristic indicating a characteristic of a reflection coefficient with respect to a polarization frequency.
US07772935B2
A power source circuit for an oscillator is provided comprising a multiplexer, a plurality of transmission gates, a plurality of resistors, a current source circuit, and an output circuit. The multiplexer inputs a digital signal and outputs one or more control signals. The transmission gates is individually coupled to the multiplexer and receives the one or more control signals, wherein each of the plurality of transmission gates are turned on or off according to the one or more control signals. The plurality of resistors is coupled in series and individually coupled to the plurality of transmission gates. The current source circuit is coupled to the plurality of resistors and provides a current source. The output circuit is coupled to the current source and provides output power for the oscillator according to the current source and the operation of the transmission gates.
US07772931B2
There is provided an oscillator including: a reference signal generator that generates a reference signal having a reference frequency; a phase comparator that outputs a voltage in accordance with a phase difference between the reference signal and a feedback signal; a loop filter that receives a voltage output from the phase comparator, and gain-adjusts a voltage output from the phase comparator by means of an external control signal; a voltage controlled oscillator that oscillates an output signal at a frequency in accordance with an adjusted signal having been gain-adjusted by the loop filter; and a frequency divider that feeds back a frequency-divided signal resulting from frequency-dividing the output signal, to the phase comparator as the feedback signal.
US07772930B2
Various embodiments are disclosed relating to calibration techniques for a phase-locked loop (PLL) bandwidth. According to an example embodiment, a calibration technique may include calibrating a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) of a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit, and calibrating a bandwidth of the PLL circuit based on the calibrating the VCO.
US07772926B2
In an output stage of an operational amplifier, first and second transistors each provide a collector current under quiescent conditions to first and second current sources. A resistor receives a portion of one the collector currents and produces a resistor voltage in response. An output transistor provides a quiescent current having a value calculated as a function of the resistor voltage and a base-emitter voltage of the second transistor.
US07772912B2
A level shift circuit comprises a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, a level shifter and an equalization unit. The first and second input terminals receive an input signal and an inverted input signal respectively. The first and second output terminals output an output signal and an inverted output signal respectively. The level shifter is connected to the first and second input terminals, the first and the second output terminals. The equalization unit is coupled between the first and second output terminals. Wherein, at a reset phase, the input signal and the inverted input signal are inputted to the level shifter, and the equalization unit is turned on. After the reset phase, the equalization unit is turned off and the level shifter starts to shift a level of the input signal.
US07772901B2
A slew rate control circuit is disclosed. An output impedance buffer and a slew rate buffer are coupled in parallel. An edge detector detects an input signal to accordingly control the output impedance buffer and the slew rate buffer, such that the input signal passes through the slew rate buffer during a rising or falling time period, and the input signal only passes through the output impedance buffer during a stable time period, thereby conforming to specification requirements for the slew rate and the output impedance at the same time.
US07772898B2
The phase interpolator includes two adjustable delays 30 and 31, phase comparator 32 which detects a phase difference between a signal delayed by the adjustable delay 30 and a signal delayed by the adjustable delay 31, an integrator 33 which integrates the outputs of the phase comparator 32 and multipliers 34-1 and 34-2 which set a control voltage for the adjustable delays 30 and 31. The feedback loop comprising phase comparator 32 and integrator 33 controls a delay amount of the adjustable delay 30 thereby securing a phase relation between {ACK1, ACK2} and ICK to achieve a stable ICK phase.
US07772890B2
Various systems and methods for implementing dynamic logic are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments of the present invention provide dynamic logic devices with a logic circuit that includes an inverting output buffer, a logic function, a bias transistor, and a current circuit. An input of the logic function is electrically coupled to a logic input, an output of the logic function is electrically coupled to an input of the inverting output buffer, and the logic function exhibits a leakage current. The gate of the bias transistor is electrically coupled to an output of the inverting buffer, and a first leg of the bias transistor is electrically coupled to the input of the inverting buffer. The current circuit supplies a current corresponding to the to a second leg of the bias transistor. In some cases, an improved performance may be achieved for a given leakage, or a reduced leakage may be achieved for a given performance.
US07772887B2
A signal interface circuit has a signal path for communicatively coupling host circuitry to peripheral circuitry of multiple peripherals. Communication signals in the signal path are of a peripheral signal level. The signal path has electronic components adapted for use in communicating signals between the host circuitry and the peripheral circuitry. The electronic components in the signal path have reliability limits less than the peripheral signal level. The configuration of the electronic components in the signal path allow communication of signals at the peripheral signal level.
US07772886B2
The integrated circuit device (1) backs up the configuration of output terminals (O, SP) of said integrated circuit in low-power mode. To do this, the device includes several voltage level shift units (2, 2′, 2″, 2′″) and an output stage (3) connected to each output of the level shift units and connected to at least one external contact pad (SP) of said integrated circuit. Each level shift unit includes an input stage powered by a regulated internal voltage (VREG) and a part for transferring the state of a specific output function, which is powered by a supply voltage (VDD) of the integrated circuit. Each level shift unit also includes a memory cell at output powered by the supply voltage, for storing the output state of a specific function of the level shift unit in the idle mode of the integrated circuit where the regulated voltage is cut off.
US07772884B2
Provided is a level shift circuit. The level shift circuit includes an inverter including a first transistor having a first polarity to which an input signal from an input port is applied through a gate and a second transistor having a second polarity which is an opposite polarity to the first polarity, the second transistor being connected in series to the first transistor between a positive source voltage and a negative source voltage and a connection node between the first and second transistors being an output port, a capacitor connected between a gate of the first transistor and a gate of the second transistor, and a voltage adjusting means for accurately adjusting a voltage applied to the gate of the second transistor according to an exact switching operation time of the second transistor, using a clock signal and an output port signal of the inverter. A stable and high-speed operation can be performed with a comparatively small size and low power consumption can be achieved.
US07772882B2
A system for FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) upgrade includes: an FPGA, a FLASH memory and a CPLD. The FLASH memory includes a first section configured to store a workable version of bit files for the FPGA and a second section configured to store a backup version of bit files for the FPGA. The CPLD is coupled to the FPGA and the FLASH memory. The CPLD is configured to download the bit files from the FLASH memory to the FPGA to provide the FPGA with functionality. As a result, the CPLD communicates with CPU to upgrade the bit files in the FLASH memory, and indicates to the CPU which version of bit files has been downloaded to the FPGA.
US07772873B2
A method is provided for thermal electric binary logic control. The method accepts an input voltage representing an input logic state. A heat reference is controlled in response to the input voltage. The method supplies an output voltage representing an output logic state, responsive to the heat reference. More explicitly, the heat reference controls the output voltage of a temperature-sensitive voltage divider. For example, the temperature-sensitive voltage divider may be a thermistor voltage divider.
US07772870B2
There is provided a detector for detecting a layer short of a field winding in operation by measuring, with a field detector, a magnetic field generated from a field winding of an electric rotating machine. In the present invention, a field detector is installed outside an electric rotating machine to measure a leakage flux at the installation point to detect layer short by detecting the increase in a leakage flux or asymmetry of waveform of the leakage flux at an occurrence of a layer short of a field winding thereof, simplifying installation and enabling installation without halting operations of an electric rotating machine.
US07772868B2
Test structures and methods for measuring contact and via parasitic capacitance in an integrated circuit are provided. The accuracy of contact and via capacitance measurements are improved by eliminating not-to-be-measured capacitance from the measurement results. The capacitance is measured on a target test structure that has to-be-measured contact or via capacitance. Measurements are then repeated on a substantially similar reference test structure that is free of to-be-measured contact or via capacitances. By using the capacitance measurements of the two test structures, the to-be-measured contact and via capacitance can be calculated.
US07772866B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide a test structure for inspection of integrated circuits. The test structure may be fabricated on a semiconductor wafer together with one or more integrated circuits. The test structure may include a common reference point for voltage reference; a plurality of voltage dropping devices being connected to the common reference point; and a plurality of electron-collecting pads being connected, respectively, to a plurality of contact points of the plurality of voltage dropping devices. A brightness shown by the plurality of electron-collecting pads during an inspection of the integrated circuits may be associated with a pre-determined voltage.
US07772860B2
Several embodiments of massively parallel interface structures are disclosed, which may be used in a wide variety of permanent or temporary applications, such as for interconnecting integrated circuits (ICs) to test and burn-in equipment, for interconnecting modules within electronic devices, for interconnecting computers and other peripheral devices within a network, or for interconnecting other electronic circuitry. Preferred embodiments of the massively parallel interface structures provide massively parallel integrated circuit test assemblies. The massively parallel interface structures preferably use one or more substrates to establish connections between one or more integrated circuits on a semiconductor wafer, and one or more test modules. One or more layers on the intermediate substrates preferably include MEMS and/or thin-film fabricated spring probes. The parallel interface assemblies provide tight signal pad pitch and compliance, and preferably enable the parallel testing or burn-in of multiple ICs, using commercial wafer probing equipment. In some preferred embodiments, the parallel interface assembly structures include separable standard electrical connector components, which reduces assembly manufacturing cost and manufacturing time. These structures and assemblies enable high speed testing in wafer form.
US07772856B2
A junction-current probe is provided which can measure a current flowing in a junction port adapted to connect a circuit board or an electronic apparatus to a chassis under the condition that the circuit board or electronic apparatus is packaged to the chassis. Structurally, the current probe has a circular or rectangular insulator having a hole in the center, a coiled conductor wire for converting linkage flux into voltage, an insulating member for preventing the insulator from making electrical contact with surroundings, an extraction lead for connecting opposite ends of the conductor wire to a cable and the cable for connection to a measurement unit. The current probe is reduced in thickness within in a range in which the condition of packaging to the chassis can remain unchanged.
US07772854B2
An improved contacting-type conductivity measurement system and method are provided. A first conductivity measurement is obtained by driving a contacting-type conductivity sensor with an excitation voltage at a first frequency, a second conductivity is obtained by driving the contacting-type conductivity sensor with the excitation voltage at a second frequency. The first and second conductivity measurements are used to provide a more accurate conductivity output.
US07772852B2
A DC power supply system in which the resistance of a battery is measured. The voltage of the DC power supply is reduced such that the battery supplies some current to the load, and the voltage and current are measured. The voltage of the DC power supply is further reduced such that the battery supplies increased power to the load, and the voltage and current are measured. A resistance value is computed, and may be compared with various pre-established criteria. The battery resistance may also be measured by comparing the charging time of a known resistive-capacitive circuit with the charging time established at a prior measurement epoch.
US07772850B2
An electronic battery tester and method includes generating battery test data from an electronic battery test. The battery test data is transmitted over a wireless communication medium. In another aspect, a method and apparatus is provided for receiving battery test data from a wireless communication medium. Also, a diagnostic battery charger, which is capable of transmitting battery condition information to an external receiver, is provided.
US07772838B2
Apparatus for detecting vibration of an object adapted to rotate includes one or more vibration processors selected from: a direction-change processor adapted to detect changes in a direction of rotation of the object, a direction-agreement processor adapted to identify a direction of rotation of the object in at least two channels and identify an agreement or disagreement in direction of rotation identified by the at least two channels, a phase-overlap processor adapted to identify overlapping signal regions in signals associated with the rotation of the object, and a running mode processor adapted to identify an unresponsive output signal from at least one of the at least two channels. A method for detecting the vibration of the object includes generating at least one of a direction-change output signal with the direction-change processor, a direction-agreement output signal with the direction-agreement processor, a phase-overlap output signal with the phase-overlap processor, and a running-mode-vibration output signal with the running-mode processor, each indicative of the vibration the object.
US07772835B2
An AMR array magnetic position sensing system for improved sensor flexibility and improved air gap performance is disclosed. A pair of magnets can be enclosed in a magnet carrier that moves along a path and located above an array of AMR position sensors. The magnets are generally magnetized through the length of the magnets, and the magnets are positioned in the carrier such that an angle between the magnets exists in a manner similar to an angle made by AMR runners on a surface of the AMR positions sensors to create magnetic flux lines thereof. The AMR position sensors come into contact with the uniform magnetic flux lines to sense a change in linear and angular position associated with the magnet carrier. The output signal generated by the AMR position sensors have less susceptibility to variations in air gap as the angles of the magnetic flux lines generated by the magnets do note change with respect to air gap variation.
US07772827B2
A method for operating a measuring device, in particular, a vectorial network analyzer, which can be connected via at least two ports to a device under test, with excitation units assigned to each port, wherein each excitation unit provides a signal generator, with which the assigned port can be supplied with an excitation signal, provides the following procedural stages: a measurement at measuring positions of the actual phase offset between the excitation signals output at the ports; and a variation of the frequency of at least one of the two signal generators during a correction interval so that a specified set phase offset is achieved at reference positions between the excitation signals output at the ports.
US07772819B2
Embodiments include systems and methods for voltage regulation in a coupled inductor topology. Embodiments comprise a switching voltage regulator that is responsive to a light load signal from the device to which power is supplied. When the light load signal indicates that the device is not in a light load condition, the voltage regulator exhibits a low resistance to reduce I2R losses. When the light load signal indicates that the device is in a light load condition, the voltage regulator exhibits a higher resistance but lower capacitive losses within. In some embodiments, a first set of switches enables an inductor to charge through switches of the first set and a second set of switches enables the inductor to discharge through switches of the second set. The number of switches and their associated drivers in a set that are placed in a continuously-off state depends upon whether the device is in a light load condition or not.
US07772809B2
A low dropout (LDO) regulator for generating an output voltage on an output from an input voltage of an input source. The LDO regulator including a switch module to generate the output voltage. The switch module including at least two parallel connected switches responsive to corresponding switch control signals to regulate a flow of energy from the input source to the output. Each of the switches having an on-state and an off-state. A digital controller to sense the output voltage and in response to generate the switch control signals such that the output voltage is regulated to a predetermined amplitude.
US07772805B2
A charge/discharge protection circuit that protects a secondary battery from overcharge, over-discharge, charge over-current, and discharge over-current is disclosed. The charge/discharge protection circuit includes an overcharge detection circuit, an over-discharge detection circuit, a charge over-current detection circuit, a discharge over-current detection circuit, a charge control FET that is turned off when overcharge is detected and when charge over-current is detected, a discharge control FET that is turned off when over-discharge is detected and when discharge over-current is detected, and a charger connection recovery circuit that controls on/off operations of the discharge control FET. When connection with a charger is established at a time over-discharge is detected and the discharge control FET is turned off, the discharge control FET is forcefully turned on after a first predetermined time elapses.
US07772803B2
A method and system for measuring voltage of individual cells connected in series includes a pair of busses connectable to the cells and a flying capacitor connectable to the busses. The capacitor stores the charge of one of the cells such that an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the capacitor may process an accurate representation of the voltage of the cell being measured. In order to prevent electrical interference with the capacitor and the ADC, the charge on the busses is reduced prior to measurement by the ADC.
US07772796B2
Various robotic devices and related medical procedures are disclosed herein. Each of the various robotic devices have an agent delivery component. The devices include mobile robotic devices and fixed base robotic devices as disclosed herein. The agent delivery component can have at least one agent reservoir and a discharge component in fluidic communication with the at least one reservoir.
US07772794B2
A wiper controlling apparatus capable of discriminating between a signal change at the time of a wiper blade passage and that at the time of a raindrop impact so as to allow a wiper control promptly responding to the change in the condition of the sensing surface is provided. An estimating part (6) includes a displacement status data generating part (61) that calculates displacement status data representing a displacement status of the output signal of the photo-detector respectively based on a plurality of sampling data trains obtained at plural kinds of sampling periods in both of a period in which the wiper is in operation and a period in which the wiper is not in operation, a pattern data storing part (64) that stores in advance respective displacement status pattern data representing a displacement status of the output signal of the photo-detector when a lying object or a contact object is present on the sensing surface and when a wiper blade passes over the sensing surface, and a matching part (62) that compares the displacement status data calculated by the displacement status data generating part (61) with the displacement status pattern data in the pattern data storing part (64) and outputs the estimation result signal representing the condition of the sensing surface.
US07772793B2
A raindrop detecting device for detecting a raindrop amount on a windshield of a vehicle and selecting a wiping mode of a wiper based on the detected raindrop amount includes a controller for lowering the wiping mode when the detected raindrop amount is kept to be smaller than a mode-keep threshold while the wiper performs a predetermined number of wiping operations. The controller changes the predetermined number of wiping operations based on at least one of a sensitivity data of a user of the vehicle and a rainfall block data relative to the vehicle.
US07772791B2
The present invention provides a method for controlling motor torque in a hybrid electric vehicle, which can reduce current control mapping time and simplify control algorithm by providing a torque control compensation logic against a change in temperature of a motor (interior permanent magnet synchronous motor) of the hybrid electric vehicle. The present method includes: forming a single current control map based on an engine room temperature; determining a motor operation range that requires temperature compensation according to motor load conditions such as speed and torque; obtaining an optimization formula for torque command compensation; determining a torque command compensation value using the optimization formula; generating a new torque command with the torque command compensation value and applying the new torque command to the single current control map; and applying to a motor a current for which a torque variation according to a temperature change is compensated.
US07772786B2
A battery-powered light source device 5 has an DC/DC converter 61 that boosts the supply voltage of a battery 51 and supplies electrical power to a lamp 31, and, inside this DC/DC converter 61, are provided a comparator 65 that compares a specific reference voltage to the output voltage of a DC/DC converter 61, and a control component 66 that keeps the output voltage from the DC/DC converter 61 at a specific lamp voltage on the basis of the comparison result of this comparator 65, whereby the supply voltage of the battery 51 is boosted and the optimal lamp voltage is obtained. Consequently, the battery-powered light source device 5 allows the brightness of the lamp to be adjusted and a high step-up efficiency to be obtained, and the battery can therefore be used more efficiently, and a more convenient use of the endoscope is possible.
US07772778B2
To provide a method for forming electrodes and/or black stripes for a plasma display substrate, wherein display electrodes, bus electrodes and optionally black stripes for a plasma display panel are formed of the same material by the same dry step, whereby a clear image having reflection prevented, can be displayed on a PDP display device with a low load on the environment, at low costs, with low resistance, without erosion by a dielectric.A method for forming electrodes and/or black stripes for a plasma display substrate, which comprises applying a laser beam to a mask layer formed on a transparent substrate to form openings at areas corresponding to the respective patterns of display electrodes, bus electrodes and optionally black stripes, then continuously forming an antireflection layer to provide an antireflection effect over the entire surface and an electrode layer, and applying again a laser beam to peel off the mask layer and at the same time to remove an unnecessary thin film layer.
US07772773B1
Electrode configurations for a plasma display panel (PDP) device having one or more substrates and a multiplicity of pixels or sub-pixels that are defined by a hollow plasma-shell filled with an ionizable gas. The invention is described with reference to a plasma-dome, but other plasma-shells may be used including plasma-disc and plasma-sphere. Two or more addressing electrodes are in electrical contact with each plasma-dome, at least one electrode being in contact with a flat side of the plasma-dome. The PDP may include inorganic and/or organic luminescent substances that are excited by the gas discharge within each plasma-dome. The luminescent substance may be located on an exterior and/or interior surface of the plasma-dome and/or incorporated into the shell of the plasma-dome. Up-conversion (Stokes) and down-conversion (Anti-Stokes) phosphor materials may be used. The PDP substrate(s) may be rigid, flexible, or semi-flexible with a flat, curved, or irregular surface.
US07772772B2
There is disclosed a green phosphor that is adaptive for improving its driving voltage and brightness characteristic, and at the same time, improving its color purity. A green phosphor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mixed phosphor composed of a first class phosphor of Zn2SiO4:Mn, a second class phosphor of at least one of LaPO4:Tb, Y3Al3(BO3)4Tb, Y(Al, Ga)5012:Tb, YBO3:Tb, (Y, Gd)BO3:Tb, and a third class phosphor of at least one of BaAl12O19:Mn, BaAl14O23:Mn, Ba(Sr, Ma)AlO:Mn, and the mixing rate of the third class phosphor to the total weight of the mixed phosphor is 1˜25 wt %.
US07772768B2
A polarizer and a flat panel display apparatus including the polarizer are provided. The polarizer includes: a base; and a plurality of grids on the base, the plurality of grids including a first component and a second component, and having a thickness in a thickness direction of the polarizer. The first component includes a dielectric material and the second component includes a metal. The first component and the second component have a concentration gradient in the thickness direction, wherein a concentration of the first component in the grids increases along a thickness direction toward the external light incidence side, and a concentration of the second component in the grids increases along a thickness direction away from the external light incidence side.
US07772767B2
A display device includes; first, second and third pixel electrodes, each of the first, the second and the third pixel electrodes comprising a first edge and a second edge longer than the first edge, a first, a second and a third electrode connected to the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively, a fourth electrode opposing the first electrode with respect to a fifth electrode, a sixth electrode opposing the second electrode with respect to a seventh electrode, and an eighth electrode opposing the third electrode with respect to a ninth electrode, wherein each of the first, fourth and fifth electrodes include a first portion disposed between the first and second pixel electrode and a second portion disposed outside of a space between the first and second pixel electrode, and the second, the sixth and the seventh electrodes are disposed outside of a space between the second and third pixel electrode.
US07772766B2
A light-emitting device includes a plurality of unit circuits that are arranged in an element forming region on a substrate, each unit circuit having a light-emitting element that has a first electrode and a second electrode, and a transistor that controls a current flowing in the light-emitting element, a plurality of power lines that are wired in a peripheral region disposed in a periphery of the element forming region so as to supply power having different potentials, a current supply line that is wired to extend from the peripheral region to the element forming region and that is electrically connected to the first electrode via the transistor in each of the unit circuits, and a current supply line protective circuit that is provided in the peripheral region and that has protective elements connected between the current supply line and the plurality of power lines.
US07772751B2
A spark plug and method of manufacturing the same, the spark plug including a metal housing holding an insulator therein, the metal housing having a threaded portion formed on an outer circumferential surface of a frontward portion of the metal housing in a crimp portion formed at a rear end of the metal housing and crimping the insulator in the axial hole of the metal housing. Furthermore, the rear-end portion of the threaded portion has a hardness that is higher than that of the crimp portion.
US07772749B2
The invention relates to a discharge lamp having a thin film indium oxide coating on the interior lamp envelope surface that effectively reflects UV, near IR and microwave radiation while transmitting light in the visible spectrum, the lamp being a high temperature operating lamp.
US07772742B2
A boundary acoustic wave device includes a first medium, a second medium, a third medium, and a fourth medium that are laminated in that order and, an electrode including an IDT electrode disposed at an interface between the first medium and the second medium, the temperature coefficient of delay time TCD of a boundary acoustic wave has a positive value, the fourth medium or the second medium has a positive temperature coefficient of sound velocity TCV, the first medium has a negative temperature coefficient of sound velocity TCV, and the sound velocity of transverse wave of the third medium is set to be less than the sound velocity of transverse wave of the fourth medium and/or the second medium.
US07772738B2
An electric machine which has an arched stator and a cylindrical rotor fitted inside it and in which the flux flows in the radial direction between the stator and the rotor as in a permanent-magnet radial-flux synchronous electric machine, and in which the stator of the machine consists of stator segments (2), each of which has an independent stator core and winding, and the stator segments are arranged to be physically separate from each other so that the stator consists of stator segments arched according to the radius of the rotor and working electromagnetically independently like a linear machine, each stator segment having a stator core and a winding separate from the other stator segments, and that it comprises an overhead supporting frame structure separate from the stator cores and consisting of several longitudinal ribs (41) and parts (42) between them.
US07772733B2
An electrical generator includes a rotary disk that is made of plastic injection molding in which a plurality of coils each having an exposed contact is embedded. Two stationary disks are arranged on opposite sides of the rotary disk and each has an inside surface that opposes the rotary disk and carries two semi-circular magnets. The rotary disk is fixed to a shaft having opposite ends fit into bearings that are received in central bores defined in the stationary disks. The coils are each formed by winding a wire in at least one turn in the form of a circle or an ellipse, the turns being coincident with each other or partially offset with respect to each other. Or alternatively, the coils are formed concentric with respect to each other and the rotary disk.
US07772727B2
A planar pulse motor includes a stator and a mover which is arranged opposite to the stator and which has a plurality of coils. The planar pulse motor can drive the mover in a first direction on a horizontal plane and in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction by controlling current flowing in the plurality of coils. The stator has a plurality of raised portions, including a plurality of first raised portions composed by laminating a plurality of layers of members including magnetic materials through which magnetic flux can pass only in the first direction and a plurality of second raised portions composed by laminating a plurality of layers of members including magnetic materials through which magnetic flux can pass only in the second direction, and a plurality of recessed portions through which magnetic flux does not pass in either the first or the second direction. The plurality of raised portions are regularly arranged in a vicinity of each of recessed portions in the first and second directions.
US07772720B2
A secondary power source system, includes a first unit receiving a primary power input and restricting a current used for charging to a predetermined amount, a second unit including a device providing capacitance, receiving a first output from the first unit with restricted current, a third unit generating a second output of a certain voltage, and a fourth unit performing a logical OR operation with the primary power input, first output from the first unit and second output from the second unit, to generate a single third output of a certain voltage.
US07772711B2
A semiconductor device including a substrate, a P-MOS single crystal TFT formed on the substrate, and an N-MOS single crystal TFT formed on the P-MOS single crystal TFT. The source region of the P-MOS single crystal TFT and the source region of the N-MOS single crystal TFT may be connected to each other. The P-MOS single crystal TFT and the N-MOS single crystal TFT may share a common gate. Also, the P-MOS single crystal TFT may include a single crystal silicon layer with a crystal plane of (100) and a crystal direction of <100>. The N-MOS single crystal TFT may include a single crystal silicon layer having the same crystal direction as the single crystal silicon layer of the P-MOS single crystal TFT and having a tensile stress greater than the single crystal silicon layer of the P-MOS single crystal TFT.
US07772701B2
An improved integrated circuit structure and method of making the same is provided. The integrated circuit structure comprises a substrate, the substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface. The top surface has a circuit device formed thereon. The structure includes a plurality of metallization layers, a bonding structure formed over the bottom surface and a conductive interconnect structure formed through said substrate.
US07772699B2
A semiconductor device includes an electrode pad formed on a pad forming surface of a semiconductor integrated circuit chip, and a step formed on the pad forming surface to surround the electrode pad. A method of manufacturing the semiconductor device includes forming a metal film on a pad forming surface of a semiconductor integrated circuit chip, forming an electrode pad on a pad forming surface by selectively etching a metal film using a first mask pattern and forming a step to surround the electrode pad by selectively etching the pad forming surface using a second mask pattern.
US07772698B2
A package structure for packaging at least one of a plurality of integrated circuit devices of a wafer is provided. The package structure includes an extension metal pad, a first conductive bump and an insulator layer. The extension metal pad electrically contacts the at least one of the plurality of integrated circuit devices. The first conductive bump is located on the extension metal pad. The insulator layer is located over the at least one of the plurality of integrated circuit devices and on a sidewall of it.
US07772693B2
A panel has a baseplate with an upper first metallic layer and a multiplicity of a vertical semiconductor components. The vertical semiconductor components in each case have a first side with a first load electrode and a control electrode and an opposite second side with a second load electrode. The second side of the semiconductor components is in each case mounted on the metallic layer of the baseplate. The semiconductor components are arranged in such a way that edge sides of adjacent semiconductor components are separated from one another. A second metallic layer is arranged in separating regions between the semiconductor components.
US07772689B2
It is configured to comprise a semiconductor chip 110, a resin member 106 for forming a cavity 109 in which this semiconductor chip 110 is installed, and wiring 105 constructed of pattern wiring 105b formed so as to be exposed to an upper surface 106b of this resin member 106 and also connected to the semiconductor chip 110 and a post part 105a in which one end is connected to the pattern wiring 105b and also the other end is formed so as to be exposed to a lower surface 106a of the resin member 106.
US07772680B2
The invention includes semiconductor fuse arrangements containing an electrically conductive plate over and in electrical contact with a plurality of electrically conductive links. Each of the links contacts the electrically conductive plate as a separate region relative to the other links, and the region where a link makes contact to the electrically conductive plate is a fuse. The invention also includes methods of forming semiconductor fuse arrangements.
US07772677B2
A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate including an n-type high impurity concentration layer inhibiting a depletion layer from spreading, an n-type low impurity concentration drift layer, and a p-type high impurity concentration layer forming a p-n main junction between the drift layer. In the active region, an effective current flows in the direction of the thickness of the substrate. The device has an inclined trench that cuts the p-n main junction at a positive bevel angle from the semiconductor substrate surface on the side of the n-type high impurity concentration layer to penetrate through the substrate for separating it into chips. In the device, along the sidewall of the inclined trench in the n-type drift layer, an n-type surface region is formed with an impurity concentration lower than that in the n-type drift layer.
US07772670B2
A method facilitates generally simultaneously fabricating a number of shallow trench isolation structures such that some selected ones of the shallow trench isolation structures have rounded corners and other selected ones of the shallow trench isolation structures do not have rounded corners. The method includes forming patterned photoresist over a hard mask so that portions of the hard mask are exposed over a portion of a cell region and over a portion of a periphery region, and then removing the exposed hard mask layer in the periphery region while removing a portion of the exposed hard mask layer in the cell region. A trench having rounded corners is then partially formed in the periphery region and more of the hard mask layer is removed in the cell region, before the trench in the periphery region is deepened while a trench in the cell region is formed.
US07772660B2
A magnetic random access memory includes a transistor having a gate electrode formed above a surface of a substrate, and first and second impurity diffusion regions which sandwich a channel region below the gate electrode, a first plug formed on the first impurity diffusion region, a recording element formed on the first plug, including a plurality of stacked layers, and configured to hold information in accordance with an internal magnetization state, a first signal line formed on the recording element, a second plug formed on the second impurity diffusion region, an electrical conductor formed on the second plug, an area of a shape of the electrical conductor, which is projected onto the surface of the substrate, being larger than that of a shape of the recording element, which is projected onto the surface of the substrate, and a second signal line formed on the electrical conductor.
US07772656B2
A semiconductor device. The device including: a planar FET formed in a single crystal-silicon substrate, the FET comprising a first channel region, first and second source drains on opposite sides of the first channel region and a gate, the gate over the channel region and electrically isolated from the channel region by a first gate dielectric layer; and a FinFET formed in single crystal silicon block on top of and electrically isolated from the substrate, the FinFET comprising a second channel region, third and fourth source drains on opposite first and second ends of a second channel region and the gate, the gate electrically isolated from the second channel region by a second gate dielectric layer.
US07772655B2
In a semiconductor substrate in a first section, a channel region having an impurity concentration peak in an interior of the semiconductor substrate is formed, and in the semiconductor substrate in a second section and a third section, channel regions having an impurity concentration peak at a position close to a surface of the substrate are formed. Then, extension regions are formed in the first section, the second section and the third section. After that, the substrate is thermally treated to eliminate defects produced in the extension regions. Then, using gate electrodes and side-wall spacers as a mask, source/drain regions are formed in the first section, the second section and the third section.
US07772646B2
There is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device with a semiconductor body comprising a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor region which are separated from each other with an electrically insulating layer which includes a first and a second sub-layer which, viewed in projection, are adjacent to one another, wherein the first sub-layer has a smaller thickness than the second sub-layer, and wherein, in a first sub-region of the semiconductor region lying above the first sub-layer, at least one digital semiconductor element is formed and, in a second sub-region of the semiconductor region lying above the second sub-layer, at least one analog semiconductor element is formed.According to an example embodiment, the second sub-layer is formed in that the lower border thereof is recessed in the semiconductor body in relation to the lower border of the first sub-layer Fully depleted SOI devices are thus formed.
US07772642B2
A trench-gated field effect transistor (FET) is formed as follows. Using one mask, a plurality of active gate trenches and at least one gate runner trench are defined and simultaneously formed in a silicon region such that (i) the at least one gate runner trench has a width greater than a width of each of the plurality of active gate trenches, and (ii) the plurality of active gate trenches are contiguous with the at least one gate runner trench.
US07772640B2
This disclosure concerns a semiconductor device comprising a convex-shaped semiconductor layer formed on a semiconductor substrate; an insulation film formed on the semiconductor substrate, the insulation film having a film thickness to the extent that a lower part of the semiconductor layer is buried; a gate electrode formed on a set of both opposed side faces via a gate insulation film; and a source region and a drain region formed on a side face side on which the gate electrode is not formed in the semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer is formed so as to dispose surfaces of a peripheral part excepting a central part on an outer side than surfaces of the central part covered by at least the gate electrode.
US07772637B2
Methods of forming a semiconductor device may include forming a tunnel oxide layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a gate structure on the tunnel oxide layer, forming a leakage barrier oxide, and forming an insulating spacer. More particularly, the tunnel oxide layer may be between the gate structure and the substrate, and the gate structure may include a first gate electrode on the tunnel oxide layer, an inter-gate dielectric on the first gate electrode, and a second gate electrode on the inter-gate dielectric with the inter-gate dielectric between the first and second gate electrodes. The leakage barrier oxide may be formed on sidewalls of the second gate electrode. The insulating spacer may be formed on the leakage barrier oxide with the leakage barrier oxide between the insulating spacer and the sidewalls of the second gate electrode. In addition, the insulating spacer and the leakage barrier oxide may include different materials. Related structures are also discussed.
US07772634B2
A channel stop region is formed immediately under an STI, and thereafter, an ion implantation is performed with conditions in which an impurity is doped into an upper layer portion of an active region, and at the same time, the impurity is also doped into immediately under another STI, and a channel dose region is formed at the upper layer portion of the active region, and another channel stop region is formed immediately under the STI.
US07772620B2
A junction field effect transistor comprises a silicon-on-insulator architecture. A front gate region and a back gate region are formed in a silicon region of the SOI architecture. The silicon region has a thin depth such that the back gate region has a thin depth, and whereby a depletion region associated with the back gate region recedes substantially up to an insulating layer of the SOI architecture.
US07772619B2
A semiconductor device includes a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate, comprising an insulation layer formed on semiconductor material, and a fin structure. The fin structure is formed of semiconductor material and extends from the SOI substrate. Additionally, the fin structure includes a source region, a drain region, a channel region, and a gate region. The source region, drain region, and the channel region are doped with a first type of impurities, and the gate region is doped with a second type of impurities. The gate region abuts the channel region along at least one boundary, and the channel region is operable to conduct current between the drain region and the source region when the semiconductor device is operating in an on state.
US07772613B2
A normally-off type junction FET in which a channel resistance is reduced without lowering its blocking voltage is provided. In a junction FET formed with using a substrate made of silicon carbide, an impurity concentration of a channel region (second epitaxial layer) is made higher than an impurity concentration of a first epitaxial layer to be a drift layer. The channel region is formed of a first region in which a channel width is constant and a second region below the first region in which the channel width becomes wider toward the drain (substrate) side. A boundary between the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer is positioned in the second region in which the channel width becomes wider toward the drain (substrate) side.
US07772609B2
LED packages are provided that include a material that is both thermally conductive and has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is matched to that of an LED. The material can be a ceramic such as aluminum nitride. The package has a body that includes a bottom surface and a cavity disposed into the body. The cavity has a floor for bonding to the LED so that the LED sits within the cavity. The thermally conductive material is disposed between the floor of the cavity and the bottom surface of the package. The body can be fabricated from a number of layers where the thermally conductive material is in a layer disposed between the floor and the bottom surface. The other layers of the body can also be fabricated from the thermally conductive material. A light emitting device is made by attaching the LED to the LED package.
US07772608B2
A photoelectric element package with temperature compensation includes a substrate, and a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a photosensitive element, and a drive element disposed on the substrate, all of which are disposed in an internal space formed by a first casing joined with a second casing. Alternatively, the second light-emitting element and the photosensitive element are disposed in an internal space of a third casing. By adding the second light-emitting element, the photosensitive element can sense the light emitting intensity accurately in the absence of other interferences, so as to feed back the current operating state of the light-emitting element. A temperature compensation function is achieved by a laser driver, so as to reduce the influence of temperature on the light-emitting element, such that the light-emitting element emits light in an accurate intensity.
US07772605B2
An object of the present invention is to provide a compound semiconductor light-emitting device having side surfaces of large surface area to improve the efficiency for outwardly transmitting the emitted light. Another object of the present invention is to provide a technology capable of easily forming the side surfaces with large surface area without using a cutting tool and without the need of taking a trouble to impart mechanical damage.The inventive compound semiconductor light-emitting device has a light-emitting layer, on a substrate, wherein at least a part of a substrate portion of the device side surface has recessed portions in a side direction of the device. The inventive method of producing compound semiconductor light-emitting device comprises the steps of: (a) forming a compound semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer of an n-type or p-type compound semiconductor on a wafer that serves as a substrate, (b) arranging a negative electrode and a positive electrode at predetermined positions for passing a drive current through the light-emitting layer, (c) forming a separation zone for separating the individual light-emitting devices, (d) perforating many small holes linearly in the wafer that serves as the substrate along the separation zone, and (e) dividing the wafer into individual light-emitting devices along the separation zone.
US07772596B2
It is an object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device, in which a plurality of electroluminescent layers are stacked with a charge generation layer interposed therebetween between a pair of electrodes that are opposed to each other, and for which the charge generation layer can be formed on the electroluminescent layer by sputtering without damaging the electroluminescent layer. A material that is not easily etched is used for, of the electroluminescent layer, the closest layer to the charge generation layer formed by sputtering on the electroluminescent layer. Specifically, a benzoxazole derivative or a pyridine derivative is used.
US07772592B2
After an amorphous semiconductor thin film is crystallized by utilizing a catalyst element, the catalyst element is removed by performing a heat treatment in an atmosphere containing a halogen element. A resulting crystalline semiconductor thin film exhibits {110} orientation. Since individual crystal grains have approximately equal orientation, the crystalline semiconductor thin film has substantially no grain boundaries and has such crystallinity as to be considered a single crystal or considered so substantially.
US07772589B1
A high performance thin film transistor includes a flexible substrate, a layer of metal oxide semiconductor material deposited on the flexible substrate, and a layer of self-assembled organic gate dielectric material deposited on the metal oxide semiconductor material. The metal oxide semiconductor material has high carrier mobility and is transparent. An interface is formed between the layer of metal oxide semiconductor material and the layer of organic gate dielectric material that is substantially free of reactions and Fermi level pinning. The polymer materials are not polar and do not give rise to gap state formation and interface scattering.
US07772587B2
Due to the indirect transition characteristic of silicon semiconductors, the light extraction efficiency of a silicon-based light emitting diode is lower than that of a compound semiconductor-based light emitting diode. For this reason, there are difficulties in practically using and commercializing silicon-based light emitting diodes developed so far. Provided is a silicon-based light emitting including: a substrate with a lower electrode layer on a lower surface thereof; a lower doped layer that is formed on an upper surface of the substrate and supplies carriers to an emitting layer; the emitting layer that is a silicon semiconductor layer including silicon quantum dots or nanodots formed on the lower doped layer and has a light-emitting characteristic; an upper doped layer that is formed on the emitting layer and supplies carriers to the emitting layer; an upper electrode layer formed on the upper doped layer; and a surface structure including a surface pattern formed on the upper electrode layer, a surface structure including an upper electrode pattern and an upper doped pattern formed by patterning the upper electrode layer and the upper doped layer, or a surface structure including the surface pattern, the upper electrode pattern, and upper doped pattern, wherein the surface structure enhances the light extraction efficiency of light emitted from the emitting layer according to geometric optics.
US07772586B2
The present invention aims at providing a structure in which a high p-type carrier concentration of 1×1017 cm−3 or more is obtained in a material in which, although it shows normally p-type conductivity, a carrier concentration smaller than 1×1017 cm−3 is only obtained. Also, the present invention aims at providing highly reliable semiconductor element and device each of which has excellent characteristics such as light emitting characteristics and a long lifetime.Each specific layer, i.e., each ZnSe0.53Te0.47 layer (2 ML) is inserted between host layers, i.e., Mg0.5Zn0.29Cd0.21Se layers (each having 10 ML (atomic layer) thickness) each of which is lattice matched to an InP substrate. In this case, each specific layer in which a sufficient carrier concentration of 1×1018 cm−3 or more is obtained when a single layer is inserted at suitable intervals. As a result, a sufficient hole concentration of 1×1017 cm−3 or more is obtained in the overall crystal in a material in which a hole concentration smaller than 1×1017 cm−3 has been only conventionally obtained.
US07772585B2
A nitride semiconductor crystal substrate is produced by forming a network mask repeating a closed loop unit shape upon an undersubstrate, growing a nitride semiconductor crystal in vapor phase, producing convex facet hills covered with facets on exposed parts Π, forming outlining concavities on mask-covered parts , not burying the facets, maintaining the convex facet hills on Π and the network concavities on , excluding dislocations in the facet hills down to the outlining concavities on , forming a defect accumulating region H on , decreasing dislocations in the facet hills and improving the facet hills to low defect density single crystal regions Z, producing a rugged nitride crystal, and slicing and polishing the nitride crystal into mirror nitride crystal wafers. After the fabrication of devices on the nitride wafer, dry-etching or wet etching of hot KOH or NaOH divides the device-carrying wafer into chips by corroding the network defect accumulating region H.
US07772582B2
Reconfigurable devices and methods for the fabrication thereof are provided. In one aspect, a reconfigurable device is provided. The reconfigurable device comprises a substrate; a first dielectric layer on the substrate; a conductive layer recessed into at least a portion of a side of the first dielectric layer opposite the substrate; at least one second dielectric layer over the side of the first dielectric layer opposite the substrate, so as to cover the conductive layer; a heater within the second dielectric layer; at least one programmable via extending through the second dielectric layer, extending through and surrounded by the heater and in contact with the conductive layer, the programmable via comprising at least one phase change material; a capping layer over the programmable via; a first conductive via and a second conductive via, each extending through the second dielectric layer and in contact with the heater; and a third conductive via extending through the second dielectric layer and in contact with the conductive layer.
US07772580B2
In an embodiment of the invention, an integrated circuit having a cell is provided. The cell may include a field effect transistor structure which includes a gate stack and a resistivity changing material structure disposed above the gate stack, wherein the resistivity changing material structure includes a resistivity changing material which is configured to change its resistivity in response to the application of an electrical voltage to the resistivity changing material structure.
US07772577B2
A particle beam therapy system using a spot scanning method includes a synchrotron, a beam transport system, an irradiation system, and a controller. A controller is configured to turn on a radio frequency electromagnetic field to be applied to an extraction system when a charged particle beam is to be supplied to the irradiation system, and turn off the radio frequency electromagnetic field to be applied to the extraction system when the supply of the charged particle beam to the irradiation system is to be blocked by means of an electromagnet provided in the beam transport system or in the synchrotron. The controller is also adapted to turn off a radio frequency acceleration voltage to be applied to an acceleration cavity in synchronization with the turning-off of the radio frequency electromagnetic field to be applied to the extraction device.
US07772576B2
A shielding assembly for use in a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, such as an ion implantation apparatus, includes one or more removable shielding members configured to cover inner surfaces of a mass analyzing chamber. The shielding assembly reduces process by-products from accumulating on the inner surfaces. In one embodiment, a shielding assembly includes first and second shielding members, each having a unitary construction and configured to cover a magnetic area in the mass analyzing chamber. The shielding members desirably are made entirely of graphite or impregnated graphite to minimize contamination of the semiconductor device being processed caused by metal particles eroded from the inner surfaces of the mass analyzing chamber.
US07772574B2
In a pattern-lock system of particle-beam apparatus wherein the imaging of the pattern is done by means of at least two consecutive projector stages of the projecting system, reference marks are imaged upon registering means to determine the position of the particle-beam, at the location of an intermediary image of the reference marks produced by a non-final projector stage, with the registering means being positioned at locations of nominal positions of an intermediary imaging plane. Furthermore, to produce a scanning movement over the registering means the reference beamlets are shifted laterally by means of deflector means provided in the pattern defining means in dependence of a time-dependent electric voltage.
US07772572B2
An apparatus includes a primary electrode and an acceleration electrode. The acceleration electrode or, alternatively, an additional secondary electrode contains a slot that extends obliquely through the acceleration electrode or through the secondary electrode. This measure allows secondary electrons to be produced in a highly effective manner.
US07772570B2
An assembly is provided for blocking a beam of radiation. The assembly has a pipe arranged to transmit at least part of the beam of radiation. The pipe has an inner surface provided with an ablation material and encloses a volume. The assembly further has an ablation generation device. The ablation generation device is arranged to ablate at least a portion of the ablation material upon reception of a blocking signal. The assembly has a control unit, which is arranged to control the ablation generation device.
US07772565B2
A radiation-shielding assembly can contain any of multiple containers of different sizes in a predetermined, fixed location within the assembly. A clamping system in of the assembly is able to clamp any of the containers so that they are held in the same fixed location within the assembly. The containers, regardless of size, are always located in the desired position within the shield. The positive location is achieved with out the use of separate components not attached to the assembly.
US07772564B2
The invention relates to an electron impact gas ion with high brightness and low energy spread. This high brightness is achieved by injecting electrons in a small ionization volume (from less than 1 μm to several tens of micrometers in size) from one side and extracting ions from the other. The electrons injected are produced by a high brightness electron source, such as a field emitter or a Schottky emitter.In one embodiment of the invention the required high electron density in the ionization volume is realized by placing a field emitter close to the ionization volume (e.g. 30 μm), without optics between source and ionization volume.In another embodiment of the invention the source is imaged onto a MEMS structure. Two small diaphragms of e.g. 50 nm are spaced e.g. 1 μm apart. The electrons enter through one of these diaphragms, while the ions leave the ionization volume through the other one. The two diaphragms are manufactured by e.g. drilling with an ion beam, resulting in two small and well aligned diaphragms.
US07772563B2
This device is a gamma imagery device including: a gamma camera with an observation field, a gamma spectrometry detector collimated with a collimator with an observation field extending around an axis and that is included in the observation field of the gamma camera beyond a given distance from it; a laser pointer with a line of sight, this laser pointer being located close to the gamma spectrometry collimator, such that the line of sight is substantially parallel to the axis of the observation field of the collimator and intersects the observation field of the collimator, means for localising a zone pointed at by the laser pointer.
US07772550B2
The present invention discloses an mixed signal RF drive electronics board that offers small, low power, reliable, and customizable method for driving and generating mass spectra from a mass spectrometer, and for control of other functions such as electron ionizer, ion focusing, single-ion detection, multi-channel data accumulation and, if desired, front-end interfaces such as pumps, valves, heaters, and columns.
US07772540B2
An RF controlled lighting system that activates lights in adjacent spaces when a person walks into a first space and then traverses the spaces in sequence. A detection device senses the entry of a person into a first space controlled by the system. A micro-controller activates the lights in that space for immediate light and in the adjacent spaces in preparation for the person to traverse the spaces in either direction from the origin space. As the person traverses the contiguous spaces, controllers in each space sense the person's presence and communicate by RF signals to activate lights along the person's path. The controllers extinguish their lights a predetermined time after the person passes or no one enters a space.
US07772539B2
A system is provided for determining characteristic information of an object positioned adjacent to a route. The system includes a first camera configured to collect a first set of spectral data of the object. The system further includes a second camera configured to collect a second set of spectral data of the object. The first and second cameras are attached to a powered system traveling along the route. The system further includes a controller coupled to the first camera and the second camera. The controller is configured to determine the characteristic information of the object based on the first set of spectral data and the second set of spectral data of the object. Additionally, a method is provided for determining characteristic information of the object positioned adjust to the route.
US07772532B2
There are many inventions described herein. Some aspects are directed to methods and/or apparatus to provide relative movement between optics, or portion(s) thereof, and sensors, or portion(s) thereof, in a digital camera. The relative movement may be in any of various directions. In some aspects, relative movement between an optics portion, or portion(s) thereof, and a sensor portion, or portion(s) thereof, are used in providing any of various features and/or in the various applications disclosed herein, including, for example, but not limited to, increasing resolution, optical and electronic zoom, image stabilization, channel alignment, channel-channel alignment, image alignment, lens alignment, masking, image discrimination, range finding, 3D imaging, auto focus, mechanical shutter, mechanical iris, multi and hyperspectral imaging, and/or combinations thereof. In some aspects, movement is provided by actuators, for example, but not limited to MEMS actuators, and by applying appropriate control signal thereto.
US07772528B2
A heated body mat realized by an assembly covered by a protective enclosure. The assembly has a major dimension (e.g., length) and includes a heat reflecting layer disposed between a top foam panel and a bottom foam panel. A resistive heater element is arranged in a single loop that provides coverage over a substantial part of the area of the mat. A plurality of thermostats (preferably 3 or more) are integrated as part of the loop and arranged in a series configuration being spaced apart along the major dimension of the assembly. Each one of said thermostats is normally closed and opens at one or more predetermined threshold temperatures to thereby open the current path loop realized by the resistive heater element. In use, electric power is supplied to the resistive heater element to generate heat that is emitted from the mat.
US07772526B2
A hair styling device includes a hand unit having an air inlet, an outlet, and a blower between the inlet and outlet. The device further includes a storage case having a water reservoir and being configured to receive the hand unit. Tubing connects the water reservoir to the hand unit. A pump is included that selectively connects the water reservoir to the hand unit liquid inlet. A heater is situated between the water reservoir and the hand unit outlet to vaporize the contents of the water reservoir. The hair styling device includes controls in communication with the pump and blower, for actuating the pump and blower, respectively. The device may be used to selectively deliver hot hair, steam, or mist.
US07772522B2
A mother glass substrate is continuously heated by a first laser spot LS1 to a temperature which is lower than a softening point of the mother glass substrate, along a scribe line formation line SL on a surface of the mother glass substrate, along which a scribe line is to be formed, while an area close to the first laser spot LS1 is continuously cooled along the scribe line formation line SL; and an area which is close to the cooled area and is on an opposite side to the first laser spot LS1 is continuously heated by a second laser spot LS2 along the scribe line formation line SL to a temperature which is lower than the softening point of the mother glass substrate.
US07772516B2
A machine tool is provided comprising a base, a slide assembly attached to the base for supporting a tool and translating the tool along an axis, and a workpiece holder attached to the base. At least one of the slide assembly and the workpiece holder are movable laterally with respect to the axis. Means are provided for aligning the slide assembly and the workpiece holder in a desired lateral relationship. A method of aligning a machine tool is also provided.
US07772512B2
A push plate assembly sends a signal to a receiver. The push plate includes a housing, a push plate, a signal generator, a biasing member, a first latch element, a second latch element, and a button. The push plate is movably mounted to the housing. The signal generator includes a switch. The switch is in electrical communication with circuitry through which a signal is transmitted. The biasing member is disposed between the push plate and the signal generator. The biasing member biases the push plate away from the signal generator. The first latch element is connected to the push plate. The second latch element is disposed in the housing. The first latch element and the second latch element engage with one another to limit the movement of the push plate away from the signal generator as the biasing member acts on the push plate.
US07772505B2
According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are provided of shielding apparatus suitable for use in providing electromagnetic interference shielding for one or more electrical components on a substrate. In one exemplary embodiment, a shielding apparatus generally includes first and second walls. The first wall includes laterally spaced-apart detent protrusions. The second wall includes an edge portion disposed relative to the first wall such that an interface between the edge portion of the second wall and the first wall is substantially sealed against the ingress and/or egress of electromagnetic interference through the interface. The edge portion of the second wall is engaged generally between and laterally confined by the laterally spaced-apart detent protrusions of the first wall, such that the laterally spaced-apart detent protrusions inhibit movement of the second wall relative to the first wall. Accordingly, this helps retain the interface between the edge portion of the second wall and the first wall substantially sealed against the ingress and/or egress of electromagnetic interference through the interface.
US07772488B2
The present invention provides a case assembly structure of an electronic device. The case assembly structure includes a first case, a second case and a heat-dissipating element. The first case has an engaging hole and a first opening. The second case has an engaging element engaged with the engaging hole of the first case and a second opening aligned with the first opening of the first case. The heat-dissipating element includes a fastening hole aligned with the first opening of the first case and the second opening of the second case. The first case, the second case and the heat-dissipating element are combined together by penetrating a fastening element through the first opening, the second opening and the fastening hole.
US07772471B2
In order to allow a two-sided instrument case to also serve as a stand for guitars and the like, when the case is in its open position, a flat plate having a central notch in one end is adapted to be supported between the open case side so it is closely spaced relative to the hinge which joins the case sides. When the case is moved to the closed position, the plate may either be removed for storage in the case with the instrument, or may be alternatively positioned so that it may be folded into a closed position within the case.
US07772470B1
A self-contained, surface-mount guitar tremolo is disclosed. A particular embodiment includes a surface-mount base plate; a plurality of individually adjustable string fingers attached to the base plate; side plates attached to the base plate; a first pivot roller attached to the side plates; a second pivot roller attached to the side plates; a rocker attached to the second pivot roller; and a spring preload adjuster attached to the rocker, the spring preload adjuster including a plurality of springs attached at one end to the base plate and attached at a second end to the spring preload adjuster.
US07772463B2
The present invention relates to plant cells and plants, which are genetically modified, whereby the genetic modification leads to an increase in the activity of a starch-phosphorylating OK1 protein in comparison to the corresponding wild type plant cells or wild type plants that have not been genetically modified. In addition, the present invention concerns means and methods for the manufacture of such plant cells and plants. These types of plant cells and plants synthesize a modified starch. Therefore, the present invention also concerns the starches synthesized from the plant cells and plants according to the invention, methods for manufacturing these starches, and the manufacture of starch derivatives of these modified starches, as well as flours containing starches according to the invention.Furthermore, the present invention also relates to nucleic acids, coding starch-phosphorylating OK1 proteins, vectors, host cells, plant cells, and plants containing such nucleic acid molecules. In addition, the present invention relates to OK1 proteins that have starch-phosphorylating activity.
US07772459B2
The invention relates to the production of proteins and other substances of interest in saliva of transgenic animals, particularly in mammals that produce large quantities of saliva, particularly monogastric ruminants, and ovine, caprine and bovine mammals. Preferred embodiments of the invention relate in particular to the production of foreign and modified proteins in the transgenic saliva of these animals, including particularly human fibrinogen, human prothrombin and human thrombin, among others. The invention relates as well to methods, devices, genetic constructs and to transgenic constructs for making the proteins and other substances of interest, to novel saliva and saliva-derived compositions, novel products from the saliva, and to uses of the saliva, saliva-derived compositions and novel products.
US07772443B2
An iodine-containing fluoropolyether represented by the following general formula [I]: RfO[CF(CF3)CF2O]mCF(CF3)(CH2)nI [I] (where Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 0-10, and n is an integer of 3-12), is a novel compound having a perfluoropolyetheralkyl group capable of giving a flexibility to the molecule chain through the etheral bond, said perfluoropolyether alkyl group being bonded to the alkyl iodide having an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and can be produced by reaction of a fluoropolyether group-containing alcohol represented by the following general formula [II]: RfO[CF(CF3)CF2O]mCF(CF3)(CH2)nOH [II] (Where Rf, m, and n have the same meanings as defined above) with a metal iodide, preferably potassium iodide.
US07772434B2
The invention provides a novel β2 adrenergic receptor agonist in crystalline salt form. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel β2 adrenergic receptor agonist in crystalline salt form, formulations containing the pharmaceutical compositions, methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases associated with β2 adrenergic receptor activity, and processes useful for preparing such crystalline compounds.
US07772430B2
Described herein are derivatives of arylsulfonamido-substituted hydroxamic acid of formula (I) having good solubility in water and inhibitory activity of matrix metalloproteinases, useful for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of diseases associated to a pathologic activity and/or an over-expression of metalloproteinases, and of cosmetic preparations having anti-ageing properties in particular for hair and skin.
US07772413B2
The invention relates to newly identified pentamine based surfactant compounds, to the use of such compounds and their production. The invention also relates to the use of the pentamine based compounds to facilitate the transfer of polynucleotides into cells.
US07772410B2
Processes comprising: (a) providing a reactant comprising a component selected from the group consisting of o-xylene, naphthalene and mixtures thereof, and a gas comprising oxygen; (b) reacting the reactant and the gas in a reaction system, in the presence of a catalyst, to form phthalic anhydride; wherein the reaction system comprises: (i) at least two reaction zones, each reaction zone cooled with a coolant; and (ii) an intermediate cooling zone disposed between a first of the at least two reaction zones and a second of the at least two reaction zones; and wherein the coolant entering the first of the at least two reaction zones has a temperature which is more than 20° C. higher than a temperature of the coolant entering the second of the at leas two reaction zones.
US07772397B2
This invention relates to derivatives of hemiasterlin or Geodiamolide G having anti-mitotic activities and useful in treating cancer. These derivatives are represented by general formula I, wherein Y, n, R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R70, R71, R72, R74, and R75 are as defined in the specification.
US07772379B2
13-benzenesulfonylhydrazone anthracyclines useful in producing improved yields in the synthesis 13-deoxyanthrcyclines, and an improved method of reducing 13-benzene-sulfonylhydrazone anthracyclines to 13-deoxyanthrcyclines wherein the reduction reaction is maintained at temperatures of about 55° C. to 64° C. without stirring or agitation. The reaction is completed with the addition of aqueous bicarbonate which forms the 13-deoxyanthracycline and precipitates. The precipitates are filtered and the precipitate and filtrate are extracted separately with organic solvents. The crude 13-deoxy anthracycline can be converted to 5-imino-13-deoxy anthracycline by reaction with methanolic ammonia. The reaction can also be performed with an acidic pyridinium salt instead of a strong acid so that neutralization of the reaction or extraction of the product is not necessary, thereby facilitating purification.
US07772361B2
A PBI compound that includes imidazole nitrogens, at least a portion of which are substituted with an organic-inorganic hybrid moiety. At least 85% of the imidazole nitrogens may be substituted. The organic-inorganic hybrid moiety may be an organosilane moiety, for example, (R)Me2SiCH2—, where R is selected from among methyl, phenyl, vinyl, and allyl. The PBI compound may exhibit similar thermal properties in comparison to the unsubstituted PBI. The PBI compound may exhibit a solubility in an organic solvent greater than the solubility of the unsubstituted PBI. The PBI compound may be included in separatory media. A substituted PBI synthesis method may include providing a parent PBI in a less than 5 wt % solvent solution. Substituting may occur at about room temperature and/or at about atmospheric pressure. Substituting may use at least five equivalents in relation to the imidazole nitrogens to be substituted or, preferably, about fifteen equivalents.
US07772350B2
A method for preparing polyorganosiloxanes (POS) by a ring-opening polymerization and/or linear, non-linear or cyclic POS redistribution in the presence of a nucleophilic carbene. The initial efficiency of the POS conversion is substantially increased at low temperature, resulting in less residual content of initial POS.
US07772348B2
A compound having two or more thiol groups and an atom selected from metal atoms in a molecule, a polythiol composition containing such a compound, a polymerizable composition containing such a polythiol composition, a resin obtained by polymerization of such a polymerizable composition, and an optical component obtained from such a resin are provided. The polymerizable composition can be a raw material for a resin having high transparency, good heat resistance and mechanical strength required for optical components such as plastic lenses and the like, while attaining a high refractive index (nd) exceeding 1.7.
US07772339B2
A process for producing electrophoretic particles containing core particles includes a step of forming the core particles by polymerization of a composition comprising a colorant, a first polymerizable monomer, a second polymerizable monomer having a functional group which is capable of reacting with a living radical polymerization initiation group precursor, and a polymerization initiator; a step of providing a living radical polymerization initiation group at a surface of each core particle by reacting a compound having the living radical polymerization initiation group precursor with the functional group; and a step of providing a polymer chain to the living radical polymerization initiation group by living radical polymerization.
US07772337B2
This invention provides a method of making a molecular sieve catalyst composition comprising the steps of: a) combining molecular sieve crystals with binder and liquid to form a binder-sieve mixture; b) combining the binder-sieve mixture with matrix material to form a binder-sieve-matrix mixture; c) mixing the binder-sieve-matrix mixture under conditions sufficient to form a slurry having a solids content of at least 40 wt %, based on total weight of the slurry; d) progressing the mixing until slurry viscosity decreases without significant additional dilution of the slurry, so that the slurry solids content does not significantly decrease; and e) drying the decreased viscosity slurry to produce a dried molecular sieve catalyst composition having an attrition rate index of not greater than 1 wt %/hr. The aforementioned catalyst compositions can be used in processes for making olefin product from oxygenate feedstock, which olefin products can be further used for making (co)polymer products.
US07772336B2
An object of the present invention is to provide highly pure α-methylstyrene by efficiently removing polar substances present in the α-methylstyrene. The present invention discloses a method for purifying α-methylstyrene by reacting polar substances contained in the α-methylstyrene in the presence of a basic substance, and separating a reaction product of the polar substance and the α-methylstyrene.
US07772329B2
A toughened nylon that comprises a matrix nylon and a long-chain nylon is described. The matrix nylon is prepared by the homopolymerization or copolymerization of cyclic lactams monomers and their corresponding amino acids. The structure of said cyclic lactams is represented by Formula (I) and the structure of amino acids is represented by (I′). In Formula (I) and (I′) A is H or alkyl with 1-8 carbon and 3≦n≦11. The long-chain nylon is selected from nylons that contain repeating units having structures represented by Formula (II), (III) or (IV). In Formula (II) D is —(CH2)x—, in which H may be substituted with C1-4 alkyl optionally; E is —(CH2)y— or phenylene, in which H may be substituted with C1-4 alkyl optionally; 4≦x≦34 and 4≦y≦34. In Formula (IV) 5≦u≦34, 5≦v≦34, and u≠v. The proportion of said long-chain nylon in the total weight of toughened nylon is 2-45%. As the toughened nylon has very good interface combination, only one melting peak is detected with differential scanning calorimetry. Besides the preparation process and application of the toughened nylon are described hereafter too.
US07772316B2
A high temperature polyamide coating and a fastener coated with a composition that includes from about 60 wt. % to about 80 wt. % of an aliphatic polyamide having a repeating unit. The composition also includes from about 3 wt. % to about 9 wt. % of an epoxy based resin having a molecular weight in the range from about 525 to about 585, from about 4 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of a ceramic microsphere material and from about 2 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of a thermoplastic methacrylate binder, from about 4 wt. % to about 12 wt. % of crushed glass, from about 0.1 wt. % to about 1 wt. % of a polyamide with a secondary amino group as a curing agent, and the balance of an epoxy based curing agent.
US07772311B2
A composition is provided that is applicable for providing a non-stick abrasion-resistant coating on a surface, but not as a primer layer, said composition comprising fluoropolymer and an effective amount of ceramic particles having an average size of at least about 10 micrometers to improve the abrasion resistance of said coating on said surface by at least 10% as determined by the dry SBAR method, said composition optionally containing adhesion promoter in an amount up to about 10 wt % of the wt. of said fluoropolymer.
