Abstract:
An integrated metrology module includes a chuck for holding a sample and positioning the sample with respect to an optical metrology device, a reference chip for the optical metrology device, the reference chip being movable to various positions with respect to the optical metrology device, and a reference chip purge device provides a flow of purge gas or air over the reference chip while the reference chip is in the various positions. The reference chip purge device may be static or movable with the reference chip.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for detecting at least one chemical species including obtaining a first image from a first electromagnetic radiation detector and obtaining a second image from a second electromagnetic radiation detector. The first image includes a first plurality of pixels and the second image includes a second plurality of pixels, each pixel having an associated intensity value. A first resultant image is generated. The first resultant image includes a plurality of resultant pixels, each pixel having an associated intensity value. One or more regions of interest are determined. The correlation between the first image, the second image, and the first resultant image is determined for the one or more regions of interest using a correlation coefficient algorithm to calculate a first correlation coefficient and a second correlation coefficient. The presence of the chemical species is determined based, at least in part, on the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient.
Abstract:
An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition which can be detected both by X-ray radiation and by fluorescence or phosphorescence, and a molded article obtained from the resin composition. The present invention provides a resin composition containing a light-emitting substance and a radiopaque substance; in which the light-emitting substance is a near-infrared fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material. a radiopaque substance of the resin composition is any one of barium sulfate, bismuth oxide, bismuth subcarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, tungsten, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, zirconium, titanium, platinum, bismuth subnitrate, and bismuth.A molded article can be obtained by processing any one of the resin compositions described above.
Abstract:
An inverse photoemission spectroscopy apparatus is configured to detect a light generated by the relaxation of electrons to an unoccupied state of a sample.The apparatus includes an electron source for generating electrons with which a sample is irradiated, a wavelength selector for extracting a light having a certain wavelength from the light generated in the sample, a photodetector for detecting the light extracted by the wavelength selector; and a focusing optics disposed between the sample and the photodetector. The electron source contains yttrium oxide as a thermionic emission material.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sensorelement (11) für Photolumineszenz-Messungen, mit einer optisch durchlässigen Trägerstruktur (19), auf der eine Lumineszenzstruktur (21) angeordnet ist, die eingerichtet ist zur Intensivierung und zur Weiterleitung von Lumineszenzlicht an die Trägerstruktur (19), wobei die Lumineszenzstruktur eine der Trägerstruktur (19) abgewandte, nanostrukturierte Oberfläche (25) aufweist.
Abstract:
The invention is a SPR sensor that comprises a multi-layered plasmonic structure on a substrate for sensing. The SPR sensor has an enhanced figure of merit and lower limit of detection (system noise divided by the sensitivity) by at least two orders of magnitude than prior art SPR sensors. The plasmonic structure of the invention comprises a Nanostructured Porous Metal Layer (NPML) and at least one of: (a) buried dielectric layer under the nano-porous metal layer; (b) a nano-dimensional high index layer on top of the metal layer; and (c) a molecular layer for bio-functionalization adjacent to an analyte layer. The invention also encompasses many embodiments of measuring systems that comprise the SPR sensors of the invention with improved signal to noise ratio.
Abstract:
Biomarkers of high blood pressure are measured to identify high blood pressure of the subject based on one or more biomarkers. In many embodiments, the response of the biomarker to blood pressure occurs over the course of at least an hour, such that the high blood pressure identification is based on a cumulative effect of physiology of the subject over a period of time. The methods and apparatus of identifying high blood pressure with biomarkers have the advantage of providing improved treatment of the subject, as the identified biomarker can be related to an effect of the high blood pressure on the subject, such as a biomarker corresponding to central blood pressure. The sample can be subjected to increases in one or more of pressure or temperatures, and changes in the blood sample measured over time.
Abstract:
The invention relates to cleavable chemistry in general, and in particular, to tunable fluorescence using cleavable linkers present in fluorochrome-quencher conjugates.
Abstract:
In order to determine the location (X M ) of individual molecules of a substance in a sample, wherein the individual molecules of the substance are in a fluorescent state in which they are excitable with excitation light for emission of fluorescent light, and wherein distances between the individual molecules of the substance in a region of interest in the sample comply with a minimum value d = λ/(2nsinα √(1 + l/ls)), the individual molecules of the substance are excited with the excitation light for emission of fluorescent light, wherein an intensity distribution of the excitation light has at least one zero. The fluorescent light from the excited individual molecules of the substance is registered for different positions (X N ) of the at least one zero of the intensity distribution of the excitation light in the region of interest in the sample. In this case, distances between closest adjacent positions (X N ) of the at least one zero of the intensity distribution of the excitation light in which the fluorescent light from the excited individual molecules of the substance is registered are not greater than half the minimum value d. The locations (X M ) of the individual molecules of the substance are then derived from the profile of the intensity (I) of the fluorescent light from the respective molecule against the positions (X N ) of the at least one zero of the intensity distribution of the excitation light in the region of interest in the sample.
Abstract:
A method of assessing a tissue sample includes the steps of:: 1) splitting source electromagnetic radiation into: a) sample arm radiation directed in a Z direction toward a sample thereby illuminating the sample at a first selected XY coordinate pair of the sample, and b) reflector arm radiation directed toward a reflector so that the reflector arm radiation travels a path length;
2) interfering sample-scattered electromagnetic radiation with reflector-reflected electromagnetic radiation thereby establishing an interference pattern associated with the sample; 3) comparing the sample interference pattern to a reference interference pattern; and 4) reaching a conclusion about the sample based on the comparison.