摘要:
A leakage detection system (1) detects leakage of sodium in an air cooler (210) in a decay heat removal system for removing decay heat generated in a reactor internal by using sodium as a coolant. The leakage detection system (1) includes a camera (2) that detects at least one of a sodium droplet and sodium aerosol in a flow path of air in the air cooler (210), a measurement device (3) that measures concentration of sodium in the air at a downstream side of the camera (2), and a determination unit (43) that determines detection of leakage of sodium based on a detection result of the camera (2) and a measurement result of the measurement device (3).
摘要:
A discharge electrode, a thin-film deposition apparatus, and a solar cell fabrication method, which suppress the generation of a film thickness distribution and a film quality distribution, are provided. The discharge electrode includes two lateral structures 20 that are substantially parallel to each other and extend in an X direction; and a plurality of longitudinal structures 21a that are provided between the two lateral structures, are substantially parallel to each other, and extend in a Y direction substantially orthogonal to the X direction. The longitudinal structures 21a each include an electrode main body 35 whose one end 35a is connected to one of the lateral structures 20 and whose the other end 35b is connected to the other lateral structure 20; a gas pipe 41 disposed in a gas-pipe accommodating space 36; and a porous body 40. An opening 38 opens to a substrate 8 and is covered with the porous body 40. A gas diffusion path 37 connects the gas-pipe accommodating space 36 and the opening 38. The electrode inner surface 39 faces the gas-pipe accommodating space 36 and opposes the pipe outer surface 42b. A nozzle hole group 42c is arranged in the second direction in the gas pipe 41, and faces a section 39a at a side opposite to the gas diffusion path 37 in the electrode inner surface 39.
摘要:
Provided is a highly-efficient triple-junction thin-film photoelectric conversion device in which the short-circuit current value obtained at each photoelectric conversion layer is equalized, and which has a high haze factor. A thin-film photoelectric conversion device (100) is provided with a transparent electrode layer (2) and three silicon photoelectric conversion layers (91, 92, 93), in said order, on a substrate (1). The transparent electrode layer (2) has at least one opening section (5), which exposes the surface of the substrate (1) and which was formed by means of the etching process, and a haze factor of 60% or more in relation to the light in the broad wavelength region of the transparent electrode layer (2).
摘要:
To provide a vacuum processing apparatus that is capable of increasing the quality of a deposited film, increasing the area thereof, and increasing deposition speed. A discharge chamber (2) formed of a ridge waveguide having ridge electrodes that are disposed facing each other and that generate plasma therebetween; a gas supplying portion (10) that is disposed adjacent to the discharge chamber (2) and that supplies source gas, which is used to form the plasma, toward the ridge electrodes; a substrate (S) that is disposed at a position such that the gas supplying portion (10) is flanked by the substrate (S) and the discharge chamber (2) and that is subjected to the processing by the plasma; a low-pressure vessel (7) that accommodates thereinside at least the discharge chamber (2), the gas supplying portion (10), and the substrate (S); and an exhaust portion (9) that is communicated at a position in the low-pressure vessel (7) such that this position and the gas supplying portion (10) are disposed on either side of the discharge chamber (2), and that reduces the pressure inside the low-pressure vessel (7) are provided.
摘要:
A photovoltaic device and a process for producing the photovoltaic device that combine a high photovoltaic conversion efficiency with a high level of productivity. The photovoltaic device includes at least a transparent electrode-bearing substrate, prepared by providing a transparent electrode layer 2 on a transparent, electrically insulating substrate 1, and a photovoltaic layer 92 containing mainly crystalline silicon-based semiconductors and a back electrode layer 4 formed sequentially on the transparent electrode layer 2 of the transparent electrode-bearing substrate, wherein the surface of the transparent electrode layer 2 of the transparent electrode-bearing substrate has a shape that contains a mixture of coarse and fine roughness, and exhibits a spectral haze ratio of 20% or greater for wavelengths of from 550 nm to 800 nm, and the photovoltaic layer containing mainly crystalline silicon-based semiconductors has a film thickness of from 1.2 µm to 2 µm, and a Raman ratio of from 3.0 to 8.0.
摘要:
A vacuum processing apparatus capable of suppressing thermal deformation of a ridge electrode and a substrate, and capable of performing stable plasma processing of even large substrates. The apparatus comprises: a discharge chamber (2) composed of a ridge waveguide having an exhaust-side ridge electrode (21a) and a substrate-side ridge electrode (21b) between which a plasma is formed; a pair of converters, which convert high-frequency power into TE mode, which represents the basic transmission mode of rectangular waveguides, for transmission to the discharge chamber (2), and form a plasma between the exhaust-side ridge electrode (21a) and the substrate-side ridge electrode (21b); a uniform heating temperature controller (40), which is disposed on the outer surface of the substrate-side ridge electrode (21b) and heats the electrode uniformly; and a heat-absorbing temperature control unit (50), which is disposed on the outer surface of the exhaust-side ridge electrode (21a) and controls thermal flux through the thickness direction of a substrate (S) undergoing plasma processing. The substrate (S) is disposed between the exhaust-side ridge electrode (21a) and the substrate-side ridge electrode (21b), and subjected to plasma processing.
摘要:
Disclosed are a multi-junction photoelectric converter and an integrated multi-junction photoelectric converter, having a two-terminal structure, of which layers are laminated under less constraint of the previously laminated layers. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing such converters. A plurality of photoelectric conversion cells of which spectral sensitivities differ from each other are laminated. At least the photoelectric conversion cells (2, 4) located at a light receiving end and the other end have conductive thin film layers (5a and 5b, 5c and 5d), respectively, on the top layers to be connected thereof. Another photoelectric conversion cell (3) has conductive thin film layers (16a, 16b) at the top and bottom layers, respectively, to be connected thereof. The top and bottom layers are joined to the top and bottom layers of the other cells via anisotropic conductive adhesive layers (6a, 6b) containing conductive fine particles in a transparent insulating material. The conductive fine particles in the anisotropic conductive adhesive layers (6a, 6b) electrically connect the layers in a direction along which the layers are laminated, and the conductive thin film layers (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) electrically connect the photoelectric conversion layers (2, 3, 4) serving as materials to be joined in lateral directions (in-plane direction).
摘要:
Provided is a photoelectric conversion device fabrication method that realizes both high productivity and high conversion efficiency by rapidly forming an n-layer having good coverage. The fabrication method for a photoelectric conversion device (100) includes a step of forming a silicon photoelectric conversion layer (3) on a substrate (1) by a plasma CVD method. In the fabrication method for the photoelectric conversion device (100), the step of forming the photoelectric conversion layer (3) includes a step of forming an i-layer (42) formed of crystalline silicon and a step of forming, on the i-layer (42), an n-layer (43) under a condition with a hydrogen dilution ratio of 0 to 10, inclusive.
摘要:
A process for producing a photovoltaic device, wherein when providing an n-type amorphous silicon layer on an i-type amorphous silicon layer, a desired crystallization ratio can be achieved without reducing the deposition rate. The production process comprises a p-layer formation step of depositing a p-type amorphous silicon layer, an i-layer formation step of depositing an i-type amorphous silicon layer on the p-type amorphous silicon layer, and an n-layer formation step of depositing an n-type amorphous silicon layer on the i-type amorphous silicon layer, wherein the n-layer formation step comprises a first n-layer formation step of depositing a first n-layer on the i-type amorphous silicon layer, and a second n-layer formation step of depositing a second n-layer on the first n-layer, and the deposition conditions for the first n-layer formation step are conditions that yield a higher crystallization ratio than the deposition conditions for the second n-layer formation step, for deposition onto the same base material substrate.