摘要:
The present invention relates to a reflection based modulator (1) for N parallel binary valued data-streams (D 1 , D 2 ). The reflection based modulator comprises a main multi-port structure (10) comprising O ports (P 1 -P 6 ), wherein one (P 2 ) of the O ports is used as an input port for a carrier signal (a P2 ), and another (P 1 ) of the O ports is used as an output port for a modulated signal (b P1 ), and wherein the remaining O-2 ports (P 3 -P 6 ) in the main multi-port structure each is connected to a reflection coefficient generating system (20a-d). Each reflection coefficient generating system comprises N binary valued impedance loads (Z) each adapted to receive and to be controlled by one of the N parallel binary valued data-streams respectively. Each impedance load is adapted to receive an input signal and return a reflected signal, wherein the reflection coefficient is dependent on the received binary valued datastream, and the N reflected signals generated in the reflection coefficient generating system are adapted to be returned to the main multi-port structure as a combined reflection coefficient signal (a P3 -a P6 ).
摘要:
According to at least one aspect, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuit configured to receive a digital signal and provide an analog signal is provided. The DAC circuit includes a first circuit configured to receive a first portion of the digital signal and generate a first output voltage at a level selected from a first plurality of levels where at least two adjacent voltage levels have a first potential difference. The DAC circuit further includes a second circuit configured to receive a second portion of the digital signal and generate a second output voltage at a level selected from a second plurality of levels where at least two adjacent voltage levels have a second potential difference and the second circuit includes a compensation circuit configured to adjust the second potential difference such that the second potential difference is an integer multiple of the first potential difference.
摘要:
A Josephson junction has a Si substrate (1), a two layer film comprising an amorphous MgO layer (2) and a high orientation MgO layer (3) on the Si substrate, and a NbN film or the NbCN film (7) laminated on the two layer film.
摘要:
L'invention concerne un nouveau type de convertisseur numérique-analogique et son application à un circuit électronique à architecture neuromorphique. Le convertisseur comprend - plusieurs transistors (T1-T8) de caractéristiques géométriques nominales identiques mais de caractéristiques courant-tension dispersées telles que lorsqu'on applique une tension grille-source constante aux différents transistors il circule dans le transistor un courant variable en fonction de la dispersion, - une table numérique (LUT) recevant un mot numérique (DATA) et ayant une sortie de sélection pour sélectionner, en fonction du mot à convertir, un transistor ou un groupe de transistors fournissant un courant de valeur désirée représentant ce mot sous forme analogique. La table de correspondance est chargée en fonction de caractéristiques courant-tension réelles mesurées des différents transistors de l'ensemble, pour établir une correspondance entre les mots et les valeurs de courant. La grande variabilité des caractéristiques des transistors, notamment leur courant de fuite pour une tension grille-source au-dessous du seuil de conduction, permet de trouver des combinaisons de courants de fuite qui représentent bien les mots à convertir.
摘要:
A successive approximation analogue to digital converter including at least one superconducting loop (Fig. 3-30; Fig. 8-68). Superconducting loops (61-64) may be used to store flux quanta used as reference levels in a digital to analogue converter of the analogue to digital converter. Alternatively, non-superconducting reference inductors (Fig. 3-38) can provide flux quanta reference levels. Switchable screens (34;66) are interposed between the flux quanta stores and lobes (31;74) in an addition/subtraction superconducting loop (30;68). An analogue signal is sampled and the corresponding magnetic flux coupled to a sensing lobe (32;71) and concentrated at a flux concentrating lobe (33;72). The reference fluxes are selectively coupled into the addition/subtraction superconducting loop until a magnetometer (40;73) indicates zero net flux through the concentrating lobe, this corresponding to completion of the conversion.
摘要:
A digital-to-analog converter well suited for fabrication in monolithic form, in which lower-order bits of the input are converted by means of binary-weighted current switches, and higher-order bits of the input are converted by means of a thermometer-type decoder and current segment switches. Specifically, the converter includes a digital input register, a second register to receive the lower-order bits of the input, a set of binary-weighted current switches to generate an analog signal component proportional to the lower-order bits of the input, a thermometer-type decode to decode the higher-order bits of the input, and a set of identical current segment switches to generate an analog signal component proportional to the higher-order bits of the input. Importantly, there is also a third register between the decoder and the identical current segment switches, to insure that the current-weighted switches and the identical current segment switches are actuated simultaneously to minimize output transients.
摘要:
A circuit includes a digital-to-analog converter configured to produce an analog output signal (1) proportional to a reference signal and (2) as a function of a digital input signal. The converter comprises a plurality of non-trivially complex admittances configured so that each non-trivially complex admittance can be selectively switched as a function of the digital input signal so as to be coupled between a reference terminal configured to receive a reference signal and an output terminal. The method comprises selectively switching non-trivially complex admittances as a function of the digital signal between a reference terminal and an output terminal.
摘要:
A Josephson junction has a Si substrate (1), a two layer film comprising an amorphous MgO layer (2) and a high orientation MgO layer (3) on the Si substrate, and a NbN film or the NbCN film (7) laminated on the two layer film.
摘要:
Un convertisseur numérique analogique (CNA), destiné aux fréquences très élevées, est décrit. Il comporte un premier étage, classique, dans lequel une pluralité de charges modulables, montées en parallèle, débitent des courants en progression géométrique dans un transistor (14) transformateur courant-tension. Chaque charge modulable comprend un transistor d'entrée (1), sur la grille duquel est adressé un bit, ainsi qu'une diode (10) et une résistance saturable (2). Le second étage est un décaleur, constitué par un transistor (15) monté en source suiveuse, en série avec au moins une diode (16) et un transistor de rappel (18) dont la source est à un potentiel négatif (V SS ). La tension au drain (A) du transistor (14) transformateur est appliquée à la grille du transistor (15) décaleur, et la tension de sortie (V S ) au drain du transistor (18) de rappel est rebouclée sur la grille du transistor (14) transformateur. Application aux circuits intégrés pour conversion numérique analogique en hyperfréquences.