Optical ring resonator-based microfluidic sensor

    公开(公告)号:US11768153B1

    公开(公告)日:2023-09-26

    申请号:US17689120

    申请日:2022-03-08

    IPC分类号: G01N21/31 G02B6/293

    摘要: Disclosed is a structure (e.g., a lab-on-chip structure) including a substrate, an insulator layer on the substrate, and at least one optical ring resonator. Each ring resonator includes cladding material on the insulator layer and, embedded within the cladding material, a first waveguide core with an input and an output, and second waveguide core(s) (e.g., ring waveguide core(s)) positioned laterally adjacent to the first waveguide core. A reservoir is below the ring resonator within the insulator layer and substrate such that surfaces of the waveguide cores are exposed within the reservoir. During a sensing operation, the waveguide core surfaces contact with fluid within the reservoir and a light signal at the output of the first waveguide core is monitored (e.g., by a sensing circuit, which in some embodiments is also coupled to a reference optical ring resonator) and used, for example, for spectrum-based target identification and, optionally, characterization.

    OPTICAL POWER MODULATORS BASED ON TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION

    公开(公告)号:US20220146863A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-05-12

    申请号:US17092793

    申请日:2020-11-09

    IPC分类号: G02F1/01

    摘要: Structures for an optical power modulator and methods of fabricating a structure for an optical power modulator. A waveguide core includes a longitudinal axis, a first section, and a second section spaced from the first section along the longitudinal axis. An active layer includes a portion positioned along the longitudinal axis between the first section and the second section of the waveguide core. The active layer contains a material configured to have a first state with a first refractive index in response to an applied stimulus and a second state with a second refractive index different from the first refractive index.

    Physically unclonable function architecture including memory cells with parallel-connected access transistors and common write wordlines

    公开(公告)号:US11145349B1

    公开(公告)日:2021-10-12

    申请号:US17034405

    申请日:2020-09-28

    摘要: Disclosed is a memory cell including parallel-connected first access transistors and a first variable resistor in series between a bitline and a source line and parallel-connected second access transistors and a second variable resistor in series between the bitline and the source line. A write wordline controls one pair of first and second access transistors so that, during an initialization mode, the resistors are concurrently subjected to the same write bias conditions for one-time programming to switch from an unprogrammed state (where the resistors have the same first resistance state) to a programmed state (where one resistor has switched to a second resistance state and a bit is stored). Discrete first and second read wordlines control another pair of first and second access transistors to enable discrete read processes associated with the first and second variable resistors. Also disclosed are an associated circuit (e.g., a PUF) and a method.

    Optical power modulators based on total internal reflection

    公开(公告)号:US11474383B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-10-18

    申请号:US17092793

    申请日:2020-11-09

    IPC分类号: G02F1/035 G02F1/01

    摘要: Structures for an optical power modulator and methods of fabricating a structure for an optical power modulator. A waveguide core includes a longitudinal axis, a first section, and a second section spaced from the first section along the longitudinal axis. An active layer includes a portion positioned along the longitudinal axis between the first section and the second section of the waveguide core. The active layer contains a material configured to have a first state with a first refractive index in response to an applied stimulus and a second state with a second refractive index different from the first refractive index.

    OPTICAL RING RESONATOR-BASED MICROFLUIDIC SENSOR

    公开(公告)号:US20230288321A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-09-14

    申请号:US17689120

    申请日:2022-03-08

    IPC分类号: G01N21/31 G02B6/293

    摘要: Disclosed is a structure (e.g., a lab-on-chip structure) including a substrate, an insulator layer on the substrate, and at least one optical ring resonator. Each ring resonator includes cladding material on the insulator layer and, embedded within the cladding material, a first waveguide core with an input and an output, and second waveguide core(s) (e.g., ring waveguide core(s)) positioned laterally adjacent to the first waveguide core. A reservoir is below the ring resonator within the insulator layer and substrate such that surfaces of the waveguide cores are exposed within the reservoir. During a sensing operation, the waveguide core surfaces contact with fluid within the reservoir and a light signal at the output of the first waveguide core is monitored (e.g., by a sensing circuit, which in some embodiments is also coupled to a reference optical ring resonator) and used, for example, for spectrum-based target identification and, optionally, characterization.