摘要:
A technique is provided for forming a molecule or an array of molecules having a defined orientation relative to the substrate or for forming a mold for deposition of a material therein. The array of molecules is formed by dispersing them in an array of small, aligned holes (nanopores), or mold, in a substrate. Typically, the material in which the nanopores are formed is insulating. The underlying substrate may be either conducting or insulating. For electronic device applications, the substrate is, in general, electrically conducting and may be exposed at the bottom of the pores so that one end of the molecule in the nanopore makes electrical contact to the substrate. A substrate such as a single-crystal silicon wafer is especially convenient because many of the process steps to form the molecular array can use techniques well developed for semiconductor device and integrated-circuit fabrication.
摘要:
A technique is provided for forming a molecule or an array of molecules having a defined orientation relative to the substrate or for forming a mold for deposition of a material therein. The array of molecules is formed by dispersing them in an array of small, aligned holes (nanopores), or mold, in a substrate. Typically, the material in which the nanopores are formed is insulating. The underlying substrate may be either conducting or insulating. For electronic device applications, the substrate is, in general, electrically conducting and may be exposed at the bottom of the pores so that one end of the molecule in the nanopore makes electrical contact to the substrate. A substrate such as a single-crystal silicon wafer is especially convenient because many of the process steps to form the molecular array can use techniques well developed for semiconductor device and integrated-circuit fabrication.
摘要:
Methods for forming a predetermined pattern of catalytic regions having nanoscale dimensions are provided for use in the growth of nanowires. The methods include one or more nanoimprinting steps to produce arrays of catalytic nanoislands or nanoscale regions of catalytic material circumscribed by noncatalytic material.
摘要:
Methods for forming a predetermined pattern of catalytic regions having nanoscale dimensions are provided for use in the growth of nanowires. The methods include one or more nanoimprinting steps to produce arrays of catalytic nanoislands or nanoscale regions of catalytic material circumscribed by noncatalytic material.
摘要:
Self-organized, or self-assembled, nanowires of a first composition may be used as an etching mask for fabrication of nanowires of a second composition. The method for forming such nanowires comprises: (a) providing an etchable layer of the second composition and having a buried insulating layer beneath a major surface thereof; (b) growing self-assembled nanowires on the surface of the etchable layer; and (c) etching the etchable layer anisotropically down to the insulating layer, using the self-assembled nanowires as a mask. The self-assembled nanowires may be removed or left. In either event, nanowires of the second composition are formed. The method enables the formation of one-dimensional crystalline nanowires with widths and heights at the nanometer scale, and lengths at the micrometer scale, which are aligned along certain crystallographic directions with high crystal quality. Further, the method of the present invention avoids traditional lithography methods, minimizes environmental toxic chemicals usage, simplifies the manufacturing processes, and allows the formation of high-quality one-dimensional nanowires over large areas.
摘要:
A method for growing a crystalline layer that includes a first material on a growth surface of a crystalline substrate of a second material, wherein the first material and the second material have different lattice constants. A buried layer is generated in the substrate such that the buried layer isolates a layer of the substrate that includes the growth surface from the remainder of the substrate. The first material is then deposited on the growth surface at a growth temperature. The isolated layer of the substrate has a thickness that is less than the thickness at which defects are caused in the crystalline lattice of the second material by the first material crystallizing thereon. The buried layer is sufficiently malleable at the growth temperature to allow the deformation of the lattice of the isolated layer without deforming the remainder of the substrate. The present invention may be utilized for growing III-V semiconducting material layers on silicon substrates. In the case of silicon-based substrates, the buried layer is preferably SiO2 that is sufficiently malleable at the growth temperature to allow the deformation of the isolated substrate layer.
摘要:
A gated nanoscale switch operates as a resonant tunneling device. A conductive channel is formed of a pair of conductive molecular wires and a conductive nanoparticle. Each molecular wire is bound, at one end, to the conductive nanoparticle and, at the opposed end, to one of a pair of electrodes. The structure is located upon a dielectric layer that overlies a conductive substrate. The device may be arranged to operate as a switch with the conductive substrate acting as a gate electrode. Alternatively, the device may be employed to measure the electrical (current versus voltage) characteristics of the molecular wires.
摘要:
A method for growing a crystalline layer that includes a first material on a growth surface of a crystalline substrate of a second material, wherein the first material and the second material have different lattice constants. A buried layer is generated in the substrate such that the buried layer isolates a layer of the substrate that includes the growth surface from the remainder of the substrate. The second material is then deposited on the growth surface at a growth temperature. The isolated layer of the substrate has a thickness that is less than the thickness at which defects are caused in the crystalline lattice of the first material by the second material crystallizing thereon. The buried layer is sufficiently malleable at the growth temperature to allow the deformation of the lattice of the isolated layer without deforming the remainder of the substrate. The present invention may be utilized for growing III-V semiconducting material layers on silicon substrates. In the case of silicon-based substrates, the buried layer is preferably SiO2 that is sufficiently malleable at the growth temperature to allow the deformation of the isolated substrate layer.
摘要:
The present invention provides Clostridium acetobutylicum and an application thereof. A preservation number of the Clostridium acetobutylicum provided in the invention is CGMCC No. 5234. The Clostridium acetobutylicum provided in the present invention can be used for cogeneration of acetone, butanol, ethanol, and 3-hydroxy butanone through fermentation, so as to improve the economic benefit of butanol fermentation. NAD+ coupling and regeneration can be implemented by adding metabolism or growth regulating substances, so as to improve the product yield, and at the same time, the yield of cogeneration products can be flexibly adjusted, so as to cater for the market demand.
摘要翻译:本发明提供丙酮丁醇梭菌及其应用。 本发明提供的丙酮丁醇梭菌的保藏号为CGMCC号5234.本发明提供的丙酮丁醇梭菌可通过发酵用于丙酮,丁醇,乙醇和3-羟基丁酮的热电联供,以改善 丁醇发酵的经济效益。 NAD +偶联和再生可以通过添加新陈代谢或生长调节物质来实现,从而提高产品产量,同时可以灵活调整热电产品的产量,以满足市场需求。
摘要:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an octopus toy showing my new design; FIG. 2 is another perspective view thereof; FIG. 3 is a front elevational view thereof; FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view thereof; FIG. 5 is a left side elevational view thereof; FIG. 6 is a right side elevational view thereof; FIG. 7 is a top plan view thereof; and, FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view thereof.