Abstract:
PROCESS OF OXIDIZING ORGANO BORANE COMPOUNDS CONTAINING BC-, BH- OR BN-LINKAGES BY REACTING SUCH COMPOUNDS WITH SECONDARY OR TERTIARY AMINE OXIDES OR HYDRATES THEREOF AT TEMPERATURES FROM ABOUT ROOM TEMPERATURE TO ABOUT 120*C.
Abstract:
Halogen-containing organo-tin compounds are prepared by reacting organo-tin-halohydrides with compounds having unsaturated groups (e.g. olefins, alkynes, aldehydes, ketones, unsaturated nitriles, Schiff's bases, and azo compounds) preferably in the presence of a radical producing catalyst (e.g. benzyl hyponitrile, azoisobutyric dinitrile or an azoisobutyric dialkyl ester) at less than 50 DEG C. with or without a solvent in an inert atmosphere (N2). Alkyl, aryl or aralkyl tin halohydrides of the formulae R2Sn(X)H,RSn(X)H2 or RSn(X2)H (preferably where R=C1-C8 alkyl or simple aryl, e.g. Ph) are prepared in situ from the corresponding organo-tin hydrides and organotin halides and may be reacted with the unsaturated compound to give organo-tin halohydrides with dissimilar organo-radicals and/or containing functional groups. The Sn-H group adds across the multiple bond. The following compounds are among those prepared in the examples: Ex. 2: (isoBu)2Sn(Br)-CH2-CH2CN; Ex. 3: Ph2Sn(Cl)-CH2-CHMePh; Ex. 5: Ph2Sn(Cl)(CH2)6-Sn(Cl)Ph2; Ex. 6: (nBu)2Sn(Cl)(CH2)3O(CH2)2OH; Ex. 11: EtSn(Br)2CH=CHPh; Ex. 14: (isoBu)2Sn(F)(CH2)3OH; Ex. 16: (nBu)2Sn(Cl)-N(nBu)CH2Ph.
Abstract:
Alkyl tin trihalides may be made by reacting a tetra-alkyl tin with tin tetra-chloride, -bromide or -iodide in the molar ratio 1:2. The reaction takes place in two stages which may be carried out independently: SnR4=SnX4--->RSnX3+R3SnX R3SnX=SnX4--->RSnX3+R2SnX2 Using short, unbranched chain alkyl groups the reaction may be initiated at between 0 DEG and 20 DEG C. and is faster than when using longer or branched chain alkyl groups, which require initiation at elevated temperatures. The process is preferably carried out by adding the tetraalkyl tin dropwise to the tin tetrahalide, thus ensuring an excess of the latter throughout the reaction. If desired, the tin tetrahalide may be used as a complex, e.g. with an ether. The product, which contains RSnX3 and R2SnX2 may be separated into its constituents by distillation. The process may be modified using a trialkyltin halide in place of the tetraalkyl tin.