摘要:
An exhaust gas purifying system reliably detects an amount of accumulated particulates, lengthens forced regeneration intervals, and improves fuel efficiency. The exhaust gas purifying system comprises: a particulate filter 22 disposed in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine 2 and collecting particulates from exhaust gas, and an NO2 generating unit 21 upstream of or in the particulate filter 22; a discharged particulate amount calculating unit A1 calculates an amount Me of discharged particulates on the basis of an excess air ratio λ; a burnt particulate amount calculating unit A2 calculates an amount Mb of burnt particulates on the basis of the temperature of exhaust gas in front of the particulate filter or the temperature of the particulate filter; and a particulate accumulation amount calculating unit calculates an amount Ma of accumulated particulates on the basis of the amount Me of discharged particulates or the amount Mb of burnt particulates.
摘要:
In a packing container for an electronic instrument, a pair of tubular shaped bottom cushioning portions is formed by bending a pair of inner bottom flaps several times, and a pair of tubular shaped top cushioning portions is formed by bending a pair of inner top flaps several times. Each of the cushioning portions has a reentrant formed by bending side walls thereof inward to the tubular shape, to which a part of electronic instrument is fitted. The bottom cushioning portions and the top cushioning portions are surface contacted with each other for reinforcing the strength of the container in height direction. Each cushioning portion further has a reinforcing board tightly contacting with the side board for reinforcing the side board.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having an organic semiconductor film comprises a step of preparing a transparent substrate at least having an opaque gate electrode and a gate insulator thereover, a step of forming a layer containing metal-nano-particles as a conductive layer for a source electrode and a drain electrode to the thus prepared transparent substrate, a step of applying exposure to the transparent substrate on the side of a surface not mounted with the opaque gate electrode, a step of flushing away a portion other than the source electrode and the drain electrode in the layer containing the metal-nano-particles after the exposure, and a step of forming an organic semiconductor layer forming a channel portion. Lower and upper electrodes are positioned in self-alignment manner and thus no positional displacement occurs even if a printing method is used. Accordingly, semiconductor devices such as flexible substrates using an organic semiconductor can be manufactured inexpensively by using a printing method.
摘要:
The technique capable of reducing the power consumption in the MISFET by suppressing the scattering of the carriers due to the fixed charges is provided. A silicon oxynitride film with a physical thickness of 1.5 nm or more and the relative dielectric constant of 4.1 or higher is formed at the interface between a semiconductor substrate and an alumina film. By so doing, a gate insulator composed of the silicon oxynitride film and the alumina film is constituted. The silicon oxynitride film is formed by performing a thermal treatment of a silicon oxide film formed on the semiconductor substrate in a NO or N2O atmosphere. In this manner, the fixed charges in the silicon oxynitride film are set to 5×1012 cm−2 or less, and the fixed charges in the interface between the silicon oxynitride film and the alumina film are set to 5×1012 cm−2 or more.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus has a micropattern reading unit, an encoded image generating unit and a code printing control unit. The micropattern reading unit reads a micropattern of a sheet. The encoded image generating unit generates an encoded image. The encoded image has the micropattern and a private key of a user. The code printing control unit prints the encoded image on the sheet to produce a certificate sheet.
摘要:
In a miniaturized field effect transistor, the roughness of the interface between a gate dielectric film and a gate electrode is controlled on an atomic scale. The thickness variation of the gate dielectric film is lowered, whereby a field effect transistor with high mobility is manufactured. An increase in the mobility in the field effect transistor can be achieved not only in the case of using a conventional SiO2 thermal oxide film as the gate dielectric film but also in the case of using a high dielectric material for the gate dielectric film.
摘要:
An exhaust emission control system of an internal combustion engine capable of post injection is disclosed which provides control such that the injection timing in sub injection is set to a point earlier than the target injection timing when the sub injection is started, and the injection timing in the sub injection is then delayed to the target injection timing. This realizes the post injection under the optimum conditions and enables an efficient rise in the exhaust temperature while inhibiting deterioration of the drivability due to a rapid change in torque.
摘要:
An engine generator having an engine unit and generator are accommodated in a noise insulation case with a crankshaft oriented in a widthwise direction of the noise insulation case. An air cleaner is disposed at the front end of the noise insulation case and a muffler is disposed at the rear end of the noise insulation case with an engine between. When the engine generator is used as a generator, a generator and a recoil starter are connected with one end of the crankshaft. When the engine generator is used as a utility engine, the recoil starter is connected with one end of the crankshaft and a driven member is connected with the other end of the crankshaft.
摘要:
A scanner 1 reads image information at read resolution set by a resolution control section 3 and stores the image information in memory 2. An image separation section 11 separates the image information into a first image plane (picture part), a second image plane (text part color information), and a selection image plane (text part forms) for selecting either the first or second image plane. The resolution control section 3 sets optimum resolutions in first to third resolution conversion sections 12-14 in response to image quality, the original type, the system environment, the image plane characteristics, etc. The three image planes are converted into the resolutions set in the first to third resolution conversion sections 12-14. The image planes after undergoing the resolution conversion are compressed in first to third compression sections 15-17 and wrapped in one data format by an image format section 18.
摘要:
An engine generator has an engine and a muffler driven by the engine, both protected by an engine cover. The engine cover has a double-wall structure of an outer wall that protects the engine generator, an inner wall that forms a space for containing the engine and used as a cooling-air passage through which the engine and the muffler are cooled, and a hollow inner space formed between the outer and the inner walls.