公开(公告)号：US5234469A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-10

申请号：US722819

申请日：1991-06-28

Applicant: Motasimur R. Khan ,  Matthew A. McMahon ,  Christine C. Albert ,  Ronald J. McKeon ,  Stephen J. DeCanio

Inventor： Motasimur R. Khan ,  Matthew A. McMahon ,  Christine C. Albert ,  Ronald J. McKeon ,  Stephen J. DeCanio

IPC: C02F11/10 ,  C02F11/12 ,  C02F11/18 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10L5/46

CPC classification number: C10L5/46 ,  C02F11/10 ,  C02F11/12 ,  C02F11/18 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0923 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/169 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02W10/40 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A process for disposing of sewage sludge comprising the steps of, (1) dewatering the sewage sludge to produce an aqueous slurry of sewage sludge having a solids content of about 10 to 50 wt. %; (2) heating and mildly shearing said dewatered sewage sludge at about 150.degree. F. to 210.degree. F. in the absence of air for 3 seconds to 60 minutes by a rotor/mixer at a speed of about 15 to 1000 r.p.m., thereby producing a pumpable slurry having a viscosity of less than about 2500 centipoise; (3) mixing at a temperature in the range of about ambient to 200.degree. F. the slurry of sewage sludge from (2) with a supplemental fuel to produce a pumpable slurry of sewage sludge and supplemental fuel having a solids content in the range of about 50 to 65 wt. % and a higher heating value in the range of about 6,000 to 18,000 BTU/LB; and (4) burning said pumpable slurry from (3) in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce an effluent gas stream. In a preferred embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating ash and slag are separated. By this process, noxious sewage sludge may be disposed of without contaminating the environment.

Abstract translation: 一种处理污水污泥的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）将污水污泥脱水以产生固体含量为约10至50重量％的污水污泥的含水浆料。 ％; （2）通过转子/混合器以大约15至1000rpm的速度在没有空气的情况下，在约150°F至210°F的温度下加热和温和地剪切所述脱水污水污泥3秒至60分钟，由此产生 具有小于约2500厘泊的粘度的可泵送浆料; （3）在约环境温度至200°F的温度范围内混合来自（2）的污水污泥与补充燃料的浆料，以产生污泥和可补充的燃料，其中固体含量范围为 约50至65wt。 在约6,000至18,000BTU / LB的范围内具有较高的热值; 和（4）在部分氧化气化器，炉，锅炉或焚烧炉中将来自（3）的可泵送浆料燃烧以产生流出气流。 在一个优选的实施方案中，将废气流清洁和净化，并且将非污染灰和渣分离。 通过这个过程，可以处理有害污水污泥而不污染环境。

公开(公告)号：US4897089A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-30

申请号：US212690

申请日：1988-06-28

Applicant: Dang V. Quang ,  Alain Feugier ,  Paul Gateau ,  Bernard Poussin

Inventor： Dang V. Quang ,  Alain Feugier ,  Paul Gateau ,  Bernard Poussin

IPC: F23D14/32 ,  C01B3/36 ,  F23D14/20 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/46 ,  F23D14/52 ,  F23D14/78

CPC classification number: F23D14/78 ,  C01B3/363 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/46 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: The present invention provides a burner for the partial oxidation under pressure of a first fluid by the second fluid. This burner comprises two fluid introduction tubes, one being internal to the other, with each of the tubes comprising a plate, and with each plate having several holes and a plate of the external tube has holes placed opposite the holes in the internal plate.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用第二流体在第一流体的压力下部分氧化的燃烧器。 该燃烧器包括两个流体引入管，一个位于另一个内部，每个管包括板，并且每个板具有多个孔，并且外部管的板具有与内部板中的孔相对放置的孔。

公开(公告)号：US4671804A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-09

申请号：US803264

申请日：1985-11-29

Applicant: Mitri S. Najjar

Inventor： Mitri S. Najjar

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/463 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Synthesis gas is produced by the partial oxidation of a fuel feedstock comprising sulfur-containing petroleum coke and/or heavy liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and having a nickel and iron-containing ash in a free-flow refractory lined partial oxidation reaction zone. The production of toxic nickel subsulfide (Ni.sub.3 S.sub.2) in said slag is prevented, and there is a substantial reduction in the concentration of H.sub.2 S+COS in the raw product gas stream by introducing an iron-containing additive into the reaction zone along with the feed. The weight ratio of iron-containing additive to ash in the fuel feedstock is in the range of about 0.5 to 10.0. The weight ratio of iron to nickel in said mixture of iron-containing additive and fuel feedstock is greater than 0.33. The additive combines with at least a portion of the nickel and iron constituents and sulfur found in the feedstock to produce a very fluid sulfide phase of iron and nickel, and an Fe, Ni alloy phase. In another embodiment, a minor amount of a calcium compound is included with the iron-containing additive only at startup to reduce the softening temperature of the iron-containing addition agent. By this method, the molten slag produced is free from toxic Ni.sub.3 S.sub.2 and has a comparatively reduced viscosity. Further, the slag may be readily removed from the gas generator at a lower temperature and may be disposed of without contaminating the environment. Further, the life of the refractory lining is extended.

Abstract translation: 通过在自由流动耐火材料内衬的部分氧化反应区中含有含硫石油焦和/或重液态含烃燃料并具有含镍和铁的灰分的燃料原料的部分氧化产生合成气。 在所述炉渣中生产有毒的二硫化镍（Ni3S2），并且通过将含铁添加剂与进料一起引入反应区域，可以显着降低原料气流中的H 2 S + COS的浓度。 燃料原料中含铁添加剂与灰分的重量比在约0.5至10.0的范围内。 所述含铁添加剂和燃料原料混合物中铁与镍的重量比大于0.33。 添加剂与原料中发现的镍和铁成分和硫的至少一部分结合，以产生非常流动的铁和镍的硫化物相以及Fe，Ni合金相。 在另一个实施方案中，仅在启动时仅含铁添加剂含有少量钙化合物以降低含铁添加剂的软化温度。 通过该方法，所生成的熔渣不含有毒的Ni3S2，粘度相对降低。 此外，渣可以在较低温度下容易地从气体发生器中移出，并且可以在不污染环境的情况下进行处理。 此外，耐火衬里的寿命延长。

公开(公告)号：US4624684A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-25

申请号：US772098

申请日：1985-09-03

Applicant: John S. Stevenson

Inventor： John S. Stevenson

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/50

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A partial oxidation process for the production of a stream of mixed gases comprising H.sub.2 and CO. An aqueous particulate solid carbonaceous fuel slurry feedstream is preheated by indirect heat exchange with a process-derived stream of skimmed gases substantially comprising H.sub.2 O. The aqueous carrier of the slurry is vaporized by introducing superheated steam directly into the slurry pipeline. A suspension of particulate solid carbonaceous fuel entrained in a gaseous mixture substantially comprising steam e.g. about 90 to 99.9 wt. % H.sub.2 O and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a CO.sub.2 -containing gas mixture is produced. The suspension of solid fuel in the gaseous mixture is then separated in a skimming operation into an overhead gas stream substantially comprising steam, as previously described, and a bottom stream comprising particulate solid carbonaceous fuel with the remainder of said gaseous mixture. The bottom stream from the skimming operation is introduced into the reaction zone of a partial oxidation gas generator in admixture with a free-oxygen containing gas and with or without a temperature moderator where a gaseous stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO is produced. In one embodiment, the temperature of the suspension of solid carbonaceous fuel feed stream entering the partial oxidation reaction zone by way of a burner is monitored. An increase in temperature would flag the back-flow of synthesis gas or oxygen into the burner. When this happens, the feedlines to the burner and the overhead gas stream from the cyclone separator may be automatically shut down to prevent thermal damage to the system.

Abstract translation: 用于生产包含H 2和CO的混合气体流的部分氧化方法通过与基本上包含H 2 O的工艺产生的脱脂气体流进行间接热交换来预热含水颗粒固体含碳燃料浆料进料流。 通过将过热蒸汽直接引入浆料管道中，使浆料的水性载体蒸发。 颗粒状固体碳质燃料的悬浮液，其夹带在基本上包含蒸汽的气体混合物中。 约90至99.9wt。 ％H 2 O和约0.1至10wt。 产生含二氧化碳气体混合物的％。 然后将固体燃料在气体混合物中的悬浮液在撇取操作中分离成如前所述基本上包含蒸汽的塔顶气流，以及包含颗粒状固体碳质燃料和剩余的所述气体混合物的底部料流。 来自撇渣操作的底部流被引入部分氧化气体发生器的反应区中，与含游离氧的气体混合并且在或不与温度调节剂混合，其中产生包含H 2 + CO的气流。 在一个实施方案中，监测通过燃烧器进入部分氧化反应区的固体碳质燃料进料流的混合物的温度。 温度的升高将标志合成气或氧进入燃烧器的回流。 当这种情况发生时，来自旋风分离器的燃烧器和顶部气流的馈线可以自动关闭，以防止对系统的热损坏。

公开(公告)号：US4525175A

公开(公告)日：1985-06-25

申请号：US562335

申请日：1983-12-16

Applicant: Robert J. Stellaccio

Inventor： Robert J. Stellaccio

IPC: C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A burner is provided for introducing four separate feedstreams including a stream of gaseous material from the group free-oxygen containing gas, steam, recycle product gas, and hydrocarbon gas; a pumpable slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel in liquid phase e.g. coal-water; and two high velocity streams of free-oxygen containing gas into a free-flow partial oxidation gas generator for the production of synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas. The burner has a central conduit and three concentric annular passages. A central core of a gas selected from the group consisting of free-oxygen containing gas, steam, recycle product gas, and hydrocarbon gas surrounded by the slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel is discharged from the central conduit and first annular passage respectively and is impacted by two separate streams of free-oxygen containing gas passing through the second and outer annular passages. With this burner, at least one stream of high velocity free-oxygen containing gas is always available, even at turn-down, to provide atomization and intimate mixing of the slurry feed.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于引入四个独立进料流的燃烧器，其包括来自含游离氧的气体，蒸汽，再循环产物气体和烃气体的气态物质流; 固体碳质燃料在液相中的可泵送淤浆 煤水; 和两个高速自由含氧气体流输送到用于生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的自由流动部分氧化气体发生器中。 燃烧器具有中心管道和三个同心环形通道。 从由含游离氧气体，蒸汽，再循环产物气体和由固体碳质燃料浆料包围的烃气体组成的组中的中心核心分别从中心管道和第一环形通道排出并受到 通过第二和外部环形通道的两条独立的含游离氧气体流。 使用这种燃烧器，至少有一个高速自由含氧气体流总是可以使用，即使在下降时，也可以提供浆料进料的雾化和紧密混合。

公开(公告)号：US4445444A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-01

申请号：US407397

申请日：1982-08-12

Applicant: Michael L. Espedal

Inventor： Michael L. Espedal

IPC: C10J3/48 ,  F23D1/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Burner for use in a coal gasification process wherein a combustible mixture is formed comprising a combustion supporting gas such as oxygen, and a coal slurry. To avoid deposition of slag and ash particles along the hot, exposed face of the burner, a dynamic fluid blanket or barrier is directed transversely of the burner face. The fluid flow originates at the burner periphery and is addressed to sweep, or impinge against at least a part of the burner face adjacent to the central opening which defines the burner discharge port.

Abstract translation: 用于煤气化方法的燃烧器，其中形成包含燃烧支持气体如氧的可燃混合物和煤浆。 为了避免炉渣和灰尘颗粒沿着燃烧器的热的暴露表面沉积，动态流体毯或屏障横向于燃烧器表面。 流体流动始于燃烧器周边，并且被解决为扫掠或撞击与限定燃烧器排出口的中心开口相邻的燃烧器表面的至少一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4341530A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-27

申请号：US276610

申请日：1981-06-23

Applicant: John L. Loth ,  William C. Smith ,  Gary R. Friggens

Inventor： John L. Loth ,  William C. Smith ,  Gary R. Friggens

IPC: C10J3/50

CPC classification number: C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a coal-water slurry atomizer for use a high-pressure dryer employed in a pumping system utilized to feed coal into a pressurized coal gasifier. The slurry atomizer is provided with a venturi, constant area slurry injection conduit, and a plurality of tangentially disposed steam injection ports. Superheated steam is injected into the atomizer through these ports to provide a vortical flow of the steam, which, in turn, shears slurry emerging from the slurry injection conduit. The droplets of slurry are rapidly dispersed in the dryer through the venturi where the water is vaporized from the slurry by the steam prior to deleterious heating of the coal.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于在用于将煤送入加压煤气化器的泵送系统中使用的高压干燥器中的水煤浆雾化器。 浆料雾化器设置有文氏管，恒定面积的浆料注入管道和多个切向设置的蒸汽注入口。 过热蒸汽通过这些端口喷射到雾化器中，以提供蒸汽的涡旋流，这反过来又剪切从浆料注入管道出来的浆料。 浆料的液滴通过文丘里管快速分散在干燥器中，在煤的有害加热之前，水通过蒸汽从浆液中蒸发。

公开(公告)号：US4322221A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US180124

申请日：1980-08-21

Applicant: John F. Kamody

Inventor： John F. Kamody

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0953 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y10S48/02 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A process is disclosed for gasifying solid carbonaceous material at elevated temperature and pressure to produce a gas consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which comprises forming a slurry at atmospheric pressure of the carbonaceous material with a liquid having a specific gravity of from 1.1 to 1.9, a boiling temperature of at least 70.degree. F., a latent heat of vaporization less than about 200 BTU per pound, a critical temperature which is less than the incipient coking temperature of the carbonaceous material, a stability at temperatures up to 600.degree. F., an essentially inert chemical reaction with the carbonaceous material at temperatures less than about 600.degree. F., an immiscibility with water or solubility in water at no more than 5%, and a dissolving ability for hydrogen sulfide at temperatures of from -40 to 250.degree. F., and raising the formed slurry to a pressure of at least the gasification pressure and vaporizing said liquid and gasifying said carbonaceous material, either in the same or in separate steps. Examples of suitable slurrying liquids are: carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, trichloroethylene, bromoethane, chlorobenzene, methane dichloride, chloroform, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在升高的温度和压力下气化固体碳质材料以产生由一氧化碳和氢气组成的气体的方法，其包括在碳质材料的大气压下用比重为1.1至1.9的液体形成浆料， 沸腾温度至少为70°F，蒸发潜热低于约200 BTU /磅，临界温度小于碳质材料的初始焦化温度，在高达600°F的温度下的稳定性。 在低于约600°F的温度下与碳质材料发生基本上惰性的化学反应，与水的不混溶性或在水中的溶解度不超过5％，以及在-40至250℃的温度下硫化氢的溶解能力 将所形成的浆料升至至少气化压力的压力并使所述液体蒸发并气化所述含碳材料，eithe r在相同或单独的步骤。 合适的制浆液体的实例是：四氯化碳，二硫化碳，三氯乙烯，溴乙烷，氯苯，甲烷二氯化物，氯仿或其混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4308808A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-05

申请号：US183617

申请日：1980-09-02

Applicant: Melvin H. Brown

Inventor： Melvin H. Brown

IPC: F23C6/04 ,  F23K1/02 ,  F23N3/00

CPC classification number: F23C6/04 ,  F23K1/02 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A method is disclosed for burning a pulverized carbonaceous material containing sulfur and ash. According to this method, a slurry is formed containing the carbonaceous material, water, a reagent adapted to react during combustion with the sulfur in the material and a cementing agent adapted to reduce particulate emissions during combustion. The slurry is burned in a first stage with less than 100% theoretical air and preferably at a temperature below about 1100.degree. C. The products of combustion from the first stage are removed to a second stage and burned with additional air.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于燃烧含硫和灰分的粉碎碳质材料的方法。 根据该方法，形成含有碳质材料，水，适于在燃烧期间与材料中的硫反应的试剂的浆料和适于减少燃烧过程中的颗粒物排放的粘合剂。 浆料在第一阶段以小于100％的理论空气燃烧，优选在低于约1100℃的温度下燃烧。来自第一阶段的燃烧产物被除去到第二阶段，并用额外的空气燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4153427A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

申请号：US880820

申请日：1978-02-23

Applicant: Larry A. Bissett ,  Gary R. Friggens ,  James P. McGee

Inventor： Larry A. Bissett ,  Gary R. Friggens ,  James P. McGee

IPC: C10J3/50

CPC classification number: C10J3/00 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: This invention is directed to a system for feeding coal into a gasifier operating at high pressures. A coal-water slurry is pumped to the desired pressure and then the coal is "dried" prior to feeding the coal into the gasifier by contacting the slurry with superheated steam in an entrained bed dryer for vaporizing the water in the slurry.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于将煤送入在高压下操作的气化器的系统。 将煤水浆料泵送至所需压力，然后在将煤炭送入气化器之前将煤“干燥”，该方法是将淤浆与夹带床干燥器中的过热蒸汽接触，以蒸发浆料中的水。