Process for demineralising coal
    92.
    发明授权
    Process for demineralising coal 有权
    煤矿脱矿工艺

    公开(公告)号:US09017432B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-04-28

    申请号:US10533192

    申请日:2003-10-23

    IPC分类号: C10L9/02 C10L5/36 C10L9/08

    摘要: A process for demineralizing coal includes the steps of forming a slurry of coal particles in an alkali solution, the slurry containing 10-30% by weight coal, maintaining the slurry at a temperature of 150-250° C. under a pressure sufficient to prevent boiling, separating the slurry into an alkalized coal and a spent alkali leachant, forming an acidified slurry of the alkalized coal, the acidified slurry having a pH of 0.5-1.5, separating the acidified slurry into a coal- containing fraction and a substantially liquid fraction, subjecting the coal-containing fraction to a washing step, particularly a hydrothermal washing step, in which the coal-containing fraction is mixed with water and a polar organic solvent or water and an organic acid to form a mixture and separating the coal from the mixture. The demineralized coal has an ash content of from 0.01-0.2% by weight and can be used a feed to a gas turbine.

    摘要翻译: 一种使煤脱矿的方法包括以下步骤:在碱溶液中形成煤颗粒的浆料,该浆料含有10-30重量%的煤,将浆料保持在150-250℃的温度,足以防止 沸腾,将浆料分离成碱性煤和废碱浸出剂,形成碱化的酸化浆料,酸化浆料的pH为0.5-1.5,将酸化浆料分离成含煤馏分和基本上液体的馏分 对含煤部分进行洗涤步骤,特别是水热洗涤步骤,其中含煤部分与水和极性有机溶剂或水和有机酸混合以形成混合物,并将煤与 混合物。 软化煤的灰分含量为0.01-0.2重量%,可用于燃气轮机的进料。

    Solidified biomass
    97.
    发明授权
    Solidified biomass 有权
    固化生物质

    公开(公告)号:US08747495B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-10

    申请号:US13486665

    申请日:2012-06-01

    IPC分类号: C10L5/36 C10L5/44

    摘要: A solidified biomass consisting of semi-carbonized or pre-semi-carbonized solid matter is pressure-formed from raw biomass material while being heated under a substantially sealed-up condition to allow hemicellulose among the main components of the raw biomass material, i.e. lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, to be thermally decomposed and to allow a low-temperature reaction to occur between the cellulose and lignin while maintaining their skeletons. The pre-semi-carbonized solid matter or semi-carbonized solid matter has a maximum compressive strength of 60-200 MPa and calorific value of 18-23 MJ/kg.

    摘要翻译: 由半碳化或半碳化固体物质组成的固化生物体由原生生物质材料压力形成,同时在基本上密封的条件下加热,以允许生物质材料的主要成分即木质素中的半纤维素, 纤维素和半纤维素被热分解并且允许在维持其骨架的同时在纤维素和木质素之间发生低温反应。 预半碳化固体物质或半碳化固体物质的最大抗压强度为60-200MPa,热值为18-23MJ / kg。

    BRIQUETTE FOR PRODUCING A FOAMED SLAG EFFECT IN EAF TECHNOLOGY IN STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCTION
    98.
    发明申请
    BRIQUETTE FOR PRODUCING A FOAMED SLAG EFFECT IN EAF TECHNOLOGY IN STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCTION 审中-公开
    在不锈钢生产中生产EAF技术中的泡沫SLAG效应的公司

    公开(公告)号:US20130192422A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-08-01

    申请号:US13634710

    申请日:2011-01-24

    IPC分类号: C10L5/36

    摘要: It is known that a foamed slag can be produced on stainless steel melts in an electric arc furnace by introducing a mixture of metal oxides, limestone, carbon and a binder in the form of briquettes into the furnace so that the briquettes become arranged there in such a way that the metal oxides are reduced by the carbon and the limestone is thermally dissociated at the metal-slag interface beneath the slag and the resulting gases bring about foaming of the slag by bubble formation. This foaming on steels having a high chromium content, due to the significant uptake of chromium oxide by the slag, leads to problems which result from the physicochemical properties of slags having a high chromium oxide content. To provide, according to the invention, briquettes suitable for producing foamed slag having a high chromium oxide content, which is carried out, in particular by the process of WO 2010/003401 A1, all briquette properties to be taken into account and all materials suitable for briquette production are tabulated in the form of a matrix.

    摘要翻译: 众所周知,通过将金属氧化物,石灰石,碳和粘结剂的混合物以压块的形式引入炉中,可以在电弧炉中的不锈钢熔体上生产泡沫炉渣,使得压块在其中排列在炉中 金属氧化物被碳还原的方式,并且石灰石在炉渣下方的金属 - 炉渣界面处热解离,并且所产生的气体通过气泡形成引起炉渣的起泡。 由于铬的氧化铬的显着摄取,铬含量高的钢的这种发泡会导致由具有高氧化铬含量的炉渣的物理化学性质而产生的问题。 根据本发明,为了提供适合于生产具有高铬氧化物含量的泡沫炉渣的压块,特别是通过WO 2010/003401 A1的方法进行,所有的煤样性质都要考虑到并且所有材料都适合 用于块煤的生产以矩阵的形式列出。

    PREPARATION OF BIOFUELS AND OTHER USEFUL PRODUCTS SUCH AS 5-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-FURFURAL
    100.
    发明申请
    PREPARATION OF BIOFUELS AND OTHER USEFUL PRODUCTS SUCH AS 5-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-FURFURAL 有权
    生物燃料和其他有用的产品如5-(羟甲基) - 丙酮

    公开(公告)号:US20120042566A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-02-23

    申请号:US13266859

    申请日:2010-04-30

    摘要: Polycarbon biofuels may be made from feedstock such as wood waste, agricultural wastes and waste paper. The feedstock may be cooked under acidic conditions to convert cellulose and similar material in the feedstock into a biofuel that is hydrophobic, readily pelletized, and has a high energy density. The biofuel may be blended with coal or other fuels to provide blended fuels that may be burned in conventional burners. One process forms a slurry of the feedstock, sparges carbon dioxide through the slurry to achieve a pH below 5 and cooks the slurry at temperatures in the range of 170 C to 300 C until conversion of the feedstock to polycarbon biofuel has occurred. The biofuel may be separated from liquids in the slurry by filtration.

    摘要翻译: 聚碳生物燃料可以由原料如木材废料,农业废物和废纸制成。 可以在酸性条件下将原料煮熟以将原料中的纤维素和类似材料转化为疏水性,容易造粒并且具有高能量密度的生物燃料。 生物燃料可以与煤或其他燃料混合以提供可在常规燃烧器中燃烧的混合燃料。 一种方法形成原料的浆料,通过浆料喷射二氧化碳以达到低于5的pH,并在170℃至300℃的温度范围内对浆料进行煮沸,直到原料转化为聚碳生物燃料。 生物燃料可以通过过滤与浆料中的液体分离。