摘要:
A process for preparing phthaloyl chloride by reacting phthalic anhydride with a chlorinating agent (I) selected from the group of thionyl chloride and phosgene in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of from 80 to 200° C. and a pressure of from 0.01 to 10 MPa abs, in which the catalyst (II) used is triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine oxide or a mixture thereof.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the use of acetophenone or benzophenone derivatives of the formula I where R is unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C3 alkyl, C6 to C10 aryl or aralkyl having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms in the aryl moiety and from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety as copolymerizable photoinitiators. The invention further relates to copolymers containing acetophenone or benzophenone derivatives of the formula I in copolymerized form, to processes for preparing said copolymers, and to the use of said copolymers in UV crosslinkable compositions.
摘要:
A process for preparing at least one unsaturated alcohol (B) comprises the steps (I) to (III) below: (I) reaction of at least one alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide with at least one alcohol (A) in at least one organic solvent (L) to give a mixture (G-I) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an alkoxide (AL); (II) reaction of at least one carbonyl compound of the formula R—CO—R′ with at least one alkyne of the formula R″—C≡C—H and the mixture (G-I) obtained in step (I) to give a mixture (G-II) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an unsaturated alcohol (B); (III) distillation of the mixture (G-II) obtained in step (II) to give the alcohol or alcohols (B) and a mixture (G-III) comprising the solvent (L) and the alcohol (A), wherein the solvent (L) obtained in step (III) and the alcohol (A) obtained in step (III) are recycled as a mixture to step (I).
摘要:
Process for the purification of carbonyl chlorides which have been prepared by reacting carboxylic acids with phosgene or thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalyst adduct, in which the carbonyl chlorides are treated with a hydrohalide of carboxamides of the formula (I) in which R1 is hydrogen or C1- to C3-alkyl; R2 and R3 independently of one another are C1- to C4-alkyl, or R2 and R3 together are a C4- or C5-alkylene chain, and the carbonyl chloride purified in this way is isolated by separation off from the carboxamide hydrohalide phase.
摘要:
The invention encompasses a composition of vinyl compounds, comprising a) at least one polymerizable compound which has at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, and b) at least one ammonium salt of the formula (I) where R is NH2, O− NH4+, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-cycloalkyl, or C7-C18-alkylcycloalkyl. The invention further relates to the use of an ammonium salt of the formula (I) as additive to polymerizable compounds which have at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, and also to a process for inhibiting premature polymerization of compositions which comprise polymerizable compounds which have at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, which encompasses adding to the compositions an ammonium salt of the formula (I).
摘要:
Alkenylphosphonic acid derivatives are prepared by reacting phosphonic acid derivatives with alkynes in the presence of a metal complex catalyst system comprising (a) nickel and (b) a phosphine having at least two trivalent phosphorus atoms.
摘要:
A process for oxidizing an organic compound having at least one C—C double bond or a mixture of two or more thereof comprises the following steps: (I) preparing a hydroperoxide, (II) reacting an organic compound having at least one C—C double bond or a mixture of two or more thereof with the hydroperoxide prepared in step (I) in the presence of a zeolite catalyst, (III) regenerating the at least partially deactivated zeolite catalyst used in step (II), and (IV) conducting the reaction of step (II) using a zeolite catalyst containing the catalyst regenerated in step (III).
摘要:
Enol ethers of the formula (I) where R1 to R3 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen or a carbon-containing organic radical and R4 is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl radical, are prepared by reacting alcohols of the formula (II) R4—OH (II), with alkynes of the formula (IlIa), alkadienes of the formula (IIIb) R1—C≡C—CHR2R3 (IIIa), R1—CH═C═CR2R3 (IIIb) or mixtures thereof, where R1 to R4 are as defined above, in the presence of an alkali metal alkoxide and a polar, aprotic solvent.
摘要:
In the process for the preparation of vinylsilanes by reacting acetylenic hydrocarbons with silanes which have at least one silicon-bonded hydrogen atom in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst, the silane is added to the liquid phase. In particular, the reaction is carried out at superatmospheric pressure, and the spent acetylenic hydrocarbon is replenished during the reaction while maintaining a pressure which is constant during the entire reaction.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a catalyst by activating a catalytic composition which comprises a) at least one metal of group IB or IIB or a compound thereof, b) where appropriate a carrier which comprises treating the composition with an alkyne of the general formula I R1—C≡C—R2 (I) in which R1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl, R2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, and a carbonyl compound of the general formula II in which R3 and R4 are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, to catalysts obtainable by this process, and to alkynylations and aminoalkylations employing these catalysts.