摘要:
A silicon single crystal rod (24) is pulled from a silicon melt (13) molten by a heater (17), and a change in diameter of the silicon single crystal rod every predetermined time is fed back to a pulling speed of the silicon single crystal rod and a temperature of the heater, thereby controlling a diameter of the silicon single crystal rod. A PID control in which a PID constant is changed on a plurality of stages is applied to a method which controls the pulling speed of the silicon single crystal rod so that the silicon single crystal rod has a target diameter and a method which controls a heater temperature so that the silicon single crystal rod has the target temperature. A set pulling speed for the silicon single crystal rod is set so that V/G becomes constant, and an actual pulling speed is accurately controlled so as to match with the set pulling speed, thereby suppressing a fluctuation in diameter of the single crystal rod.
摘要:
According to the present invention, there is provided a process for producing adamantanes by isomerizing a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon compound having 10 or more carbon atoms, comprising (A) a reaction step for isomerizing a raw material, (B) a concentration step for concentrating the adamantanes in a reaction product liquid, (C) a crystallization step for crystallizing the concentrated adamantanes, (D) a solid-liquid separation step for separating the crystallized adamantanes from slurry having precipitated crystals, (E) a washing step for washing the crystal of adamantanes obtained by the solid-liquid separation step, and (F) a drying step for drying the washed crystals of adamantanes. According to the present invention, there is provided a process for producing adamantanes by using a solid catalyst, wherein the obtained adamantanes are purified by a crystallization operation. There is provided a process for producing adamantanes by isomerizing a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon compound, wherein the obtained adamantanes are washed by a washing solvent after separating the adamantanes by a crystallization step and a solid-liquid separation step. There is provided a process for producing adamantanes by isomerizing a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon compound, wherein the crystal of the adamantanes which contains a liquid fraction in the range from 5 to 50% by mass is dried.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for producing an electrical device by electrically and mechanically interconnecting two objects for bonding. When an adhesive layer (25) provided to an LCD (11) and a layer of a second curing agent (28) provided to a TCP (15) are brought into tight contact with each other and thrust in this state to each other under heating, a first curing agent in the adhesive layer (25) and a second curing agent forming the layer of the second curing agent react with each other so that the thermosetting resin in the adhesive layer is polymerized to bond the LCD (11) and the TCP (15) together to produce an electrical device. In case a metal chelate or a metal alcoholate and a silane coupling agent are used as the first and second curing agents, respectively, the silane coupling agent and the metal chelate react with each other to yield cations and, by these cations, the thermosetting resin undergoes cationic polymerization. The adhesive may be cured to bond the LCD (11) and the TCP (15) together in a shorter time at a lower temperature than in case the conventional adhesive is used.
摘要:
A wiring pattern inspection apparatus comprises a light source, a parallel light guiding section which guides light from the light source substantially in parallel, and a light extraction section which extracts a transverse wave light component crossing the light guiding direction at right angles from the light guided by the parallel light guiding section and which converts the transverse wave light component into a specific polarized component and which irradiates a work with the specific polarized component and which extracts a vertical wave light component from reflected light obtained by reflecting the emitted specific polarized component by the work.
摘要:
An electromagnetic relay is basically constructed by an insulation base and an armature block. Herein, the insulation base is constructed by a fixed-side terminal set including fixed contacts, a coil block in which a coil is wound about a middle portion of a U-shape iron core, and a permanent magnet, all of which are integrally held together by a fixed-side insulator. The armature block is constructed by a moving-side terminal set including moving contacts and an armature, all of which are integrally held by a moving-side insulator. The armature block is mounted on the insulation base in such a way that the moving contacts are placed opposite to the fixed contacts respectively, and it is supported by a support point to pivotally move on the permanent magnet under an effect of electromagnetic force. Specifically, the fixed-side insulator is made by molding using resin material to integrally hold the fixed-side terminal set, coil block and permanent magnet together at prescribed positions, so it is possible to improve an accuracy in positioning of them. In addition, the fixed-side insulator is formed in a prescribed shape having a contact fixing portion that partly extends to provide engagement portions by which the permanent magnet and U-shape iron core are tightly fixed together under a contact condition where the permanent magnet is placed in tight contact with the side-end portions of the U-shape iron core.
摘要:
A learning controller makes learning correction based on a time tST between start of a shift control routine and detection of start of a change in rotational speed of the transmission input shaft and further based on the amount of rotational speed change &ohgr;S′ at the detected start of the rotational speed change. When the time tST is longer than a basic time and when the rotational change amount &ohgr;S′ is too large, it is determined that a servo piston has not been sufficiently advanced and the shift control is corrected so that the time tST is lengthened. When the time tST to the detected start of the rotational speed change &ohgr;S′ is too small, it is determined that, while the piston has been advanced properly, the target engagement pressure PTA in torque phase control is too low because of a miscalculation, and the shift control is corrected so that the target engagement pressure is raised.
摘要:
When a vehicle driving state of an automatic transmission is changed to a power-off state from a power-on state during a down shift involving the disengagement of one friction element and the engagement of another friction element, a disengagement side pressure PA is reduced rapidly by a feedback control based on the change in gear ratio because of a reduction of an input torque. The disengagement side pressure control is unable to complete change of the gear ratio to complete the down shift. When the disengagement side pressure is reduced to a value less than a return spring load pressure PG or when the gear ratio change has not achieved a basic value in a predetermined time, the down shift control is changed from primary control by the disengagement side pressure control to primary control by an engagement side control so that the gear ratio change is completed by control of the engagement side pressure.
摘要:
A new photoresist composition suited for fine processing is provided which has practical applications in various dry etching processes. An advantageous pattern formation method using such a photo-resistive composition is also provided. The photoresist composition includes a substance containing a skeleton as at least a part of a main chain. The skeleton is obtained through polymerization of a vinyl alcohol type compound such as a polyvinyl alcohol chain, at least some hydroxyl groups in the skeleton being protected by acid-releasing protective groups. The skeleton preferably contains a group for improving the dry etching resistance. The photoresist composition also includes an optical acid generator. Development with a high polarity solvent, for instance aqueous development, is provided. A positive pattern is obtained by aqueous development, and a negative pattern is obtained by alcohol development.
摘要:
A film manufacturing apparatus includes a circular die having a lip-shaped circular outlet for extruding a molten plastic in an annular form and an air passage for blowing air into the annular molten plastic to form a bubble. A water containing cooling ring cools the bubble and restrains the bubble so as to form a tubular plastic film below the cooling ring. An ultrasonic sensor is arranged near the circular die and extends substantially downwardly obliquely toward the center of the bubble for detecting the distance between the surface of the bubble and the ultrasonic sensor, and a controller controls an air supply regulating valve arranged in a line leading to the air passage to control the size of the bubble. Also, an ambient temperature sensor is arranged for correcting the speed of the ultrasonic signal, and a receiving time selecting device is arranged for correcting the time period during which an ultrasonic signal reflected from the bubble can be received.