摘要:
An apparatus and a method control a continuously variable transmission of a motor vehicle which includes a power transmitting member for power transmission by use of friction. A controller of the apparatus detects slippage of the power transmitting member in a predetermined period of running of the vehicle, and increases a clamping pressure that is applied to the power transmitting member when slippage of the power transmitting member is detected. The controller also stores a state of increase of the clamping pressure in a memory, and increases the clamping pressure applied to the power transmitting member in accordance with a previous state of increase of the clamping pressure that was stored in the memory in a previous period of operation of the vehicle.
摘要:
A speed change control system for a continuously variable transmission, for controlling a gear ratio by deciding an abrupt acceleration demand of a driver, to effect an abrupt speed change when it is decided that the driver demands an abrupt acceleration. The speed change control system comprises: a drive state decider for deciding that the vehicle has changed from a driven state to a drive state, when said abrupt acceleration is demanded at the driven state; and a speed change controller for controlling said continuously variable transmission to effect said abrupt speed change, after said drive state decider decides that the vehicle has changed from the driven state to the drive state.
摘要:
An apparatus and a method control a belt-type continuously variable transmission of a vehicle having a continuously variable speed ratio, which is a ratio of a rotation speed of an input shaft to a rotation speed of an output shaft. The speed ratio of the transmission is controlled by changing a groove width of each of the pulleys, and a belt clamping pressure applied to at least one of the pulleys to clamp the torque transfer belt also is controlled. Furthermore, the speed ratio of the transmission is set to a low-load speed ratio when it is determined that control of the belt clamping pressure has failed and the belt clamping pressure is raised to a high level. The low-load speed ratio is predetermined so that a load applied to the torque transfer belt is substantially minimized.
摘要:
A method of in-mold coating using a coating composition including: (A) a vehicle component including (i) a urethane acrylate oligomer or a urethane methacrylate oligomer, which is a reaction product containing no substantial unreacted isocyanate groups, of (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) an organic polyol and (c) a hydroxyalkyl acrylate or a hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, and (ii) a polymerizable unsaturated monomer, (B) a polyisocyanate compound, and (C) a polymerization initiator.
摘要:
An absorption heat pump apparatus using a refrigerant as a heat exchanging medium includes a vapor generator for producing a dilute refrigerant solution and a heat exchanger having an evaporator for producing evaporated refrigerant gas and an absorber for making the evaporated refrigerant gas to be absorbed into the dilute refrigerant solution. A plurality refrigerant paths extending inside the evaporator and absorber for flowing the refrigerant inside for heat exchange operation. Each inlet end of refrigerant paths is connected to an inlet before the evaporator by a plurality of first capillary paths. Each outlet end of refrigerant paths is joined to an outlet. A plurality of second capillary paths are connected to the refrigerant paths before the absorber for supplying the dilute refrigerant solution to the absorber. When passing through the capillary paths, the refrigerant is cooled due to the pressure loss.
摘要:
A method of and a system for equipping a vehicle body, particularly a railroad car body, in which the vehicle body is supported for turning movement about a center axis of shafts extending longitudinally substantially through the center of gravity of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is moved in turning movement to a desired angular position about the center axis of the shafts to perform equipping operations on both the interior and exterior thereof. The system includes a securing device connected to opposite end portions of the vehicle body, a support device for supporting the vehicle body through the securing device and moving same in turning movement about a center axis of shafts extending longitudinally substantially through the center of gravity of the vehicle body, a device for moving the vehicle body in turning movement about the center axis of the shafts, and a fixing device for fixing the vehicle body in place in an arbitrarily selected angular position.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a laser irradiation method and a laser irradiation apparatus for irradiating an irradiation surface with a linear beam having more homogeneous intensity by blocking a low-intensity part of the linear beam without forming the fringes due to the diffraction on the irradiation surface. In the laser irradiation, a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator 101 passes through a slit 102 so as to block a low-intensity part of the laser beam, the traveling direction of the laser beam is bent by a mirror 103, and an image formed at the slit is projected to an irradiation surface 106 by a convex cylindrical lens 104.
摘要:
When annealing of a semiconductor film is conducted using a plurality of lasers, each of the distances between laser irradiation regions is different. When a lithography step is conducted in accordance with a marker which is formed over a substrate in advance after the step, light-exposure is not correctly conducted to a portion crystallized by laser. By using a laser irradiation region obtained on a laser irradiation step as a marker, light-exposure is conducted by making a light-exposure position of a stepper coincide with a large grain size region in the laser irradiation region. A large grain size region and a poorly crystalline region are detected by utilizing a thing that scattering intensity of light is different between the large grain size region and the poorly crystalline region, thereby determining a light-exposure position.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a solar cell, which includes an edge deletion step using a laser beam, and a manufacturing apparatus which is used in such a method, the method and the apparatus being capable of preventing a shunt and cracks from being generated are provided. By radiating a first laser beam to a multilayer body, which includes a transparent electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer sequentially formed on a transparent substrate, from a side of the transparent substrate, the photoelectric conversion layer and the back electrode layer in a first region are removed, and by radiating a second laser beam into the region such that the second laser beam is spaced from a peripheral rim of the region, the transparent electrode layer in a second region is removed.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser irradiation apparatus being able to irradiate the irradiation object with the laser beam having homogeneous energy density without complicating the optical system. The laser irradiation apparatus of the present invention comprises a laser oscillator, an optical system for scanning repeatedly a beam spot of the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator in a uniaxial direction over the surface of the irradiation object, and a position controlling means for moving the position of the irradiation object relative to the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the uniaxial direction.