Abstract:
An example transconductance circuit is provided in accordance with one embodiment. The transconductance circuit can comprise: an output node; at least one transistor; a variable resistance; and a differential amplifier; wherein the at least one transistor and the variable resistance are in series connection with the output node, an output of the differential amplifier is connected to a control node of the at least one transistor, a first input of the amplifier is responsive to an input signal, and a second input of the amplifier is responsive to a voltage across the variable resistance. Such a circuit may overcome noise problems in transconductance circuits which operate over a wide range of input signals with a fixed resistor in series with the at least one transistor.
Abstract:
An electrical circuit includes a local oscillator configured to generate a first reference signal and a second reference signal having a predetermined phase shift with the first reference signal, an I-channel mixer configured to inject the first reference signal to an incoming signal and generate a first output, a compensation mixer configured to multiply the first output with a constant factor to generate a second output, a first low pass filter configured to approximately attenuate frequencies in the second output to generate a third output, and a first correcting filter configured to filter the third output to generate a fourth output. The first correcting filter is configured to reduce a channel impulse response mismatch between the first low pass filter and a second low pass filter, which is configured to attenuate frequencies in a Q-channel of the incoming signal. In specific embodiments, the phase shift includes 45°.
Abstract:
At least one embodiment provides a method for a nanopower boost regulator to startup from an ultra-low-voltage (such as 0.3V˜0.5V) for energy harvesting applications. The method does not necessarily require a special process or any external components such as mechanical switches. The startup circuit can include an asynchronous boost circuit to charge up an output with stacked power NMOS transistors, a ring oscillator, and/or a charge pump, along with accompanying circuitry.
Abstract:
A switching power converter includes a voltage source that provides an input voltage Vin to an unregulated DC/DC converter stage and at least one buck-boost converter stage to produce a desired output voltage Vout. The unregulated DC/DC converter stage is adapted to provide an isolated voltage to the at least one regulated buck-boost converter stage, wherein the unregulated DC/DC converter stage comprises a transformer having a primary winding and at least one secondary winding and at least one switching element coupled to the primary winding. The at least one buck-boost converter stage is arranged to operate in a buck mode, boost mode or buck-boost mode in response to a mode selection signal from a mode selection module. By influencing the pulse width modulation output power controller the at least one buck-boost converter stage is arranged to produce one or multiple output voltages.
Abstract:
A power supply monitoring circuit for monitoring a voltage at a power supply node compared to a reference node, the power supply monitoring circuit comprising a first field effect transistor and first and second voltage dropping components arranged in current flow communication between the power supply node and the reference node and each having first and second nodes, and wherein a first node of the first voltage dropping component is connected to one of the first and second nodes of the field effect transistor, and a gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the second node of the first voltage dropping component, and an output signal is taken from a connection made with the first field effect transistor.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for current sensing in switching regulators are provided. In certain implementations, a switching regulator includes a switch transistor, a replica transistor, a current source, a sense resistor, and a current sensing circuit. The drain and gate of the switch transistor can be electrically connected to the drain and gate of the replica transistor, respectively. Additionally, the current sensing circuit can control the voltage of the source of the replica transistor based on the polarity of a current through the switch transistor to generate an output current that changes in response to the switch transistor's current. The sense resistor can receive an offset current from the first current source and the output current from the current sensing circuit such that the voltage across the sense resistor changes in relation to the current through the switch transistor.
Abstract:
Vertical mount package assemblies and methods for making the same are disclosed. A method for manufacturing a vertical mount package assembly includes providing a base substrate having electrical connections for affixing to external circuitry, and providing a package having a mounting region configured to receive a device therein. Flexible electrical leads are formed between the base substrate and the package. The flexible leads can include a plurality of aligned grooves to guide bending. After forming the flexible electrical leads, the package is rotated relative to the base substrate. The aligned grooves can constrain the relative positions of the substrates during rotation, and the beveled edges of the base substrate and package can maintain a desired angular relationship (e.g., perpendicular) between the base substrate and the package after rotation.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention provide for improved timing control in 2-D image processing to maintain a constant rate of memory fetches and pixel outputs even when the processing operations transition to a new line or frame of pixels. A one-to-one relationship between incoming pixel rate and outgoing pixel rate is maintained without additional clock cycles or memory bandwidth as an improved timing control according to the present invention takes advantage of idle memory bandwidth by pre-fetching a new column of pixel data in a first pixel block of a next line or frame while a new column of an edge pixel block on a current line is duplicated or zeroed out. As the edge pixel block(s) on the current line are processed, the data in the first pixel block of the next line or frame become ready for computation without extra clock cycles or extra memory bandwidth.
Abstract:
Objects are detected in real-time at full VGA 30 frame per second resolution. A preprocessor performs run-length encoding (RLE) and generates a summed area table (SAT) of an image. The RLE and SAT are used to identify candidate objects and to iteratively refine their boundaries. A histogram of gradients (HoG) and support vector machine (SVM) then reliably classify the object. The method may be part of an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS).