公开(公告)号：US3984310A

公开(公告)日：1976-10-05

申请号：US518887

申请日：1974-10-29

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10B21/00 ,  C10B25/16 ,  C10B43/00 ,  C10B43/12 ,  C10B43/10

CPC分类号： C10B25/16 ,  C10B21/00 ,  C10B43/00

摘要： An improved by-product coke oven wherein the ends are heated through the doors or jambs to prevent condensation of the tar and the deposit of carbon and coal. This improved coke oven possesses improved sealing features and minimizes pollution during coking and during the extraction of the doors.

摘要翻译： 一种改进的副产物焦炉，其中端部通过门或侧柱加热，以防止焦油和碳和煤的沉积物冷凝。 这种改进的焦炉具有改进的密封特征，并且在焦化期间和在提取门时最小化污染。

公开(公告)号：US5136808A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-11

申请号：US521545

申请日：1990-05-10

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/20

CPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K1/20 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/156 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2200/36 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  Y10S48/02

摘要： A gasifier for the gasification of a fuel material includes a chamber in which the material is converted into a gas and a molten slag. A quenching apparatus is provided for cooling and solidifying the molten slag. A nozzle extends between the chamber and the quenching apparatus. The nozzle includes an orifice having an inlet end for receiving the molten slag from the chamber and an outlet end for discharging the molten slag into the quenching apparatus. A recessed zone is provided between the outlet end of the orifice and the quenching apparatus. The recessed zone may be formed within the nozzle. An electric induction heating coil provides heat in the recessed zone to prevent the solidification of the slag at the outlet end of the orifice.

摘要翻译： 用于气化燃料的气化器包括其中材料转化为气体的气室和熔渣。 提供用于冷却和固化熔渣的淬火装置。 喷嘴在腔室和淬火装置之间延伸。 喷嘴包括具有用于接收来自腔室的熔渣的入口端的孔口和用于将熔渣排放到淬火装置中的出口端。 在孔口的出口端和淬火装置之间设置凹陷区域。 凹陷区域可以形成在喷嘴内。 电感应加热线圈在凹陷区域中提供热量以防止在孔口的出口端处的炉渣凝固。

公开(公告)号：US4464197A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-07

申请号：US131137

申请日：1980-03-17

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C21B13/12

CPC分类号： C21B13/12 ,  Y02P10/136

摘要： An improved method and apparatus for making metallic iron from iron ore including low-grade ore by the use of a solid reductant such as coal in a completely enclosed system wherein the heat for reduction originates from induction coils surrounding a vertical retort, said retort possesses compartments made of steel walls, which walls are heated by induction. The charge material made up of ore and coal are pre-mixed and charged into said compartments at the top of the retort and the iron ore is reduced while descending within said compartments so that when the charged materials reach the bottom of said compartments, the iron ore is metallized to elemental iron. A discharge means removes sections of the metallized iron from said shaft at a temperature of around 1,800.degree. and is fed into a mixer for liquification, desulfurization, and deganguing. The molten iron from the mixer is tapped into a ladle and is of high-quality iron equal in quality to blast furnace iron and suitable for charging directly into a steel making furnace. The slag material in the mixer is periodically removed from the mixer for disposal. In instances where the iron cannot be used in a molten state, it is passed through a pigging machine where it is solidified into pigs for subsequent use as a solid charge.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过在完全封闭的系统中使用固体还原剂如煤的铁矿石（包括低品位矿石）制造金属铁的改进方法和装置，其中用于还原的热源自围绕垂直蒸馏器的感应线圈，所述蒸馏器具有隔室 由钢墙制成，墙壁通过感应加热。 由矿石和煤组成的充电材料被预混合并装入蒸馏器顶部的所述隔室中，并且铁矿石在所述隔室内下降的同时减少，使得当带电材料到达所述隔室的底部时，铁 矿石被金属化成元素铁。 放电装置在大约1800度的温度下从所述轴上去除金属化铁的部分，并且进料到用于液化，脱硫和脱气的混合器中。 来自搅拌机的铁水浸入钢包中，质量优良的铁质高炉铁，适合直接装入炼钢炉。 将混合器中的炉渣材料定期从混合器中取出以进行处理。 在铁不能在熔融状态下使用的情况下，其通过清管机将其固化成猪，随后用作固体电荷。

公开(公告)号：US4104130A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-01

申请号：US703857

申请日：1976-07-09

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10B39/14

CPC分类号： C10B39/14

摘要： Quenching car having an inclined surface for supporting coke to be quenched, a moveable gate which in a first position retains the coke and in a second position permits discharge of coke from the inclined surface, and a bottom wall which guides the coke from the inclined surface across a space and over the wall of a reservoir carried on said quench car which will catch and hold excess quench water which drains between the inclined surface and the gate means.

摘要翻译： 具有用于支撑焦炭的倾斜表面的淬火车辆被淬火，在第一位置保持焦炭并且处于第二位置的可移动门允许焦炭从倾斜表面排出;以及底壁，其将焦炭从倾斜表面引导 跨过所述骤冷车辆上承载的储存器的空间和上方的壁上，该储存器将捕获并保持在倾斜表面和浇口装置之间排出的多余的骤冷水。

公开(公告)号：US5356530A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-18

申请号：US961670

申请日：1992-10-16

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10B55/00 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10G47/02

CPC分类号： C10J3/84 ,  C10B55/00 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1807

摘要： A method for upgrading a petroleum material comprises charging the material into a vessel having a cylindrical wall, then heating the cylindrical wall. The petroleum material adjacent the wall is heated to a temperature sufficient to form a layer of carbon on the wall, and volatile material generated at the wall during the carbon formation passes through the bulk of the petroleum material thermally cracking it to form smaller molecules and simultaneously desulfurizing same.

摘要翻译： 用于升级石油材料的方法包括将材料装入具有圆柱形壁的容器中，然后加热圆柱形壁。 将邻近壁的石油材料加热到足以在壁上形成碳层的温度，并且在碳形成期间在壁处产生的挥发性材料通过大量石油材料热裂解以形成较小的分子，同时 脱硫相同。

公开(公告)号：US4494984A

公开(公告)日：1985-01-22

申请号：US166172

申请日：1980-07-07

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C21B13/12

CPC分类号： C21B13/12 ,  Y02P10/136

摘要： A method of reducing iron oxide by induction heating. The method involves the following steps:(a) charging iron oxide and a carbonaceous material into the inlet end of a plurality of compartments whose walls comprise a material which is adaptable to being heated by induction wherein the plurality of compartments commonly share an induction coil means which surrounds the plurality of compartments and the induction coil means does not individually surround any of the compartments;(b) heating the walls of the compartments by the induction coil means to cause the metallization of the iron oxide by the reducing agents contained in the carbonaceous material;(c) discharging metallized iron from an outlet end of the plurality of compartments;(d) forcing the gaseous products generated by the reaction of the iron oxide and the reducing agents of the carbonaceous material, to flow toward the outlet end of the compartments to increase the efficiency of metallization; and(e) collecting the gaseous products resulting from the metallization of the iron oxide.

摘要翻译： 通过感应加热还原氧化铁的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将铁氧化物和碳质材料装入多个隔室的入口端，多个隔室的壁包括适于通过感应加热的材料，其中多个室通常共享感应线圈装置 围绕所述多个隔间的所述感应线圈装置不包围所述隔室中的任一个; （b）通过感应线圈装置加热隔室的壁，以使包含在碳质材料中的还原剂对氧化铁进行金属化; （c）从多个隔室的出口端排出金属化铁; （d）强制由氧化铁和碳质材料的还原剂反应产生的气体产物朝向隔室的出口端流动，以提高金属化的效率; 和（e）收集由氧化铁的金属化产生的气体产物。

公开(公告)号：US4469488A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-04

申请号：US365899

申请日：1982-04-06

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10J3/10 ,  C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/14

CPC分类号： C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/10 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/36 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1671

摘要： An improved method for generating gas from coal including caking and high sulfur coals, in a completely enclosed system wherein no oxygen or air is used to burn a portion of the coal and/or char to produce heat for the reaction. The heat for the reaction of the instant invention is produced by electric induction coils surrounding a vertical retort which possesses a plurality of compartments or cells whose walls are heated by induction. Energy requirement is reduced by pressurizing and methanating within the compartments in order to benefit from exothermic reaction of the methane formation. The coal charged is heated by said walls so that the coal is converted from coal to coke or char by driving the volatiles from the coal in a controlled and efficient manner. The char is further kept hot by the same heated walls of said compartments and also by direct induction to make possible the generation of gas, mainly CO and H.sub.2 by reacting steam with said hot char. The coal is charged at the top of said retort, in a sealed manner and the ash removed from the bottom without causing pollution. The conditions within said compartments are such that the CO formed is made to react with the H.sub.2 in the coal as the CO rises to form CH.sub.4 and H.sub.2 O and give off heat to result in reducing the heat energy induced by the induction coils. The hot generated methanated gas rises within said retort and leaves it at the top thence it is directed to a desulfurizer for cleaning. The gas is then used in different ways.

摘要翻译： 在完全封闭的系统中，用于从包括结块和高硫煤在内的煤产生气体的改进方法，其中不使用氧气或空气来燃烧一部分煤和/或焦炭以产生用于反应的热量。 用于本发明的反应的热量由围绕垂直蒸馏器的电感应线圈产生，该垂直蒸馏器具有通过感应加热其壁的多个室或单元。 为了受益于甲烷形成的放热反应，在室内加压和甲烷化来降低能量需求。 充电的煤被所述壁加热，以便以受控和有效的方式从煤中驱使挥发物从煤转化为焦炭或焦炭。 焦炭通过所述隔室的相同的加热壁进一步保持热，并且还通过直接诱导使得可能通过使蒸汽与所述热炭反应而产生气体，主要是CO和H 2。 煤以密封的方式装入所述蒸馏器的顶部，并从底部除去灰尘而不造成污染。 所述室内的条件是使CO形成的CO与CO中的H 2反应，因为CO上升以形成CH 4和H 2 O，并且发出热量以导致降低由感应线圈引起的热能。 热产生的甲烷化气体在所述蒸馏器内升高，并将其离开顶部，然后被引导至脱硫器进行清洁。 然后以不同的方式使用气体。

公开(公告)号：US4072299A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-07

申请号：US680757

申请日：1976-04-27

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C21C5/38 ,  C21C5/42 ,  C21C5/40

CPC分类号： C21C5/42 ,  C21C5/38 ,  Y02P10/212

摘要： The improvement in method and apparatus for basic oxygen steel making employing the off-gas principle for pre-heating purposes. This improvement involves the directing of the off-gas from a first furnace during refining to a second furnace, and burning said off-gas within the second furnace efficiently in order to preheat scrap and/or iron pellets in order to decrease the charge of molten pig iron and increase the solid charge. At the conclusion of the refining portion of the cycle, said first furnace is emptied of its steel and the cold charge is introduced into it while molten pig iron is charged into said second furnace on top of the pre-heated scrap. The cycle is then reversed by refining in said second furnace and directing said off-gas to said first furnace where it is mixed with oxygen or air and burnt within it to provide energy for the pre-heat. The method and apparatus provide for the protection of the lining and gives consideration to maintenance and pollution control. This improvement makes use of the off-gas which is generally wasted and in this manner conserves an appreciable amount of energy.

摘要翻译： 碱性氧气制备方法和设备的改进采用废气原理进行预热。 这种改进涉及在精炼期间将废气从第一炉引导到第二炉中，并且有效地在第二炉内燃烧废气以便预热废料和/或铁丸，以便降低熔融的 生铁，增加固体电荷。 在循环的精炼部分结束时，所述第一炉被清空其钢，并且将冷装料引入其中，同时将熔融的生铁装入预热废料顶部的所述第二炉中。 然后通过在所述第二炉中精炼将循环反向，并将所述废气引导到所述第一炉，在其中与氧或空气混合并在其中燃烧以提供用于预热的能量。 该方法和装置提供了衬里的保护，并考虑到维护和污染控制。 这种改进利用通常被浪费的废气，并且以这种方式节省了可观量的能量。

公开(公告)号：US4002537A

公开(公告)日：1977-01-11

申请号：US510659

申请日：1974-09-30

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10B25/16

CPC分类号： C10B25/16

摘要： An improved method and apparatus for by-product coke oven operation wherein the problems of pollution caused by gases leaking out of the oven during the coking cycle are eliminated by providing an improved coke oven door using the metal-to-metal contact principle. Because of thermal conditions the distortion of the jambs and the distortion of the doors themselves takes place thus making the sealing of coke oven doors very difficult; this in particular is very serious with respect to high ovens. This distortion being of such form that the distortion of the jamb occurs in the opposite direction of the distortion of the oven door. This invention compensates for such distortion and makes possible the proper fit up of the door to a particular jamb irrespective of the degree of distortion.

摘要翻译： 一种用于副产物焦炉操作的改进方法和装置，其中通过使用金属对金属接触原理提供改进的焦炉门来消除在焦化循环期间从炉中泄漏的气体引起的污染问题。 由于热条件，侧壁的变形和门本身的变形发生，从而使得焦炉门的密封非常困难; 这对于高炉而言尤其严重。 这种变形是这样的形式，使得侧柱的变形发生在与炉门的变形相反的方向上。 本发明补偿了这种变形，并且使得门能够适当地适应特定的侧翼而不管失真程度如何。

公开(公告)号：US4927430A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US198862

申请日：1988-05-26

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/20

CPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/20 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18

摘要： A method of generating a de-sulphurized volatile matter and a relatively low Btu gas includes the initial step of pyrolyzing coal to produce volatile matter and a char. The volatile matter is fed to a first de-sulphurizer containing a de-sulphurizing agent to remove sulphur therefrom. At the same time, the char is gasified to produce a relatively low Btu gas. The low Btu gas is fed to a second de-sulphurizer containing the de-sulphurizing agent to remove sulphur therefrom. A regenerator is provided for removing sulphur from the de-sulphurizing agent. Portions of the de-sulphurizing agent are moved among the first de-sulphurizer, the second de-sulphurizer, and the regenerator such that the regenerator regenerates the de-sulphurizing agent. Preferably, the portions of the de-sulphurizing agent are moved from the second de-sulphurizer to the first de-sulphurizer, from the first de-sulphurizer to the regenerator, and from the regenerator to the second de-sulphurizer.

摘要翻译： 产生脱硫挥发性物质和相对低的Btu气体的方法包括热解煤以产生挥发性物质和炭的初始步骤。 将挥发性物质进料至含有脱硫剂的第一脱硫剂以从其中除去硫。 同时，炭被气化以产生相对较低的Btu气体。 将低Btu气体进料到含有脱硫剂的第二脱硫剂以从其中除去硫。 提供了用于从脱硫剂中除去硫的再生器。 脱硫剂的一部分在第一脱硫剂，第二脱硫剂和再生器中移动，使得再生器再生脱硫剂。 优选地，脱硫剂的部分从第二脱硫剂移动到第一脱硫剂，从第一脱硫剂到再生器，以及从再生器到第二脱硫剂。