Abstract:
A method of linking on-chip parasitic coupling capacitance into distributed pre-layout passive models such as distributed transmission line models and on-chip spiral inductor models includes recognizing a passive device such as a distributed transmission line device and an on-chip spiral inductor device, interpreting data obtained from the recognizing the passive device, breaking the passive device into a plurality of sections, the plurality of sections including a terminal of a model call, extracting parameters of the passive device by Layout Versus Schematic (LVS) and parasitic extraction, connecting the terminal to a pre-layout passive network by selectively low and high resistive paths set by the parameters of the passive device depending on whether crossing lines are present or not present in one of the plurality of sections, connecting the terminal to a distributed passive model, and coupling the crossing lines to the terminal via capacitors produced in an extracted netlist with the passive device having distributed coupling to a plurality of crossing lines.
Abstract:
Cleaning up hydrocarbon oil spills on a water surface which involves projecting open cellular particles of a highly oleophilic plastic foam such as polystyrene having a solvent affinity for petroleum substantially equivalent to that of polystyrene foam, to preferentially effect absorption of the oil and the agglomeration of the particles into lumps, mechanically recovering the lumps by screening and thereafter completely burning the oil saturated lumps to finally disposed thereof. The apparatus for carrying out the method includes a heated foaming vessel supplied with foamable plastic particles and means for projecting the particles, after they have been foamed or expanded, upon oil floating on a water surface. These means include a barrel to which the foamed particles are conveyed as well as propulsive means which disintegrate the foamed particles into relatively small particulates, which are then cast onto the oil. Preferably the oil is surrounded by the foamed particles. The apparatus can be mounted on a barge or other vessel.