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公开(公告)号：US6111472A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US136590
申请日：1998-08-19
CPC分类号： H01P1/2005 , H03F3/08
摘要： A launch quasi-optical amplifier including a photonic bandgap crystal, designed to operate within a specific frequency range. The photonic bandgap crystal is populated with active devices that are coupled to the alternate layers, or defects, in the crystal to compensate for the absorption in the alternate layers thereby creating a negative absorption coefficient. The photonic bandgap crystal is operable as an amplifier when the active devices are amplifiers, and as a wave source when the active devices are oscillators.
摘要翻译： 包括光子带隙晶体的发射准光放大器，设计用于在特定频率范围内工作。 光子带隙晶体填充有活性器件，其耦合到晶体中的交替层或缺陷，以补偿交替层中的吸收，从而产生负吸收系数。 当有源器件是放大器时，光子带隙晶体可用作放大器，并且当有源器件是振荡器时作为波源工作。
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12.发明授权Bipolar junction transistor (BJT)--resonant tunneling diode (RTD) oscillator circuit and method 失效双极结晶体管（BJT） - 谐振隧穿二极管（RTD）振荡电路及方法
公开(公告)号：US5883549A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US879456
申请日：1997-06-20
摘要： A BJT, an inductor, and an RTD are configured to define a negative resistance oscillator circuit that is suitable for monolithic integration. The BJT is forward biased so that the RTD operates at a DC operating point (I.sub.Q,V.sub.Q) on its characteristic I-V curve in its negative differential resistance region. The thermal noise inherent in the circuit causes it to start oscillating about the DC operating point (I.sub.Q,V.sub.Q) where the RTD's negative resistance R.sub.n provides positive feedback that amplifies the oscillations until equilibrium is established thereby producing a sinusoidal waveform. The low power BJT/RTD oscillator operates at power levels approximately one-tenth those of known integrated feedback oscillators and oscillates at frequencies in the hundreds of Ghz range that are currently only achievable using waveguide oscillators.
摘要翻译： BJT，电感和RTD被配置为定义适合于单片集成的负电阻振荡器电路。 BJT正向偏置，使得RTD在其负差分电阻区域的特征I-V曲线上以直流工作点（IQ，VQ）工作。 电路固有的热噪声使其开始围绕DC工作点（IQ，VQ）开始振荡，其中RTD的负电阻Rn提供正反馈，放大振荡直到建立平衡，从而产生正弦波形。 低功率BJT / RTD振荡器的功率水平约为已知集成反馈振荡器的十分之一，并且在目前仅使用波导振荡器可实现的数百GHz频率范围内振荡。
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公开(公告)号：US5808527A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US771610
申请日：1996-12-21
IPC分类号： H01P1/20 , H01H59/00 , H01P1/12 , H01P1/15 , H01P5/04 , H03F3/60 , H03H7/12 , H03H11/04 , H01P1/203 , H01P1/10
CPC分类号： H03F3/60 , H01P1/127 , H01P5/04 , H01H59/0009 , H03F2200/252 , H03F2200/421 , H03F2200/451
摘要： A desired frequency response of a microwave network on a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), a microwave integrated circuit (MIC), or a hybrid circuit is achieved by selectively switching MEM switches to change the network topology. In a filter network, MEM switches connected between capacitors and inductors are selectively switched to change the network configuration to achieve a desired frequency response. In an amplifier network, the MEM switches are selectively switched to tune the amplifier to a desired frequency response and to reduce harmonic output.
摘要翻译： 通过选择性地切换MEM开关来改变网络拓扑，实现微波网络在单片微波集成电路（MMIC），微波集成电路（MIC）或混合电路上的期望频率响应。 在滤波器网络中，连接在电容器和电感器之间的MEM开关被选择性地切换以改变网络配置以实现期望的频率响应。 在放大器网络中，MEM开关被选择性地切换以将放大器调谐到期望的频率响应并且减少谐波输出。
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14.发明授权Photonic bandgap crystal frequency multiplexers and a pulse blanking filter for use therewith 失效光子带隙晶体频率复用器和与其一起使用的脉冲消隐滤波器
公开(公告)号：US5748057A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US656742
申请日：1996-06-03
CPC分类号： H01P1/2005 , H01P1/20 , H01P1/213
摘要： Frequency multiplexers that incorporate either a power divider network or a power coupling cavity in conjunction with photonic bandgap filters. The frequency multiplexers comprise a signal input and a plurality of signal outputs. In a first embodiment of the multiplexer, a 1-to-N power divider network is coupled to the signal input, and a predetermined number of photonic bandgap filters are coupled between the divider network and the plurality of signal outputs and that are driven by the divider network. Each photonic bandgap filter has an predetermined bandpass characteristic such that the plurality of filters cover the total input signal bandwidth. In a second embodiment of the multiplexer, a cavity is formed between the signal input and the plurality of filters. The spatial locations of the filters tailor the propagation properties of the cavity so that a corresponding plurality of propagating modes are established linking the different input frequency bands and the signal output. Each filter comprises a wave launching antenna, a waveguide-like cavity, a receiving antenna, and a photonic bandgap crystal disposed in the waveguide-like cavity that comprises a dielectric substrate having upper and lower metal boundaries that define lengths of dielectric members therein, and at least one switch interconnecting pairs of dielectric members formed in the substrate.
摘要翻译： 将功率分配器网络或功率耦合腔结合到光子带隙滤波器的频率多路复用器。 频率复用器包括信号输入和多个信号输出。 在多路复用器的第一实施例中，1对N功率分配器网络耦合到信号输入，并且预定数量的光子带隙滤波器耦合在分频器网络和多个信号输出之间，并且由 分频网络。 每个光子带隙滤波器具有预定的带通特性，使得多个滤波器覆盖总输入信号带宽。 在多路复用器的第二实施例中，在信号输入和多个滤波器之间形成空腔。 滤光器的空间位置调整空腔的传播特性，从而建立连接不同输入频带和信号输出的对应的多个传播模式。 每个滤波器包括布置在波导状空腔中的波发射天线，波导状腔，接收天线和光子带隙晶体，其包括具有限定其中的电介质构件长度的上金属边界和下金属边界的电介质基底，以及 至少一个互连成对的电介质构件的开关。
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公开(公告)号：US08347720B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US12826605
申请日：2010-06-29
IPC分类号： G01P15/08
CPC分类号： G01P15/08 , G01P15/0802 , G01P15/0894 , G01P2015/0814 , G01P2015/088
摘要： A tunneling accelerometer includes a proof mass that moves laterally with respect to a cap wafer. Either the proof mass or the cap wafer includes a plurality of tunneling tips such that the remaining one of proof mass and the cap wafer includes a corresponding plurality of counter electrodes. The tunneling current flowing between the tunneling tips and the counter electrodes will thus vary as the proof mass laterally displaces in response to an applied acceleration.
摘要翻译： 隧道加速度计包括相对于盖晶片横向移动的检验质量块。 检测质量块或盖片晶片都包括多个隧道尖端，使得剩余的一个检测质量块和盖片晶片包括相应的多个对电极。 因此，隧道尖端和对置电极之间流动的隧穿电流将随着检测质量响应于所施加的加速度而横向移位而变化。
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16.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06483396B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-19
申请号：US09552955
申请日：2000-04-20
IPC分类号： H01P110
摘要： A redundant microwave system operable to process a microwave signal propagating in a microwave cavity includes a microwave cavity and two microwave processing devices. Each microwave processing device has a transmissive impedance when it is on and a reflective impedance when it is off. There is a separate coupling probe extending from each of the microwave processing devices to locations within the microwave cavity. When a primary one of the microwave processing devices is switched on and the redundant microwave processing device is switched off, its coupling probe reflects energy so that almost all of the energy flows through the primary microwave processing device. If the primary microwave processing device fails and is switched off, its coupling probe reflects energy so that almost all energy flows through the redundant device. No separate active switching device or circuit is used.
摘要翻译： 可操作以处理在微波腔中传播的微波信号的冗余微波系统包括微波腔和两个微波处理装置。 每个微波处理装置在其接通时具有透射阻抗，并且当它关闭时具有反射阻抗。 存在从每个微波处理装置延伸到微波腔内的位置的单独耦合探针。 当主要的微波处理装置被接通并且冗余的微波处理装置关闭时，其耦合探针反射能量，使得几乎所有的能量都流过初级微波处理装置。 如果主微波处理装置故障并关闭，其耦合探头反射能量，使得几乎所有的能量都流过冗余装置。 不使用单独的有源开关装置或电路。
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17.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06467152B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09460184
申请日：1999-12-11
IPC分类号： H01Q1700
CPC分类号： H01P5/107 , H01P11/00 , Y10T29/49016 , Y10T29/49018 , Y10T29/4913 , Y10T29/49156
摘要： A microwave microstrip/waveguide transition structure includes a substrate, an elongated microstrip layer residing on a surface of the substrate, and an elongated integral hollow waveguide on the surface of the substrate. The microstrip layer and a side of the hollow waveguide constitute a single continuous piece of metal. The transition structure is fabricated by providing a substrate, depositing a metallic layer on the substrate, and depositing a metallic hollow housing continuous with a portion of a length of the metallic layer. The metallic hollow waveguide bounded by the metallic layer and the metallic hollow housing and having a contained volume therewithin is thereby defined.
摘要翻译： 微波微带/波导过渡结构包括衬底，驻留在衬底表面上的细长微带层和衬底表面上的细长整体中空波导。 微带层和中空波导的一侧构成单个连续的金属片。 通过提供衬底，在衬底上沉积金属层，以及沉积与金属层的一部分长度连续的金属中空壳体来制造过渡结构。 因此限定了由金属层和金属中空壳体限定并具有容纳体积的金属中空波导管。
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公开(公告)号：US6040611A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-21
申请号：US150901
申请日：1998-09-10
CPC分类号： H01H59/0009 , H01H2059/0054
摘要： A microelectromechanical (MEM) device includes a substrate and a flexible cantilever beam. The substrate has positioned thereon a first interconnection line separated by a first gap and a second interconnection line separated by a second gap parallel to the first interconnection line. The substrate also has positioned thereon a first and second primary control electrode wherein one of the first and second primary control electrodes is positioned on one side of one of the first and second interconnection lines and the other one is positioned on the other side of the other first and second interconnection lines. The flexible cantilever beam has a top surface and a bottom surface and a beam width slightly larger than the gap widths at the gaps. A flexible anchor is secured to the bottom surface of the beam at a center of the beam and attached to a center of the substrate so as to position the beam orthogonally to the first and second interconnection lines. Secondary control electrodes are secured to the bottom surface of the beam and positioned opposite the primary control electrodes. First and second contact pads are secured to the bottom surface of the beam and positioned opposite the first and second interconnection lines.
摘要翻译： 微机电（MEM）装置包括基板和柔性悬臂梁。 衬底上定位有由第一间隙隔开的第一互连线和由与第一互连线平行的第二间隙分开的第二互连线。 基板还在其上定位有第一和第二主要控制电极，其中第一和第二主要控制电极中的一个位于第一和第二互连线之一的一侧，另一个位于另一个的另一侧 第一和第二互连线。 柔性悬臂梁具有顶部表面和底部表面以及稍大于间隙处的间隙宽度的梁宽度。 柔性锚固件在梁的中心处固定到梁的底表面并且附接到基板的中心，以便将梁垂直定位到第一和第二互连线。 二次控制电极固定到梁的底表面并且与主控制电极相对定位。 第一和第二接触垫固定到梁的底表面并与第一和第二互连线相对定位。
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19.发明授权Single-pole single-throw microelectro mechanical switch with active off-state control 有权具有主动关态控制的单刀单掷微电机械开关
公开(公告)号：US5994796A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US128642
申请日：1998-08-04
CPC分类号： H01P1/127 , H01H59/0009 , Y10T307/74 , Y10T307/747 , Y10T307/766 , Y10T307/826
摘要： A microelectromechanical switch having a beam cantilevered from a switch base, a first control electrode, having no path to ground, in contact with the fixed end of the cantilevered beam and a second control electrode, also having no path to ground, mounted to the switch base underneath the cantilevered beam, but not in contact therewith. A contact electrode is located underneath the free end of the cantilevered beam. The first and second control electrodes are manipulated to actively effect both the ON and OFF states of the microelectromechanical switch by forcing the beam in and out of contact with the contact electrode.
摘要翻译： 一种微电子机械开关，其具有从开关基座悬臂梁的第一控制电极，不具有与悬臂梁的固定端接触的第一控制电极和第二控制电极，第二控制电极也没有连接到地的路径，安装到开关 基底在悬臂梁下方，但不与其接触。 接触电极位于悬臂梁的自由端下方。 操纵第一和第二控制电极以通过迫使光束与接触电极接触和脱离而主动地影响微机电开关的导通和截止状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5945934A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US880283
申请日：1997-06-23
CPC分类号： H03M1/50
摘要： A tracking analog-to-digital converter (ADC) which incorporates an input device, such as a superlattice, which produces a pulsating output current corresponding to the voltage level of an analog input voltage and an encoding device to provides a unique digital code which can be read to yield an approximation of the analog input voltage level. By simultaneously tracking the analog input voltage, the device operates at higher speeds than previously attainable. The resolution of the new ADC is increased by composing the input device to respond to narrow voltage ranges. When the input device is a superlattice, narrow response ranges are accomplished by composing the superlattice to have an increased number of resonances or by vertically stacking a plurality of superlattices.
摘要翻译： 一种跟踪模数转换器（ADC），其包括诸如超晶格的输入装置，其产生对应于模拟输入电压的电压电平的脉动输出电流和编码装置，以提供唯一的数字代码，其可以 读取以产生模拟输入电压电平的近似值。 通过同时跟踪模拟输入电压，器件以比先前可获得的更高的速度工作。 通过组合输入设备来响应窄电压范围，增加了新的ADC的分辨率。 当输入设备是超晶格时，通过组合超晶格来实现窄响应范围以具有增加的谐振次数或通过垂直堆叠多个超晶格来实现。
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