摘要:
In a direct-heated flow measuring apparatus including an electric heater of a film resistor type and a temperature-detecting resistor for detecting the temperature within a passage, the flow rate thereof is measured by a sensing circuit. The temperatures of the electric heater and the temperature of the temperature-detecting resistor are compared. The measuring operation of the sensing circuit is stopped when the temperature within the passage is abnormal as indicated by this comparison.
摘要:
An image processing apparatus for simulating a print output of a printing machine. The image processing apparatus firstly acquires color value information for converting color value information of image data so that a color reproduced on one surface of a recording medium by the printing machine based on the color value information is reproduced as an output. The image processing apparatus secondly acquires show-through color profile information for converting the color value information so that the color reproduced on the one surface by the printing machine as seen from the other surface is reproduced. The image processing apparatus then generates image data formed by composing first image data obtained by converting the color value information based on the color profile information, with second image data obtained by converting the color value information based on the show-through color profile information and by inverting the converted color value information horizontally or vertically.
摘要:
A drive circuit supplies a FB feedback signal having a predetermined frequency to drive electrodes to vibrate a vibrator. An angular velocity detecting circuit detects a vibratory movement caused in a direction normal to an oscillating direction of the vibrator based on a sensing signal of angular velocity sensing electrodes, thereby generating an angular velocity signal. A signal input circuit supplies a diagnostic signal having a frequency different from that of the FB signal, which is entered into the vibrator via diagnosing electrodes. A diagnosis circuit generates a breakdown signal based on a signal responsive to the diagnostic signal which is obtained from at least one of the drive electrodes and the angular velocity sensing electrodes.
摘要:
In a direct-heated flow measuring apparatus including a substrate having a film resistance pattern and a supporting member for supporting the substrate, the supporting member has good heat dissipation characteristics. Provided between the substrate and the supporting member is a heat transfer throttling portion.
摘要:
In a semiconductor-type flow rate detecting apparatus, a casing arranged in the fluid path includes first and second semiconductor chips. The first semiconductor chip has a first temperature detector. The second semiconductor chip arranged in proximity to the first semiconductor chip has a heater and a second temperature detector.
摘要:
An air cleaner has a discharge electrode member, an intermediate electrode member, and a counter electrode member disposed opposed and spaced apart from each other. A voltage source is connected between the discharge member and the intermediate member for generating ionic wind. A further voltage source is connected between the intermediate member and the counter member for accelerating the ionic wind such that the gradient direction of the electric field between the discharge member and the intermediate member is identical to that between the intermediate member and the counter member.
摘要:
A direct-heated gas-flow measuring apparatus for a passage including a plurality of film resistors, disposed within the passage, for generating heat and measuring the temperature thereof, and a feedback control circuit for controlling the heat generated by the film resistors so that the temperature of each of the film resistors is a predetermined value. The feedback control circuit generates a plurality of output signals corresponding to voltages applied to the film resistors. A mean value for the plurality of output signals is calculated as the amount of gas-flow rate.
摘要:
In a knock detecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine, the output signal of a knock sensor whose output signal level varies in accordance with the engine conditions, engine speed, sensor sensitivity, etc., is passed through an automatic gain control circuit (AGC) thereby stabilizing the output level. The background noise level derived by integrating the output signal and the stabilized output signal are compared to detect the occurrence of knocking. The stabilized output signal is passed through a low-pass filter or a band-pass filter and the resulting control signal is used to control the gain of the AGC circuit.
摘要:
An engine knocking detection device has a diaphragm to be disposed in contact with the engine cooling water so as to resonate with pulsations of the pressure of the cooling water caused by engine knockings, and output elements responsive to the vibration of the diaphragm to produce an electrical output signal to be utilized for the control of engine spark timing. The water-contacting surface of the diaphragm is coated with a layer of a hydrophilic material operative to prevent attachment or adhesion of air bubbles to the water-contacting surface of the diaphragm whereby the sensitivity of the diaphragm to the water pressure pulsation is improved.
摘要:
A multiplexing control system has a common process input/output unit for distributing process signals from sensors for measuring the same state variable of a process to digital controllers. One process input/output unit for inputting/outputting a process signal between the multiplexing control system and plant is provided for each process signal. The process input/output unit for the process signal of high importance is triplexed. A process controller having an operating function is provided to each of the triplexed process input/output units. A process input/output unit for the process signal of intermediate importance is diplexed. A process input/output unit for the process signal of low importance is monoplexed. The process signals of the diplexed process input/output units and the monoplexed process input/output unit are controlled by a controller having a master right among the process controllers.