摘要:
Optically active compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein m stands for the number 1 and R.sup.2 is an unsubstituted or halogen-substituted alkyl or alkenyl group in which optionally one methylene group is replaced by oxygen and/or optionally one methylene group is replaced by an ester group --COO-- or --OOC--; or m stands for the number 0 or 1 and R.sup.2 denotes a group of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 each independently represent an alkyl or alkenyl group in which optionally one methylene group is replaced by oxygen; Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 each independently are a single covalent bond, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --COO-- or --OOC--; n stands for the number 0 or 1; rings A.sup.1 an A.sup.2 each independently are unsubstituted or halogen, cyano and/or methyl-substituted 1,4-phenylene in which optionally 1 CH group or 2 CH groups is/are replaced by nitrogen; and C* denotes a chiral carbon atom; with the proviso that simultaneously R.sup.1 does not are an alkyl group, m and n do not are the number 1, Z.sup.1 does not are the group --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 O-- and ring A.sup.1, Z.sup.2, ring A.sup.2 and R.sup.2 together do not are 4-(5-alkyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-phenyl, their preparation, liquid crystalline mixtures which contain these compounds and their use for electro-optical purposes.
摘要:
Optically active compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein n stands for the number 0 or 1; R.sup.3 denotes a group R.sup.4 or a group of the general formula ##STR2## A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene, which is unsubstituted or mono- or multiply-substituted with halogen, cyano and/or methyl and in which, where it is unsubstituted, 1 or 2 CH groups is/are optionally replaced by nitrogen, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, trans-1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, bycyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, tetralin-2,6-diyl or trans-decalin-2,6-diyl; Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.4 each independently signify a single covalent bond or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 each independently denote a single covalent bond, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --COO--, --OOC--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O--, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- or the trans form of --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--; R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 each independently signify alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxymethyl with 2 to 12 carbon atoms, p-alkoxyphenyl or p-alkoxybenzyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 each independently signify hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl; R.sup.4 denotes hydrogen, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy or alkyl or alkenyl with 1 to 12 and, respectively, 2 to 12 carbon atoms, which are unsubstituted or mono- or multiply-substituted with halogen, cyano and/or methyl and in which one methylene group or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by --O--, --COO-- and/or --OOC--; and the oxazoline ring in formula I is present in optically active form, liquid crystalline mixtures which contain such dopants and their use for optical and electro-optical purposes.
摘要:
The invention is concerned with linear and cyclic polymers or oligomers having a photoreactive ethene group. The polymers are of the formula ##STR1## wherein M.sub.a, M.sub.b, M.sub.c are monomer units for homo- or copolymers;x, y, z are mole fractions of the copolymers, whereby in each case 0
摘要:
Chiral dopants of the formula ##STR1## in which n represents the number 0 or 1; R.sup.3 denotes a group of the general formula ##STR2## A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3, independently of one another, represent 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano and/or methyl and in which 1 or 2 CH groups may be replaced by nitrogen, or represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, trans-1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, and ring A.sup.2 additionally represents 1,4-biphenylene; Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.4, independently of one another, denote a single covalent bond or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3, independently of one another, denote a single covalent bond, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --COO--, --OOC--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O--, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- or the trans-form of --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --O-- or --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--; with the proviso that, if R.sup.3 denotes a group of the formula II, at least one of the groups Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 denotes --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --O--, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- or the trans-form of --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --O-- or --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--; R.sup.1, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 denote hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl or alkoxycarbonyl; R.sup.2 denotes alkyl, phenyl or alkoxycarbonyl; R.sup.4 denotes halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy or alkyl in which one --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- may be replaced by --CH.dbd.CH-- and/or one or two non-adjacent methylene groups may be replaced by --O--, --COO-- and/or --OOC-- and/or one methylene group methylene group may be replaced by --CHX--; X denotes halogen, cyano or methyl; and the dioxolane ring shown in the formula I is in optically active form, liquid-crystalline mixtures which contain such dopants, and their use for optical and electrooptical purposes.
摘要:
Compounds containing a 4-[(E)-alk-2-enoyloxy]benzoate group and liquid crystalline mixtures which contain such compounds and the use of such compounds and, respectively, mixtures in electro-optical indicating devices.The compounds are of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms;X.sup.1, X.sup.3 each independently are halogen or hydrogen; andX.sup.2 is halogen or cyano.
摘要:
The present invention is concerned with photo cross-linkable liquid crystals of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a cross-linkable mesogenic residue;X is a single bond, --COO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --CONH-- or --C.dbd.N--; andQ is n-alkylene, c-alkylene, 1,4-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene or 2,6-naphthylene;liquid crystalline mixtures which contain such compounds as well as their use in the cross-linked state for optical building elements.
摘要:
The invention is concerned with linear and cyclic polymers or oligomers having a photoreactive ethene group. The polymers are of the formula ##STR1## wherein M.sub.a, M.sub.b, M.sub.c are monomer units for homo- or copolymers;x, y, z are mole fractions of the copolymers, whereby in each case 0
摘要:
Compounds having the Formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes an alkenyl group;A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene, which is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen and in which, when it is unsubstituted, optionally 1 or 2 CH group(s) is/are replaced by nitrogen, or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or trans-1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl;Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 each independently signify a single covalent bond, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --COO--, --OOC--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, --C.dbd.C--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O-- or the trans form of --OCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CHCH.sub.2 O--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --;n is either 0, 1 or 2; andR.sup.2 is halogen, cyano or alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted with fluorine and in which optionally 1 --CH.sub.2 -- group or 2 non-adjacent --CH.sub.2 -- groups is/are replaced by oxygen, --COO--, --OOC--, --CO-- and/or a --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- group is replaced by --CH.dbd.CH--,are useful in electro-optical applications. Liquid crystalline mixtures containing such compounds are especially suitable for use in commercial applications, such as electro-optic cells.
摘要:
A single-piece piston body for an internal combustion engine includes a crown portion having a circumferential ring belt including an oil ring groove configured to accommodate an oil control ring and a skirt portion having a first skirt wall disposed on the major thrust side and a second skirt wall disposed on the minor thrust side of the piston, and two box walls that connect the skirt walls and which are set back with respect to the ring belt. A first plurality and a second plurality of axial drain passages extend from the oil ring groove to the bottom of the crown portion, the first and second pluralities of axial drain passages being substantially centered at opposite box sides of the piston and each plurality of axial drain passages spanning an arcuate portion of about 45-75 degrees.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing encapsulated superhard material, the method comprising the steps of providing a source of superhard material, providing a mixture comprising an appropriate binder, a solvent or fluid medium and the intended coating or encapsulating layer, combining the superhard material and the mixture in a shovel rotor comprising a vessel including a rotor, the vessel adapted to receive a stream of gas; and rotating the rotor at an appropriate velocity such that the superhard material is encapsulated by the mixture. The invention further relates to an encapsulated superhard material produced by a method as hereinbefore described.