公开(公告)号：US08309049B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-13

申请号：US12581656

申请日：2009-10-19

申请人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： C01B31/18 ,  C01B31/20 ,  C01B3/24

CPC分类号： B01J10/005 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/192 ,  B01J2219/1923 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C01B3/348 ,  C01B2203/02 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/0833 ,  C01B2203/1247

摘要： A molten metal reactor for converting a carbon material and steam into a gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide is disclosed. The reactor includes an interior crucible having a portion contained within an exterior crucible. The interior crucible includes an inlet and an outlet; the outlet leads to the exterior crucible and may comprise a diffuser. The exterior crucible may contain a molten alkaline metal compound. Contained between the exterior crucible and the interior crucible is at least one baffle.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将碳材料和蒸汽转化为包含氢气，一氧化碳和二氧化碳的气体的熔融金属反应器。 反应器包括具有包含在外部坩埚内的部分的内部坩埚。 内部坩埚包括入口和出口; 出口通向外坩埚并且可以包括扩散器。 外部坩埚可以含有熔融的碱金属化合物。 外部坩埚和内部坩埚之间包含至少一个挡板。

公开(公告)号：US06581409B2

公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

申请号：US10086066

申请日：2002-02-27

申请人： Bruce M. Wilding ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Kevin T. Raterman ,  Gary L. Palmer ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  John J. Vranicar

发明人： Bruce M. Wilding ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Kevin T. Raterman ,  Gary L. Palmer ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  John J. Vranicar

IPC分类号： F25J300

CPC分类号： F25J1/0259 ,  F25J1/0022 ,  F25J1/0037 ,  F25J1/004 ,  F25J1/0045 ,  F25J1/0201 ,  F25J1/0232 ,  F25J1/0244 ,  F25J1/0247 ,  F25J1/0262 ,  F25J1/0275 ,  F25J5/002 ,  F25J2205/20 ,  F25J2205/60 ,  F25J2205/84 ,  F25J2210/06 ,  F25J2220/62 ,  F25J2220/66 ,  F25J2220/68 ,  F25J2230/30 ,  F25J2240/60 ,  F25J2245/90 ,  F25J2290/44 ,  F25J2290/62 ,  F28D7/04 ,  Y10S62/904 ,  Y10S62/929

摘要： An apparatus and method for producing liquefied natural gas. A liquefaction plant may be coupled to a source of unpurified natural gas, such as a natural gas pipeline at a pressure letdown station. A portion of the gas is drawn off and split into a process stream and a cooling stream. The cooling stream passes through a turbo expander creating work output. A compressor is driven by the work output and compresses the process stream. The compressed process stream is cooled, such as by the expanded cooling stream. The cooled, compressed process stream is divided into first and second portions with the first portion being expanded to liquefy the natural gas. A gas-liquid separator separates the vapor from the liquid natural gas. The second portion of the cooled, compressed process stream is also expanded and used to cool the compressed process stream. Additional features and techniques may be integrated with the liquefaction process including a water clean-up cycle and a carbon dioxide (CO2) clean-up cycle.

公开(公告)号：US10655911B2

公开(公告)日：2020-05-19

申请号：US13528246

申请日：2012-06-20

申请人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler

发明人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler

IPC分类号： F25J1/00 ,  F25J1/02

摘要： A method of liquefying natural gas. The method comprises cooling a gaseous natural gas process stream with a refrigerant flowing in a path isolated from the natural gas process stream. The refrigerant may differ in composition from a composition of the natural gas process stream, and the refrigerant composition may be selected to enhance efficiency of the refrigerant path with regard to a specific composition of the natural gas process stream. The refrigeration path may be operated at pressures, temperatures and flow rates differing from those of the natural gas process stream. Other methods of liquefying natural gas are described. A natural gas liquefaction plant is also described.

公开(公告)号：US09216401B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-22

申请号：US13188121

申请日：2011-07-21

申请人： Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： B01J19/32 ,  C10G27/04 ,  C10J3/57 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J10/00 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C10G1/08

CPC分类号： B01J19/2415 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/1005 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C10G1/083 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/0913 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1807

摘要： Reactors for carrying out a chemical reaction, as well as related components, systems and methods are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a reactor is provided that includes a furnace and a crucible positioned for heating by the furnace. A downtube is disposed at least partially within the interior crucible along an axis. At least one structure is coupled with the downtube and extends substantially across the cross-sectional area of the interior volume taken in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis. A plurality of holes is formed in the structure enabling fluid flow therethrough. The structure coupled with the downtube may include a lower body portion and an upper body portion coupled with the lower body portion, wherein the plurality of holes is formed in the lower body portion adjacent to, and radially outward from, a periphery of the upper body portion.

摘要翻译： 提供了进行化学反应的反应器，以及相关组件，系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种反应器，其包括炉子和定位用于通过炉子加热的坩埚。 下管至少部分地沿轴线设置在内坩埚内。 至少一个结构与下管耦合并且基本上跨过沿基本上垂直于轴线的方向截取的内部容积的横截面积。 在结构中形成多个孔，使得流体能够流过其中。 与下部管结合的结构可以包括下主体部分和与下主体部分联接的上主体部分，其中多个孔形成在下主体部分中，与上身体的周边相邻并且径向向外 一部分。

公开(公告)号：US09114984B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-25

申请号：US13532540

申请日：2012-06-25

申请人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Joseph D. Smith ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Joseph D. Smith ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： C10G49/00 ,  C10G73/44 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C01B3/34

CPC分类号： C01B3/348 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/1252 ,  C10G49/007 ,  C10G73/44 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J2300/16

摘要： In one embodiment, a system for upgrading a hydrocarbon material may include a black wax upgrade subsystem and a molten salt gasification (MSG) subsystem. The black wax upgrade subsystem and the MSG subsystem may be located within a common pressure boundary, such as within a pressure vessel. Gaseous materials produced by the MSG subsystem may be used in the process carried out within the black wax upgrade subsystem. For example, hydrogen may pass through a gaseous transfer interface to interact with black wax feed material to hydrogenate such material during a cracking process. In one embodiment, the gaseous transfer interface may include one or more openings in a tube or conduit which is carrying the black wax material. A pressure differential may control the flow of hydrogen within the tube or conduit. Related methods are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，用于升级烃材料的系统可以包括黑蜡升级子系统和熔盐气化（MSG）子系统。 黑蜡升级子系统和MSG子系统可以位于公共压力边界内，例如在压力容器内。 由MSG子系统生产的气态材料可用于黑蜡升级子系统内执行的过程。 例如，氢气可以通过气体转移界面以与黑蜡进料相互作用以在裂化过程中氢化这种材料。 在一个实施方案中，气体转移界面可以包括携带黑蜡材料的管或导管中的一个或多个开口。 压力差可以控制管或导管内的氢气流。 还公开了相关方法。

公开(公告)号：US20130340475A1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-26

申请号：US13528246

申请日：2012-06-20

申请人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler

发明人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Michael G. McKellar ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler

IPC分类号： F25J1/02 ,  F25J1/00

CPC分类号： F25J1/0022 ,  F25J1/004 ,  F25J1/0042 ,  F25J1/0045 ,  F25J1/005 ,  F25J1/0052 ,  F25J1/0204 ,  F25J1/0208 ,  F25J1/0212 ,  F25J1/0219 ,  F25J1/025 ,  F25J2205/10 ,  F25J2205/20 ,  F25J2205/84 ,  F25J2210/06 ,  F25J2220/66 ,  F25J2235/60

摘要： A method of liquefying natural gas. The method comprises cooling a gaseous natural gas process stream with a refrigerant flowing in a path isolated from the natural gas process stream. The refrigerant may differ in composition from a composition of the natural gas process stream, and the refrigerant composition may be selected to enhance efficiency of the refrigerant path with regard to a specific composition of the natural gas process stream. The refrigeration path may be operated at pressures, temperatures and flow rates differing from those of the natural gas process stream. Other methods of liquefying natural gas are described. A natural gas liquefaction plant is also described.

摘要翻译： 一种液化天然气的方法。 该方法包括：在与天然气工艺流分离的路径中流动的制冷剂冷却气态天然气工艺物流。 制冷剂的组成可以与天然气工艺流的组成不同，并且可以选择制冷剂组成以提高关于天然气工艺流的具体组成的制冷剂路径的效率。 制冷路径可以在与天然气工艺物流不同的压力，温度和流速下操作。 描述了其他液化天然气的方法。 还描述了天然气液化装置。

公开(公告)号：US20130020236A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-24

申请号：US13188121

申请日：2011-07-21

申请人： Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： C10G1/04 ,  B01L3/00 ,  B01J19/00

CPC分类号： B01J19/2415 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/1005 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C10G1/083 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/0913 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1807

摘要： Reactors for carrying out a chemical reaction, as well as related components, systems and methods are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a reactor is provided that includes a furnace and a crucible positioned for heating by the furnace. A downtube is disposed at least partially within the interior crucible along an axis. At least one structure is coupled with the downtube and extends substantially across the cross-sectional area of the interior volume taken in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis. A plurality of holes is formed in the structure enabling fluid flow therethrough. The structure coupled with the downtube may include a lower body portion and an upper body portion coupled with the lower body portion, wherein the plurality of holes is formed in the lower body portion adjacent to, and radially outward from, a periphery of the upper body portion.

摘要翻译： 提供了进行化学反应的反应器，以及相关组件，系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种反应器，其包括炉子和定位用于通过炉子加热的坩埚。 下管至少部分地沿轴线设置在内坩埚内。 至少一个结构与下管耦合并且基本上跨过沿基本上垂直于轴线的方向截取的内部容积的横截面积。 在结构中形成多个孔，使得流体能够流过其中。 与下部管结合的结构可以包括下主体部分和与下主体部分联接的上主体部分，其中多个孔形成在下主体部分中，与上身体的周边相邻并且径向向外 一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20130020232A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-24

申请号：US13188202

申请日：2011-07-21

申请人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Terry D. Turner ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： C07C27/10 ,  B01L99/00 ,  B01J19/00

CPC分类号： C01B3/348 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/246 ,  B01J2204/002 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  C01B2203/0216

摘要： Reactors for carrying out a chemical reaction, as well as related components, systems and methods are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a reactor is provided that includes a furnace and a crucible positioned for heating by the furnace. The crucible may contain a molten salt bath. A downtube is disposed at least partially within the interior crucible along an axis. The downtube includes a conduit having a first end in communication with a carbon source and an outlet at a second end of the conduit for introducing the carbon material into the crucible. At least one opening is formed in the conduit between the first end and the second end to enable circulation of reaction components contained within the crucible through the conduit. An oxidizing material may be introduced through a bottom portion of the crucible in the form of gas bubbles to react with the other materials.

摘要翻译： 提供了进行化学反应的反应器，以及相关组件，系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种反应器，其包括炉子和定位用于通过炉子加热的坩埚。 坩埚可以包含熔盐浴。 下管至少部分地沿轴线设置在内坩埚内。 下管包括导管，其具有与碳源连通的第一端和用于将碳材料引入坩埚的第二端处的出口。 在第一端和第二端之间的管道中形成至少一个开口，以使得包含在坩埚内的反应部件能够通过导管循环。 氧化材料可以以气泡的形式通过坩埚的底部引入，以与其它材料反应。

公开(公告)号：US07665328B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-23

申请号：US11425088

申请日：2006-06-19

申请人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

发明人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC分类号： F25J1/02 ,  C07C27/06 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B31/18 ,  C01B6/00 ,  C01B6/04

CPC分类号： C01B3/065 ,  C01B6/04 ,  Y02E60/362

摘要： A method for rendering a contaminated biomass inert includes providing a first composition, providing a second composition, reacting the first and second compositions together to form an alkaline hydroxide, providing a contaminated biomass feedstock and reacting the alkaline hydroxide with the contaminated biomass feedstock to render the contaminated biomass feedstock inert and further producing hydrogen gas, and a byproduct that includes the first composition.

摘要翻译： 使污染的生物质惰性的方法包括提供第一组合物，提供第二组合物，将第一和第二组合物一起反应以形成碱性氢氧化物，提供污染的生物质原料，并使碱性氢氧化物与被污染的生物质原料反应， 污染的生物质原料惰性并进一步生产氢气，以及包含第一组合物的副产物。

公开(公告)号：US20110135565A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-09

申请号：US12632058

申请日：2009-12-07

申请人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Lyman Frost

发明人： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Lyman Frost

IPC分类号： C01B3/08 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C25B9/00

CPC分类号： C25C1/02 ,  B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C25B1/10 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25C7/04 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/134

摘要： A method of producing hydrogen from sodium hydroxide and water is disclosed. The method comprises separating sodium from a first aqueous sodium hydroxide stream in a sodium ion separator, feeding the sodium produced in the sodium ion separator to a sodium reactor, reacting the sodium in the sodium reactor with water, and producing a second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream and hydrogen. The method may also comprise reusing the second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream by combining the second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream with the first aqueous sodium hydroxide stream. A system of producing hydrogen is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种从氢氧化钠和水生产氢气的方法。 该方法包括将钠从钠离子分离器中的第一氢氧化钠水溶液流中分离出来，将钠离子分离器中产生的钠进料到钠反应器中，使钠反应器中的钠与水反应，并产生第二氢氧化钠水溶液流 和氢气。 该方法还可以包括通过将第二氢氧化钠水溶液与第一氢氧化钠水溶液流合并来重新使用第二氢氧化钠水溶液流。 还公开了一种生产氢的体系。