公开(公告)号：US5275739A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US870439

申请日：1992-04-16

申请人： David C. Grant ,  Carmine M. Mancuso ,  Herbert A. Burgman

发明人： David C. Grant ,  Carmine M. Mancuso ,  Herbert A. Burgman

IPC分类号： B09C1/02 ,  A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/33 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  A63F7/06 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09C1/08 ,  E02D3/12 ,  E03B3/15 ,  E21B43/28 ,  B01D15/00

CPC分类号： A62D3/33 ,  B09C1/08 ,  E21B43/28 ,  A62D2101/24 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  B09C2101/00

摘要： A method for stabilizing in-situ soluble heavy metal contaminants in carbonate-containing land or submarine formations which comprises introducing into the carbonate-containing formation an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, wherein the solution contains a stabilizing amount of calcium ions. The contaminants and the carbonate form coprecipitates with the calcium ions which are insoluble in formation fluids, therefore substantially inhibiting the remobilization of the heavy metals with groundwater. The method is effective with heavy metals which exist in both anionic and cationic form in carbonate-containing land or submarine formations. The method may be used to treat land formations hundreds of feet below the surface, landfill deposits, or submarine formations to reduce soluble heavy metal contaminants to a few parts per million.

摘要翻译： 一种稳定含碳酸盐土地或潜艇地层中的原位可溶性重金属污染物的方法，其包括向含碳酸盐的地层中引入氯化钙水溶液，其中溶液含有稳定量的钙离子。 污染物和碳酸盐形式与不溶于地层流体的钙离子共沉淀，因此基本上抑制了重金属与地下水的再迁移。 该方法对于含有碳酸盐土地或潜艇地层的阴离子和阳离子形式的重金属都是有效的。 该方法可用于处理地表以下数百英尺的地层，填埋沉积物或潜艇地层，以将可溶性重金属污染物减少至百万分之几。

公开(公告)号：US5266494A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US648674

申请日：1991-01-31

申请人： Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant

发明人： Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant

IPC分类号： B09C1/02 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G21F9/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/24 ,  B09C1/02 ,  Y10T436/25375

摘要： A process for determining the suitability of soil washing for various types of soils, sludges and other solids is disclosed. The process may be applied to relatively small soil samples which have been contaminated in order to determine the suitability and economics for treating the tested soil using a full-scale soil washing process. The process involves the steps of identifying the contaminated particle size ranges contained in the soil sample, identifying an effective extractant for removing the contaminant of interest, and identifying an effective leachate treatment approach for the particular soil sample of interest.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定各种类型的土壤，淤泥和其它固体的土壤清洗适用性的方法。 该方法可以应用于已被污染的相对较小的土壤样品，以便确定使用全面的土壤清洗方法处理被测土壤的适用性和经济性。 该方法包括鉴定土壤样品中含有的污染粒度范围的步骤，鉴定用于去除感兴趣污染物的有效提取剂，以及鉴定所感兴趣的特定土壤样品的有效渗滤液处理方法。

公开(公告)号：US5230167A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US785397

申请日：1991-10-30

申请人： Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant

发明人： Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  B09C1/00 ,  B09C1/06 ,  F26B25/00

CPC分类号： F26B25/006 ,  B09B3/0091 ,  B09C1/06

摘要： The removal of organics and volatile metals from soils using thermal desorption comprises moving contaminated materials, positioned on a belt conveyor, through a chamber under oxygen conditions, temperature conditions, and residence time effective to substantially avoid incineration of the contaminants. The method further comprises heating the contaminated material for volatilizing the contaminants and for producing a processed material that is substantially decontaminated. To carry the volatilized contaminants from the chamber, a transport gas may be passed through the chamber counter-current to the movement of the contaminated material. A gas stream including the volatilized contaminants and the transport gas may be passed through a condenser and through a scrubber for producing a substantially cleaned gas and a contaminated liquid concentrate. The cleaned gas may be recycled back into the chamber as the transport gas or passed through a gas cleaning system prior to discharge into the atmosphere. The liquid concentrate is passed through a water treatment system for producing substantially cleaned water. The water may be passed through an air cooler and recycled back into the quencher or may be passed through a carbon absorption column and recycled as quench water for the processed material.

公开(公告)号：US4778628A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

申请号：US863485

申请日：1986-05-15

申请人： Anuj J. Saha ,  David C. Grant

发明人： Anuj J. Saha ,  David C. Grant

IPC分类号： G21F9/36 ,  G21F9/00 ,  G21F9/34 ,  G21F9/12 ,  B65G5/00 ,  G21F9/08 ,  G21F9/24

CPC分类号： G21F9/34

摘要： Disclosed is an underground waste barrier structure that consists of waste material, a first container formed of activated carbonaceous material enclosing the waste material, a second container formed of zeolite enclosing the first container, and clay covering the second container. The underground waste barrier structure is constructed by forming a recessed area within the earth, lining the recessed area with a layer of clay, lining the clay with a layer of zeolite, lining the zeolite with a layer of activated carbonaceous material, placing the waste material within the lined recessed area, forming a ceiling over the waste material of a layer of activated carbonaceous material, a layer of zeolite, and a layer of clay, the layers in the ceiling cojoining with the respective layers forming the walls of the structure, and finally, covering the ceiling with earth.

公开(公告)号：US5640704A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-17

申请号：US506057

申请日：1995-07-24

申请人： Thomas S. Snyder ,  David C. Grant ,  James T. Hallman ,  Martin Brownstein ,  Dwight Goad ,  Carol Kelly ,  Lori West

发明人： Thomas S. Snyder ,  David C. Grant ,  James T. Hallman ,  Martin Brownstein ,  Dwight Goad ,  Carol Kelly ,  Lori West

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/33 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/43 ,  A62D101/45 ,  C02F11/00 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G21F9/16 ,  G21F9/00

CPC分类号： A62D3/33 ,  C02F11/008 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G21F9/165 ,  A62D2101/24 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  A62D2101/45 ,  C02F2101/006 ,  C04B2111/70 ,  Y02W30/91

摘要： The present invention provides methods and processes for immobilizing and solidifying harmful heavy metal and radioactive species within a waste material. The processes of the present invention are also particularly advantageous for immobilizing and solidifying nitrate compounds with a waste material. One embodiment of the present invention is a method that can be carried out by admixing the waste material with cement and a complexant compound to form a grout admixture. Preferably, the complexant compound is an iron compound that can form a hydrated iron oxide in the presence of an aqueous solution. This grout admixture is then allowed to cure and solidify. The grout admixture is placed within a suitable containment vessel for final storage and disposal.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了在废料中固定和固化有害重金属和放射性物质的方法和方法。 本发明的方法对于用废料固定和固化硝酸盐化合物也是特别有利的。 本发明的一个实施方案是可以通过将废料与水泥和络合剂混合来混合以形成灌浆混合物来进行的方法。 优选地，络合剂化合物是在水溶液存在下可形成水合氧化铁的铁化合物。 然后使该灌浆混合物固化并固化。 将浆料混合物放置在合适的安全壳内，以进行最终的储存和处置。

公开(公告)号：US5640701A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-17

申请号：US997076

申请日：1992-12-29

申请人： David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  Albert J. Dietrich

发明人： David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  Albert J. Dietrich

IPC分类号： B09C1/02 ,  G21F9/28 ,  G21F9/00

CPC分类号： B09C1/02 ,  G21F9/28

摘要： Soil comprising small soil particles, clay and silt particles, humus, fine vegetation, and contaminated with soluble or insoluble radioactive species is treated by first introducing an aqueous extracting solution comprising a mixture of sodium and potassium carbonate (or bicarbonate), or ammonium carbonate (or bicarbonate) into the soil to solubilize and disperse the radioactive species into solution. The extracting solution has a pH greater than or equal to about 7.5. Contaminated fine vegetation then is separated from the soil and extracting solution. Next, an acid like hydrochloric acid is introduced into the soil. The acid is added in an amount sufficient to lower the pH of the extracting solution at which point desirable organic material will substantially precipitate or coagulate from the extracting solution. The cleansed soil particles, including organic matter, is separated from the contaminated extracting solution. Radioactive species are then removed from the extracting solution, which then may be reused.

摘要翻译： 通过首先引入包含碳酸钠和碳酸钾（或碳酸氢钠）或碳酸铵（或碳酸氢钠）的混合物的水提取溶液来处理包含小的土壤颗粒，粘土和粉砂颗粒，腐殖质，细小植被和被可溶性或不溶性放射性物质污染的土壤 或碳酸氢盐）放入土壤中以将放射性物质溶解并分散到溶液中。 提取液的pH值大于或等于约7.5。 污染好的植被然后与土壤和提取液分离。 接下来，将酸如盐酸引入土壤中。 加入的酸的量足以降低萃取溶液的pH值，此时所需的有机物质将从萃取溶液基本上沉淀或凝结。 清洁的土壤颗粒（包括有机物质）与污染的提取溶液分离。 然后从提取溶液中除去放射性物质，然后可以重复使用。

公开(公告)号：US5564105A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-08

申请号：US446154

申请日：1995-05-22

申请人： William M. Alvino ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  William A. Byers ,  Robert D. Burack

发明人： William M. Alvino ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  William A. Byers ,  Robert D. Burack

IPC分类号： C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  G21F9/00

CPC分类号： C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/722 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2101/006

摘要： A borated aqueous solution from a nuclear reactor coolant system dilute chemical-decontamination process or from an equipment washing process which has been contaminated with radioactive metals or heavy metals including cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, manganese, lead or mercury and with a chelating agent, detergent or soap is treated with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the chelating agent, detergent or soap and to precipitate the contaminant metals. The contaminant metals are then separated from the solution by centrifugal filtration, micromembrane belt filtration or magnetic separation. Advantageously, a very small volume of precipitate may then be buried and the decontaminated solution may be recycled or further treated and released for other uses.

摘要翻译： 来自核反应堆冷却剂系统的硼酸化水溶液稀释化学去污过程或已经被放射性金属或重金属（包括钴，镍，铬，铁，锰，铅或汞）和螯合剂污染的设备清洗过程 ，用氧化剂处理洗涤剂或肥皂以氧化螯合剂，洗涤剂或肥皂并沉淀污染金属。 然后通过离心过滤，微膜带过滤或磁分离将污染金属与溶液分离。 有利地，可以埋入非常小体积的沉淀物，并且净化的溶液可以再循环或进一步处理并释放用于其它用途。

公开(公告)号：US5539788A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US958215

申请日：1992-10-08

申请人： Frank H. Ruddy ,  Thomas V. Congedo ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  Joseph L. Gonzalez ,  John G. Seidel ,  John Bartko ,  David F. McLaughlin

发明人： Frank H. Ruddy ,  Thomas V. Congedo ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  Joseph L. Gonzalez ,  John G. Seidel ,  John Bartko ,  David F. McLaughlin

IPC分类号： G01N23/222 ,  G01V5/02 ,  G21G1/06

CPC分类号： G01V5/02 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01N2223/0745 ,  G01N2223/204 ,  G01N2223/601

摘要： A system for determining depth profiles of concentrations of hazardous elements in soils comprises a neutron source for generating neutrons of a first energy level and irradiating a volume of soil with the neutrons. Nuclear reactions are effected within the soil and gamma radiation is emitted from the soil. The system also includes an array of gamma detectors for detecting gamma radiation emitted from the soil; source electronics for controlling the width of regularly repeated pulses of neutrons generated by the neutron source; detector electronics associated with the gamma detectors for amplifying and digitalizing signals generated by the gamma detectors and storing data representing the digitalized signals; spectral analysis software for analyzing the data and determining the concentrations of selected target elements in the soil; and an acquisition interface module (AIM). The AIM controls the timing of the source and detector electronics such that the neutron source generates neutrons in regularly repeated bursts of a prescribed pulse width and the detectors and detector electronics detect gamma rays during a plurality of time intervals associated with the burst and acquire groups of data. Each group is indicative of a number of gamma rays emitted and their energy levels during a corresponding time interval. The system also includes a mobile platform carrying the neutron source, array of gamma ray detectors and software for determining a depth profile of a target element. Trace elements can also be detected with the disclosed system.

摘要翻译： 用于确定土壤中有害元素浓度深度分布的系统包括用于产生第一能级中子并用中子照射一定体积土壤的中子源。 核反应在土壤中进行，γ辐射从土壤中排出。 该系统还包括用于检测从土壤发射的γ辐射的伽马检测器阵列; 源电子器件，用于控制由中子源产生的规则重复的中子脉冲的宽度; 与γ检测器相关联的检测器电子器件，用于放大和数字化由伽马检测器产生的信号并存储表示数字化信号的数据; 光谱分析软件，用于分析数据并确定土壤中选定的目标元素的浓度; 和采集接口模块（AIM）。 AIM控制源和检测器电子设备的定时，使得中子源以规定的脉冲宽度的规则重复脉冲串产生中子，并且检测器和检测器电子装置在与突发相关联的多个时间间隔内检测伽马射线，并获取 数据。 每个组指示在相应的时间间隔期间发射的伽马射线数量及其能量水平。 该系统还包括携带中子源，伽马射线探测器阵列和用于确定目标元件的深度分布的软件的移动平台。 也可以利用所公开的系统检测微量元素。

公开(公告)号：US5414195A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

申请号：US899962

申请日：1992-06-17

申请人： Steven H. Peterson ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward F. Sverdrup ,  Thomas V. Congedo ,  John Bartko ,  Robert E. Witkowski ,  Arthur L. Wolfe ,  William D. Partlow ,  Michael C. Skriba

发明人： Steven H. Peterson ,  Edward J. Lahoda ,  David C. Grant ,  Edward F. Sverdrup ,  Thomas V. Congedo ,  John Bartko ,  Robert E. Witkowski ,  Arthur L. Wolfe ,  William D. Partlow ,  Michael C. Skriba

IPC分类号： G01N21/71 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N23/12 ,  G21F9/00 ,  B07C5/34

CPC分类号： G01N23/12 ,  G01N21/718 ,  G01N21/85 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： The concentrations of residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material in a slurry produced in a particulate material washing process are monitored on-line and can be used to control the washing process. In alternative embodiments of the invention, x-rays, thermal neutrons or laser beams are directed at the slurry as it flows through a flow cell to induce emission of secondary x-rays, gamma rays or light, respectively, characteristic of the heavy metal contaminants and constituents representative of the solids contents of the slurry. These characteristic energies are measured and used to determine the concentration in ppm of the residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material within the slurry.

公开(公告)号：US5361910A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-08

申请号：US67190

申请日：1993-05-26

申请人： Wen-Ching Yang ,  David C. Grant

发明人： Wen-Ching Yang ,  David C. Grant

IPC分类号： B03B5/10 ,  B03B5/24 ,  B09C1/02 ,  B03B5/12

CPC分类号： B09C1/02 ,  B03B5/10 ,  B03B5/24

摘要： The present invention provides an improved design for the hindered settling bed within a mineral jig. The hindered settling bed contains relatively low density materials that can be used in conjunction with high density materials to aid in the separation of particulate materials within the mineral jig. The presence of the relatively low density barrier materials in the settling bed allow for the separation to occur with less channelling of the separated material through the bed area.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了矿物夹具内的受阻沉降床的改进设计。 受阻的沉降床包含相对低密度的材料，其可以与高密度材料结合使用以帮助在矿物夹具内分离颗粒材料。 在沉降床中存在相对低密度的阻隔材料允许分离发生，而分离的材料通过床区域的引导较少。