Abstract:
Process and apparatus to remove colloids and nitrogen compounds from contaminated water by coagulating the colloids and separating them from the water. The solids are floated by sparging and then the floating solids are swept from the surface of the water into an exit port using a conveyor from which downwardly depending flaps skim or near the surface, thus sweeping the floating floc into the exit port.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to methods for converting lower alkanes and alkenes to the corresponding lower alkanols and diols. In the methods of the present invention, a gaseous halogen, preferably bromine, is produced by decomposing a metal halide in a liquid having a melting point below and a boiling point above the decomposition temperature of the metal halide. The preferred liquid is molten, hydrated ferric chloride maintained at a temperature between about 37-280.degree. C. The lower alkane or alkene is halogenated in a gas phase reaction with the produced halogen. The alkyl halide or alkyl dihalide is contacted with a metal hydroxide, preferably an aqueous solution of ferric hydroxide, to regenerate the metal halide and produce the corresponding lower alkanol or diol. The present invention is particularly efficient for converting methane to methanol using ferric bromide to provide the halogen.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to methods for preparing sulfur hexafluoride by reacting sulfur tetrafluoride with oxygen. The sulfur tetrafluoride is prepared by contacting molten sulfur with a metal fluoride to produce sulfur tetrafluoride and a metal sulfide. In a preferred method, the metal fluoride is regenerated from the metal sulfide by reacting the metal sulfide with hydrofluoric acid in the presence of oxygen. The preferred metal fluorides are the fluorides of copper, silver, mercury and mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
An economic, non-polluting vapor-phase system of extracting titanium values from titanium ore or slag comprises solubilizing titanium (in ore or slag) with sulfuric acid to form titanyl sulfate, hydrolyzing the titanyl sulfate to form titanium oxide hydrate, converting the latter to pigment, and recycling sulfuric acid for extracting titanium values from further ore or slag. Methodology and equipment are provided.
Abstract:
Alkene aldehyde sulfoxylates are more effective than their saturated aldehyde sulfoxylate counterparts as systemic pesticides for protecting plants.
Abstract:
Lower monobasic or dibasic alcohols are produced by the following steps:a) reacting a starting material with a metallic halide (wherein the metal is in the higher of two possible valence states) to obtain a reaction product, a corresponding metallous halide (wherein the metal is in the lower of the two possible valence states) and hydrohalic acid, andb) reacting the reaction product of step (a) and hydrohalic acid with magnesium oxide to form the corresponding lower monobasic or dibasic alkanol;wherein the starting material for forming a lower monobasic alcohol is a lower alkane, from which the corresponding lower alkanol is obtained; and the starting material for forming a lower dibasic alcohol is either a lower alkanol or a lower alkene, from which the corresponding lower glycol is obtained. Two continuous fluidized-bed systems are provided for conducting the necessary reactions.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon is converted to a higher-molecular-weight hydrocarbon having greater unsaturation in compact and efficient apparatus, which provides for recirculating materials in a continuous process.
Abstract:
The specification describes an electrolytic cell for the treatment, particularly the purification and sterilization of water, which comprises a closed container with a lower inlet opening and an upper outlet opening for the water and electrodes which are adapted to be connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of a DC source. In the interior of the electrolytic cell free movable particles are located whose density is higher than that of the water to be treated and which are prevented from leaving the electrolytic cell by suitable means adajcent to the inlet and the outlet.
Abstract:
Process and apparatus to remove colloids and nitrogen compounds from contaminated water by coagulating the colloids and separating them from the water. The water is then continuously oxidized with chlorine electrolytically to destroy the nitrogen compounds.
Abstract:
A system and process for treatment of sewage water from a building are disclosed. The system has a source of sewage water located inside or about a building, a sewage treatment apparatus to receive and treat sewage water from the sewage water source, and a storm drain connected to the sewage treatment apparatus—where the storm drain receives treated sewage water from the sewage treatment apparatus. The sewage treatment apparatus of the system has a sparger, an electrolytic cell, and an upper section. The sparger is below the upper section and above the electrolytic cell. The process includes receiving sewage water from a sewage water source, treating sewage water in the sewage treatment apparatus, and directing the treated sewage water to a storm drain.