摘要:
An object of the present invention is to improve an adhesion between the surface of a conductive resin layer and an active material, which are provided to a current collector. Another object of the present invention is to improve a high rate characteristics or electrode lifetime of a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, an electrical double layer capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor and the like which uses the current collector. A current collector prepared by forming a resin layer possessing conductivity on a conductive substrate, is provided. A surface roughness Ra of the resin layer possessing conductivity is 0.1 μm or higher and 1.0 μm or lower. In addition, when a coating thickness of the resin layer possessing conductivity is taken as t [μm] and the average angle of inclination of the resin layer surface is taken as θa [degree], (⅓)t+0.5≦θa≦(⅓)t+10 is met.
摘要:
The communication terminal apparatus measures reception quality and reports the measurement result to the base station apparatus, and the base station apparatus switches the transmission rate based on the reported result of the reception quality. In this way, the transmission rate is switched starting at the point in time at which the reception quality of the communication terminal apparatus deteriorates. Furthermore, the transmission rate is switched so that the amount of interference with others is within the allowable range according to the channel condition between the communication terminal apparatus and base station apparatus.
摘要:
A resin-coated aluminum alloy sheet material for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor case has a superior formability even when being formed into an aluminum electrolytic capacitor case having a large height/diameter ratio, using a volatile press oil.A resin layer contains wax composed of at least one of polyethylene wax and carnauba wax, and has a thickness falling within a range from at least 2 μm to at most 22 μm. A total of lengths of wax particles, defined when the wax particles are cut along a straight line of 100 μm optionally drawn on the surface of the resin layer, is at least 10 μm. A number of the wax particles, featured by a cross-sectional shape having a size of at most 80% of the thickness of the resin layer and of at least 0.1 μm, is from at least 3 to at most 50. A number of the wax particles, featured by a cross-sectional shape featured by a major axis extent having a size of more than 80% of the thickness of the resin layer is less than 10. Although the resin-coated aluminum alloy sheet material is formed into an aluminum electrolytic capacitor case having a large height/diameter ratio, cracks and peelings do not occur in the resin layer.
摘要:
A wafer is placed on a rotatable stage to clean an upper surface of the wafer with a cleaning liquid while the stage and wafer are rotating. A cup-shaped cover is provided over the upper surface of the wafer. A frame portion of the cover is brought into close contact with a circumferential outer edge surface region of the wafer. Therefore, the upper surface of the wafer is cleaned without causing erosion in the circumferential outer edge surface region of the wafer. The shape of the cover is not limited to the cup-shape.
摘要:
A mobile communication system which is capable of, when carrying out mobile communication using a shared channel, increasing in efficiency of transmission timing of the data transmission rate request value to prevent wasteful power consumption and hence reduce power consumption. The mobile station apparatus of the mobile communication system measures CIR of the received signal from the base station apparatus at the CIR measuring section, and decides the data transmission rate request value corresponding to the measured CIR value at the rate request value deciding section. Also, it detects an error of the received signal at the CRC section, and, when no error is found, calculates a difference between the average data transmission rate from the base station apparatus and the data transmission request value at the rate request value transmission controlling section. Then, it transmits the data transmission rate request value to the base station apparatus only when the obtained difference is larger than a threshold value.
摘要:
An assignment section 101 determines communication resource assignment to communication terminals based on a transmission rate at which communication is possible for each subcarrier of each communication terminal, and instructs a buffer section 102 to output forward transmission data. In addition, the assignment section 101 instructs a frame creation section 103 to perform forward transmission data symbolization, and also outputs a signal indicating communication resource assignment to each communication terminal. The buffer section 102 holds forward transmission data, and outputs forward transmission data to the frame creation section 103 in accordance with instructions from the assignment section 101. The frame creation section 103 symbolizes a resource assignment signal and transmission data to create a frame, which it outputs to a spreading section 104.
摘要:
An antenna 20 receives signals orthogonal to each other transmitted from different antennas of a base station, and a despreader 202 and a spreader 203 despread the respective received signals using the same spreading code used in the base station, a demodulator 204 and a demodulator 205 demodulate the despread signals, a reception power measuring section 207 and a reception power measuring section 208 measure reception power from the demodulation results, a reception power combiner 209 combines measured reception power, and a transmission power controller 212 controls transmission power based on combined reception power. This makes it possible to perform open loop transmission power control at high speed and with high accuracy even when a fading variation is small.
摘要:
An allocation section 101 in a base station apparatus of the present invention sets the transmission rate of a transmit signal for a communication terminal apparatus based on a DRC signal transmitted from that communication terminal apparatus. A power margin information detector 117 detects power margin information from a demodulated signal generated by a demodulator 115, and, using that power margin information, a power setting section 118 makes a setting so as to give the minimum transmission power value at which received signal characteristics in each communication terminal apparatus meet the desired quality. Using the set transmission power value, the base station apparatus transmits a transmit signal of the set transmission rate to a communication terminal apparatus. By this means it is possible to suppress interference to a communication terminal apparatus that performs adaptive modulation communication with another base station apparatus and a communication terminal apparatus that performs adaptive modulation communication with the local base station apparatus at the same time.
摘要:
A retransmission request signal creation section (119) outputs an ACK signal or NACK signal to a NACK signal counting section (120) based on the result of error detection by an error detection section (118), the NACK signal counting section (120) counts, for each communication mode, the number of NACK signals output (that is, the number of data retransmissions) before an ACK signal is output from the retransmission request signal creation section (119), and a table rewriting section (121) compares the number of retransmissions counted by the NACK signal counting section (120) with a predetermined threshold value for the number of retransmissions, and rewrites the contents of a communication mode table (102) based on the result of this comparison.
摘要:
A received SIR value measurement section 107 measures a received SIR (desired signal to interference ratio) value. A target SIR value setting section 108 decreases a target SIR value by a predetermined first value if the quality of received data from a demodulation section 106 is better than the desired quality, or increases the target SIR value by a second value greater than the first value if the quality of the received data is poorer than the desired quality. An SIR comparison/information generating section 109 generates transmission power control information for implementing a directive to the transmitting station to increase or decrease transmission power so that a difference between the received SIR value and the set target SIR value is eliminated. By this means, it is possible to prevent delay in updating of the target SIR value and to assure communication quality even in a case where the propagation environment deteriorates rapidly, when target SIR value updating is carried out at the time of transmission power control by means of comparison between the received SIR value and target SIR value.