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    Highly porous ceramic and metal aerogels from xerogel powder precursors, and methods for their production and use
    12.
    发明授权
    Highly porous ceramic and metal aerogels from xerogel powder precursors, and methods for their production and use 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10968140B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-04-06

    申请号：US16842968

    申请日：2020-04-08

    Applicant: The Curators of the University of Missouri

    Inventor： Nicholas Leventis ,  Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis ,  Malik Adnan Saeed ,  Parwani Rewatkar ,  Tahereh Taghvaee

    IPC: C04B38/00 ,  B22F3/11 ,  B22F1/00

    Abstract: The present invention discloses novel methods for producing highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that are hard, sturdy, and resistant to high temperatures. These methods comprise preparing nanoparticulate oxides of metals and/or metalloids via a step of vigorous stirring to prevent gelation, preparing polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions by reacting said nanoparticulate oxides with one or more polyfunctional monomers, compressing said polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions into shaped compacts, and carbothermal conversion of the shaped xerogel compacts via pyrolysis to provide the highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that have the same shapes as their corresponding xerogel compact precursors. Representative of the highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects of the invention are ceramic and/or metal aerogels of Si, Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Au, and the like. Examples include sturdy, shaped, highly porous silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), zirconium carbide (ZrC), hafnium carbide (HfC), chromium carbide (Cr3C2), titanium carbide (TiC), zirconium boride (ZrB2), hafnium boride (HfB2), and metallic aerogels of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), ruthenium (Ru), gold (Au), and the like. Said aerogel monolithic objects have utility in various applications such as, illustratively, in abrasives, in cutting tools, as catalyst support materials such as in reformers and converters, as filters such as for molten metals and hot gasses, in bio-medical tissue engineering such as bone replacement materials, in applications requiring strong lightweight materials such as in automotive and aircraft structural components, in ultra-high temperature ceramics, and the like.

    MULTIFUNCTIONAL POROUS ARAMIDS (AEROGELS), FABRICATION THEREOF, AND CATALYTIC COMPOSITIONS DERIVED THEREFROM
    15.
    发明申请
    MULTIFUNCTIONAL POROUS ARAMIDS (AEROGELS), FABRICATION THEREOF, AND CATALYTIC COMPOSITIONS DERIVED THEREFROM 有权
    多功能多糖（AEROGELS），其制备方法及其衍生的催化组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20160102187A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-04-14

    申请号：US14969650

    申请日：2015-12-15

    Applicant: The Curators of the University of Missouri

    Inventor： Nicholas Leventis ,  Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis ,  Malik Adnan Saeed

    IPC: C08J9/28 ,  C07C45/38 ,  C07C67/10 ,  C07C2/86 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J23/52 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/44 ,  C07C209/36 ,  B01J37/08

    CPC classification number: C08J9/286 ,  B01J13/0091 ,  C01B32/00 ,  C07C2/861 ,  C07C45/38 ,  C07C67/343 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C2527/20 ,  C07C2531/28 ,  C08J2201/0502 ,  C08J2205/024 ,  C08J2205/026 ,  C08J2205/042 ,  C08J2300/202 ,  C08J2377/00 ,  C08J2385/00 ,  C07C69/618 ,  C07C211/46 ,  C07C15/52 ,  C07C47/54

    Abstract: The present disclosure provides a series of new and improved porous polyamide aerogels derived from multifunctional aromatics that combine the high mechanical strength of aramids with the pore structure of aerogels. The polyamide aerogels have a hyperbranched structure, relatively low density, high porosity and may be derived from functionalized monomers having more aromatic groups than functional groups. The present disclosure also provides a new method for producing the porous polyamide aerogels by polymerizing an aromatic multifunctional carboxylic acid or a ferrocene multifunctional carboxylic acid with a polyfunctional aromatic isocyanate at moderate reaction conditions followed by drying with liquid CO2. Also disclosed are various methods of use of these polyamide aerogels in a variety of applications, particularly in the generation of various precious metal catalysts. Thus, monolithic nanoporous carbon-supported Fe, Au, Pt, Pd, Co, Ni, Ru, and Rh catalysts are disclosed herein, which are derived by pyrolysis and transmetalation via galvanic replacement of ferrocene-based polyamide aerogels.

    Abstract translation: 本公开提供了一系列新的和改进的多功能芳烃衍生的多孔聚酰胺气凝胶，其将芳族聚酰胺的高机械强度与气凝胶的孔结构相结合。 聚酰胺气凝胶具有超支化结构，相对低密度，高孔隙率，并且可以衍生自具有比官能团更多的芳族基团的官能化单体。 本公开还提供了一种通过在中等反应条件下将芳族多官能羧酸或二茂铁多官能羧酸与多官能芳族异氰酸酯聚合并随后用液体CO 2干燥来生产多孔聚酰胺气凝胶的新方法。 还公开了这些聚酰胺气凝胶在各种应用中的各种使用方法，特别是在生成各种贵金属催化剂时。 因此，本文公开了单片纳米多孔碳载体的Fe，Au，Pt，Pd，Co，Ni，Ru和Rh催化剂，其通过热解和通过电化学替代二茂铁基聚酰胺气凝胶进行转化而得到。

    Multifunctional porous aramids (aerogels) and fabrication thereof
    17.
    发明授权
    Multifunctional porous aramids (aerogels) and fabrication thereof 有权
    多功能多孔芳族聚酰胺（气凝胶）及其制造

    公开(公告)号：US08877824B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-04

    申请号：US13909574

    申请日：2013-06-04

    Applicant: The Curators of the University of Missouri

    Inventor： Nicholas Leventis ,  Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis ,  Chakkaravarthy Chidambareswarapattar

    IPC: E04B1/88

    CPC classification number: E04B1/88 ,  B01J13/0091

    Abstract: The present disclosure provides a series of new and improved porous polyamide aerogels derived from multifunctional aromatics that combine the high mechanical strength of aramids with the pore structure of aerogels. The polyamide aerogels have a hyperbranched structure, relatively low density, high porosity and are derived from functionalized monomers having more aromatic groups than functional groups. The present disclosure also provides a new method for producing the porous polyamide aerogels by polymerizing an aromatic multifunctional carboxylic acid with an isocyanate at moderate reaction condition followed by drying with liquid CO2.

    Abstract translation: 本公开提供了一系列新的和改进的多功能芳烃衍生的多孔聚酰胺气凝胶，其将芳族聚酰胺的高机械强度与气凝胶的孔结构相结合。 聚酰胺气凝胶具有超支化结构，相对低密度，高孔隙率，并且衍生自具有比官能团更多的芳族基团的官能化单体。 本公开还提供了一种通过在中等反应条件下使芳族多官能羧酸与异氰酸酯聚合并随后用液体CO 2干燥来生产多孔聚酰胺气凝胶的新方法。

    NOVEL HIGHLY POROUS CERAMIC AND METAL AEROGELS FROM XEROGEL POWDER PRECURSORS, AND METHODS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE
    18.
    发明申请
    NOVEL HIGHLY POROUS CERAMIC AND METAL AEROGELS FROM XEROGEL POWDER PRECURSORS, AND METHODS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20200377421A1

    公开(公告)日：2020-12-03

    申请号：US16842968

    申请日：2020-04-08

    Applicant: The Curators of the University of Missouri

    Inventor： Nicholas Leventis ,  Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis ,  Malik Adnan Saeed ,  Parwani Rewatkar ,  Tahereh Taghvaee

    IPC: C04B38/00 ,  B22F3/11 ,  B22F1/00

    Abstract: The present invention discloses novel methods for producing highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that are hard, sturdy, and resistant to high temperatures. These methods comprise preparing nanoparticulate oxides of metals and/or metalloids via a step of vigorous stirring to prevent gelation, preparing polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions by reacting said nanoparticulate oxides with one or more polyfunctional monomers, compressing said polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions into shaped compacts, and carbothermal conversion of the shaped xerogel compacts via pyrolysis to provide the highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that have the same shapes as to their corresponding xerogel compact precursors. Representative of the highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects of the invention are ceramic and/or metal aerogels of Si, Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Au, and the like. Examples include sturdy, shaped, highly porous silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), zirconium carbide (ZrC), hafnium carbide (HfC), chromium carbide (Cr3C2), titanium carbide (TiC), zirconium boride (ZrB2), hafnium boride (HfB2), and metallic aerogels of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), ruthenium (Ru), gold (Au), and the like. Said aerogel monolithic objects have utility in various applications such as, illustratively, in abrasives, in cutting tools, as catalyst support materials such as in reformers and converters, as filters such as for molten metals and hot gasses, in bio-medical tissue engineering such as bone replacement materials, in applications requiring strong lightweight materials such as in automotive and aircraft structural components, in ultra-high temperature ceramics, and the like.

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