Abstract:
A calibration standard comprises a supporting structure (1) of single crystal material with at least one pair of different kinds of structures consisting of a raised line (2) and a trench (3). These structures have the identical width in the range of about 500 nm. The single crystal material preferably is silicon with (110)-orientation. A method of producing the calibration standard comprises the steps: providing two polished wafers of the same single crystal material and with the same crystal orientation, forming an oxide layer on the polished surface of the first wafer, bonding the second wafer to the first oxidized wafer with the polished surfaces of the wafers facing each other, cutting the bonded structure transverse to the polished surfaces, selectively etching both the wafers to a defined depth to expose a portion of the oxide layer, masking the portions of the oxide layer now representing the raised line (2) and selectively etching the oxide layer in the unmasked areas to a defined depth to form the trench (3). The calibration standard overcomes the problem of measuring the diameter of an ultrafine tip for AFM/STM profilometry in the sub-nanometer range.
Abstract:
An ultrafine tip for AFM and STM profilometry of trenches having sidewalls. The tip includes a lateral circumferential edge protrusion to allow profilometry of the sidewalls of a trench located in a semiconductor or insulator substrate.
Abstract:
A process for the continuous conversion of cephalosporin derivatives into glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic acid derivativesA process for the continuous conversion of cephalosporin derivatives into the corresponding glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic acid derivatives in the presence of a catalyst containing D-amino-acid oxidase is described. The product yield can be increased, where appropriate, by addition of hydrogen peroxide.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus is described for a micromechanical sensor for the AFM/STM profilometry, which consist of a cantilever beam with a tip at its end and a mounting block at the opposite end. The method incorporated the steps of coating a wafer substrate; producing a mask for the desired cantilever beam pattern on the top side of the wafer; and a mask on the bottom side of the wafer; planarizing said cantilever beam pattern with photoresist; producing a mask for the desired tip in the area of the cantilever beam pattern producing the desired tip using an etching step, and simultaneously transferring the cantilever beam pattern from the upper to the lower part of the layer; and removing the supporting wafer material by etching through the bottom side mask. A mask for the desired cantilever beam pattern and the tip pattern contains all relevant information for a subsequent substrate etching process is described for etching step by step into a silicon substrate.
Abstract:
The apparatus comprises a plasma deposition chamber having a port through which a fluoro compound etch gas is introduced into the chamber and a port through which the chamber is evacuated, refractory metal cathode configuration within the chamber, an anode within the chamber, and energy impression means for ionizing the etch gas in the chamber, whereby the etch gas reacts with the refractory metal cathode configuration to convert the metal to gaseous refractory metal fluorides which decompose to form a deposited layer on a semiconductor substrate positioned on the anode.
Abstract:
The present invention describes a novel transgenic mouse model for the common sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease. More particularly, the invention relates to a nucleotide sequence encoding Aβ 4-42 in functional linkage with at least a promoter, signal peptide sequence and a polyadenylation signal sequence, a cell and a transgenic non-human animal comprising said nucleotide sequence, and their respective use in screening methods.
Abstract:
In a drive unit having at least one transmission stage (Ü) and one drive element (4) for driving with high power density, having a drive element (4), and element (8), and an output element (14), wherein a translation and transmission of a drive torque occurs between the drive element (4) and the output element (14) via a plurality of radially movable toothed segments (10), the drive element (4) is to be embodied as an electrical drive for the transmission stage (Ü).
Abstract:
The invention relates to binding molecules capable of specifically recognizing soluble oligomers of N-terminal truncated Aβ starting with pyroglutamate (AβρE), pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, and their respective therapeutic uses. Particularly, the invention relates to an antibody molecule capable of specifically recognizing Aβ oligomers, wherein said antibody binds and/or detects an epitope as bound and/or detected by antibody PG3-38 9D5H6 as deposited under DSM AC-C3056. Further, the invention provides a method of inhibiting the formation or the seeding effect of said AβρE oligomers, and a method for identifying agents useful in the treatment and/or prevention of an amyloid-related disorder as well as methods of diagnosing a subject suspected of suffering from a disease associated with amyloidogenesis and/or amyloid plaque formation and to methods of monitoring the efficacy of a treatment of a disease associated with amyloidogenesis and/or amyloid-plaque formation characterized by the presence of Aβ oligomers in a subject.
Abstract:
A method for automatically checking in passengers and their luggage by an electronic input of the passenger data or travel data by the passenger himself into an automatic check-in terminal is provided. In the automatic check-in terminal, possibly following selection of various criteria, the boarding pass and one or more information media for attachment to the luggage are created and output. The information medium created is a luggage tag which is easy to affix to the luggage item and which contains, in machine-readable form, at least all the data and information which are required for a later generation of an internationally standardized, preferably self-adhesive luggage band which is affixed to the luggage item within a conveying and sorting system in addition to the luggage tag.
Abstract:
Gearing (1), in particular single-stage gearing having a transmission ratio of greater than 1 to 10, having an internal gear (2) with an internal toothing (5), a first toothed ring with radially movable first teeth (6) for engaging into the internal toothing (5), a second toothed ring with radially movable second teeth (7) for engaging into the internal toothing (5), an inner shaft (21) on which is fastened a first cam disk (16) for the radial drive of the first teeth (6) and a second cam disk (17) for the radial drive of the second teeth (7), and a load dividing device for dividing a torque transmitted via the toothed rings between the toothed rings.