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    Method For Operating A Nitrogen Oxide Storage Catalyst In A Diesel Engine
    14.
    发明申请
    Method For Operating A Nitrogen Oxide Storage Catalyst In A Diesel Engine 有权
    在柴油发动机中操作氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090297415A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-03

    申请号：US12090936

    申请日：2006-10-19

    申请人： Friedemann Rohr ,  Lutz Marc Ruwisch ,  Markus Koegel ,  Juliane Kluge ,  Ulrich Goebel

    发明人： Friedemann Rohr ,  Lutz Marc Ruwisch ,  Markus Koegel ,  Juliane Kluge ,  Ulrich Goebel

    IPC分类号： B01D53/86

    CPC分类号： F01N3/0871 ,  Y02T10/20

    摘要： A nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter which is operated for a relatively long time at low exhaust-gas temperatures in the range between 120 and 250° C. exhibits a decreasing storage capacity as a result of incomplete regeneration at said temperatures. In order to re-establish the original storage capacity of the catalytic converter which is operated in this way, two-stage regeneration is proposed, wherein the storage catalytic converter is initially partially regenerated at the low exhaust gas temperature by means of a switch from the lean mode to the rich mode, and wherein subsequently, with rich exhaust gas again, the exhaust-gas temperature of the engine is raised into a range of between 300 and 400° C. for complete regeneration.

    摘要翻译： 在120-250℃的低废气温度下操作较长时间的氮氧化物储存催化转化器，由于在所述温度下的不完全再生，表现出降低的储存能力。 为了重新建立以这种方式运行的催化转化器的原始储存能力，提出了两级再生，其中储存催化转化器最初在低废气温度下部分地通过从 稀模式到富模式，并且随后再次具有浓排气，发动机的排气温度升高到300-400℃之间，以完全再生。

    Method for regeneration a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
    16.
    发明授权
    Method for regeneration a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst 有权
    再生氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07832201B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

    申请号：US11722149

    申请日：2005-12-24

    申请人： Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

    发明人： Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

    IPC分类号： F01N3/00

    CPC分类号： F02D41/0275 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  B01D53/96 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0885

    摘要： To remove the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, these engines are equipped with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which has to be regenerated frequently by the engine being briefly switched to rich-burn mode. The regeneration is usually initiated when the nitrogen oxide concentration downstream of the catalyst rises above a permissible value. In this context, there is a risk of the bed temperature of the catalyst during and after regeneration being pushed into a range with incipient thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides on account of the heat which is released during the conversion of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing constituents of the exhaust gas. This can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emission both during the regeneration itself and after the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to divide the rich-burn mode into two rich pulses which follow one another in time, the first rich pulse being of shorter duration than the second rich pulse.

    摘要翻译： 为了从贫燃发动机的排气中除去氮氧化物，这些发动机配备有氮氧化物储存催化剂，其必须经过发动机的短时间切换为富燃烧模式而频繁地再生。 当催化剂下游的氮氧化物浓度高于允许值时，通常开始再生。 在这种情况下，存在在再生期间和之后将催化剂的床温度推到具有氮氧化物的初期热解吸的范围内的风险，这是由于在氮氧化物转化期间释放的热量通过还原 排气成分。 这可以导致在再生期间和发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后氮氧化物排放增加。 为了消除这个问题，提出将富燃烧模式分成时间上相互依赖的两个富脉冲，第一富脉冲的持续时间比第二富脉冲短。

    Method for the reactivation of thermally aged nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters
    18.
    发明授权
    Method for the reactivation of thermally aged nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters 有权
    热老化氮氧化物储存催化转化器再活化方法

    公开(公告)号：US07638452B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

    申请号：US11995590

    申请日：2006-07-15

    申请人： Meike Wittrock ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Christina Maria Casapu ,  Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt ,  Marek Maciejewski ,  Alfons Baiker

    发明人： Meike Wittrock ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Christina Maria Casapu ,  Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt ,  Marek Maciejewski ,  Alfons Baiker

    IPC分类号： B01J38/06 ,  B01J8/02

    CPC分类号： B01J38/06 ,  B01D53/9409 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/63 ,  B01J23/92 ,  B01J23/96 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/0885 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N13/02 ,  F01N2430/08 ,  F01N2550/03 ,  F02B29/0437 ,  F02D41/0055 ,  F02D41/0275 ,  Y02A50/2322 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  B01J2523/25 ,  B01J2523/3712 ,  B01J2523/828

    摘要： Nitrogen oxide storage catalysts are used for removing the nitrogen oxides present in the lean-burn exhaust gas of lean-burn engines. Here, the purifying action is based on the nitrogen oxides being stored in the form of nitrates by the storage material of the storage catalyst during a lean-burn operating phase of the engine and the previously formed nitrates being decomposed in a subsequent rich-burn operating phase of the engine and the nitrogen oxides which are being liberated again being reacted with the reducing exhaust gas constituents over the storage catalyst to form nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water. Storage catalysts are thermally aged by high temperatures. The aging is due to sintering of the catalytically active noble metal components of the catalyst and to formation of compounds of the storage components with the support materials. According to the invention, the formation of compounds of the storage materials can be largely reversed by treatment of the storage material with a gas mixture comprising nitrogen dioxide and/or carbon dioxide and water vapor at temperatures of from 300 to 500° C. The reactivation can be carried out either directly on the vehicle by setting appropriate exhaust gas conditions or during a routine service by removal of the catalyst from the vehicle and treatment with a gas mixture in an appropriate apparatus.

    摘要翻译： 氮氧化物储存催化剂用于除去贫燃发动机的稀燃废气中存在的氮氧化物。 这里，净化作用是基于在发动机的稀薄燃烧操作阶段期间由储存催化剂的储存材料以硝酸盐的形式储存的氮氧化物，并且先前形成的硝酸盐在随后的富燃烧操作中被分解 再次释放的发动机和氮氧化物的相与还原废气成分反应，形成氮气，二氧化碳和水。 储存催化剂通过高温热老化。 老化是由于催化剂的催化活性贵金属组分的烧结以及用载体材料形成储存组分的化合物。 根据本发明，存储材料的化合物的形成可以通过在包含二氧化氮和/或二氧化碳和水蒸汽的气体混合物中在300-500℃的温度下处理储存材料而大大地逆转。再活化 可以直接在车辆上进行，通过设定适当的废气条件或者在例行服务期间通过从车辆中除去催化剂并在合适的装置中用气体混合物进行处理。

    Method for Regenerating Nitrogen Oxide Storage Catalysts
    19.
    发明申请
    Method for Regenerating Nitrogen Oxide Storage Catalysts 有权
    再生氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090145112A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

    申请号：US11995765

    申请日：2006-06-22

    申请人： Ulrich Goebel ,  Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

    发明人： Ulrich Goebel ,  Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

    IPC分类号： F01N9/00

    CPC分类号： B01D53/9495 ,  B01D53/9431 ,  B01D53/96 ,  F01N3/0807 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N3/32 ,  Y02T10/20

    摘要： Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters for purifying the exhaust gas of lean-burn engines are periodically regenerated by switching the engine from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode. After regeneration has taken place, the engine is switched back to lean-burn mode. At this time, rich exhaust gas is still flowing in the exhaust line from the engine to the catalytic converter, which rich exhaust gas is ejected via the catalytic converter into the environment by the following, lean exhaust gas. This leads to brief emissions peaks of the rich exhaust gas constituents and impairs the level of exhaust gas cleaning which can be obtained. In order to solve said problem, it is proposed to create oxidizing conditions by injecting air upstream of the storage catalytic converter, so that the rich exhaust gas constituents still flowing in the exhaust line upstream of the storage catalytic converter can be converted at the storage catalytic converter to form non-harmful products. The proposed method can lead to a considerable improvement in exhaust gas purification in particular in the case of catalytic converters which are already impaired in terms of their storage capacity through aging, and which must be regenerated significantly more frequently than fresh catalytic converters.

    摘要翻译： 通过将发动机从稀燃模式切换到富燃烧模式，周期性地再生用于净化贫燃发动机废气的氧化氮储存催化转化器。 发生再生后，发动机转回稀燃模式。 此时，排气管道中的废气仍然从发动机流向催化转化器，其中，废气通过下列稀释废气通过催化转化器排放到环境中。 这导致了丰富的废气成分的短暂的排放峰值，并损害了可以获得的废气净化水平。 为了解决上述问题，提出了通过在储存催化转化器的上游喷射空气来产生氧化条件，使得能够在储存催化转化器的上游排出的排气管中仍然流动的富排气成分在储存催化剂 转换器形成无害产品。 所提出的方法可以导致废气净化的显着改进，特别是在催化转化器的情况下，其通过老化而在储存容量方面已经受损，并且必须比新鲜催化转化器显着更频繁地再生。

    Voltage divider in thin- or thick-film technology
    20.
    发明授权
    Voltage divider in thin- or thick-film technology 失效
    薄膜或厚膜技术的分压器

    公开(公告)号：US4531111A

    公开(公告)日：1985-07-23

    申请号：US513961

    申请日：1983-07-06

    申请人： Lothar Schmidt ,  Ulrich Goebel

    发明人： Lothar Schmidt ,  Ulrich Goebel

    IPC分类号： H01C7/00 ,  H01C10/00 ,  H01C17/22 ,  H01C17/24 ,  H01C17/242 ,  H01C10/16

    CPC分类号： H01C17/24

    摘要： A calibratable voltage divider made by thin-film or thick-film technology formed by a flat film is an ohmic voltage divider resistor connected to have current flow through it. At least one tap is provided to tap off a desired divider voltage. The ohmic voltage divider resistor includes a single, coherent first resistance zone (10), which has one area for supplying current and another for taking current away, each being connected with a respective connection conductor (11, 12). The tap is made in the form of a second resistance zone (13) connected with the first resistance zone (10) between the current supply, and current drainage areas, and a take-off electrode (14) is attached to the second resistance zone (13). As needed, one or two cuts (16, 17), which intersect the equipotential lines are made to partially separate the second resistance (13) from the resistor (10) zone extended far enough that the potential attains the desired value at the take-off electrode (14) of the tap. The cut is so placed with respect to the coherent resistance zone that its length, or extent, hardly affects the resistance of the coherent zone between the current supply and drainage areas.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE82 / 00209 Sec。 371日期：1983年7月6日 102（e）日期1983年7月6日PCT提交1982年10月28日PCT公布。 公开号WO83 / 01708 日期：1983年5月11日。由平膜薄膜或厚膜技术制成的可校准分压器是连接有电流流过其的欧姆分压电阻器。 提供至少一个分接头来分离所需的分压电压。 欧姆分压器电阻器包括单个相干第一电阻区域（10），其具有用于提供电流的一个区域和用于取消电流的一个区域，每个区域与相应的连接导体（11,12）连接。 水龙头以与电流源和电流引流区域之间的第一电阻区域（10）连接的第二电阻区域（13）的形式制成，并且引出电极（14）附接到第二电阻区域 （13）。 根据需要，使与等电位线相交的一个或两个切口（16,17）将第二电阻（13）与电阻（10）区域部分地分开，该电阻（10）区域延伸得足够远，使得电位在取样位置处达到期望值， 关闭电极（14）。 相对于相干电阻区域的切割是如此放置的，其长度或程度几乎不影响当前供水和排水区域之间的相干区域的阻力。