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11.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110083447A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12675246
申请日：2008-08-27
IPC分类号： F25D3/10
CPC分类号： G01N21/534 , F25D29/001 , G01K11/00
摘要： An apparatus and method for monitoring and/or controlling cryogenic cooling by measuring the opacity of the vapor cloud (113) generated from a cryogenic cooling device (112). The opacity is determined by measuring the reduction in intensity of a light beam (127) passed through the vapor cloud (113). The opacity measurements are used to control an operating parameter of the system, such as the cooling rate of the cryogenic cooling device (112). The opacity measurements may be normalized to compensate for variables, other than temperature of the workpiece (119) and cooling rate, which may affect the opacity of the vapor cloud (113).
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过测量由低温冷却装置（112）产生的蒸汽云（113）的不透明度来监测和/或控制低温冷却的装置和方法。 通过测量通过蒸气云（113）的光束（127）的强度的降低来确定不透明度。 不透明度测量用于控制系统的操作参数，例如低温冷却装置（112）的冷却速率。 不透明度测量可以归一化以补偿除了工件温度（119）和冷却速率之外的变量，这可能影响蒸气云（113）的不透明度。
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公开(公告)号：US09290823B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-22
申请号：US13029289
申请日：2011-02-17
申请人： Zbigniew Zurecki , Ranajit Ghosh , Lisa Ann Mercando , Xiaoyi He , John Lewis Green , David Scott Nelson
发明人： Zbigniew Zurecki , Ranajit Ghosh , Lisa Ann Mercando , Xiaoyi He , John Lewis Green , David Scott Nelson
IPC分类号： C21D6/04 , C21D1/667 , C21D1/76 , C21D9/00 , F27B9/12 , F27B9/20 , F27B9/24 , F27D9/00 , C21D6/00
CPC分类号： C21D1/667 , C21D1/76 , C21D9/0056 , C21D9/0062 , F27B9/12 , F27B9/20 , F27B9/24 , F27D9/00 , F27D2009/0081 , F27D2009/0086
摘要： Described herein are a method, an apparatus, and a system for metal processing that improves one or more properties of a sintered metal part by controlling the process conditions of the cooling zone of a continuous furnace using one or more cryogenic fluids. In one aspect, there is provided a method comprising: providing a furnace wherein the metal part is passed therethough on a conveyor belt and comprises a hot zone and a cooling zone wherein the cooling zone has a first temperature; and introducing a cryogenic fluid into the cooling zone where the cryogenic fluid reduces the temperature of the cooling zone to a second temperature, wherein at least a portion of the cryogenic fluid provides a vapor within the cooling zone and cools the metal parts passing therethrough at an accelerated cooling rate.
摘要翻译： 本文描述了一种用于金属加工的方法，装置和系统，其通过使用一种或多种低温流体控制连续炉的冷却区的工艺条件来改善烧结金属部件的一个或多个特性。 在一个方面，提供了一种方法，包括：提供炉子，其中金属部件在传送带上通过，并且包括热区域和冷却区域，其中冷却区域具有第一温度; 以及将低温流体引入所述冷却区域中，其中所述低温流体将所述冷却区域的温度降低到第二温度，其中所述低温流体的至少一部分在所述冷却区域内提供蒸汽并且冷却通过其中的金属部件， 加速冷却速度。
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公开(公告)号：US20080048047A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-28
申请号：US11846116
申请日：2007-08-28
IPC分类号： B05B7/04
CPC分类号： C23C4/121 , B05B7/1281 , C21D1/667 , C23C4/123 , F17C13/00
摘要： A nozzle and process are set forth for contacting a cryogenic liquid and a gas, and discharging the resulting fluid through the nozzle. In one embodiment, the ratio of the discharged fluid's liquid component to its gaseous component is controlled as a function of the gas pressure.
摘要翻译： 提出了用于接触低温液体和气体的喷嘴和工艺，并且通过喷嘴排出所得到的流体。 在一个实施例中，排出的流体的液体组分与其气体组分的比例被控制为气体压力的函数。
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公开(公告)号：US09109277B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-18
申请号：US13338742
申请日：2011-12-28
摘要： Described herein is a method that can be used for heat treating a metal in at least one of the following processes: carburizing, carbonitriding, nitrocarburizing, and neutral carbon potential annealing operations that are used in a 1 atmosphere pressure furnace and in an atmosphere that is oxygen free and comprises nitrogen and at least one hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译： 本文描述了一种可用于以下方法中的至少一种热处理金属的方法：渗碳，碳氮共渗，氮碳共渗和中和碳势退火操作，其用于1气压升压炉和 无氧并包含氮和至少一种烃。
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公开(公告)号：US5738281A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US848418
申请日：1997-05-08
CPC分类号： B05B15/0431 , B05B7/0861 , B05B7/20 , B05B15/0443
摘要： Use of a shrouding gas to combine with and protect a turbulent gas jet issuing from an orifice enables control of a gas jet stream composition downstream from the orifice. The natural aspiration rate of the gas jet is used to determine the flowrate of shrouding gas which is introduced around the gas jet in a soft gas cushion which does not disrupt the flow pattern of the gas jet but instead is entrained into the jet stream to the exclusion of ambient gases in the atmosphere. Preferably shrouding gas is replaced at least at the rate at which it is entrained. Apparatus for this process uses a porous shroud, preferably of metal foam, through which shrouding gas flows evenly around the gas jet as it issues from a nozzle orifice. Provision for tangential entry of shrouding gas into a manifold which feeds the porous shroud prevents the shrouding gas from impinging upon the porous shroud and causing uneven flow around the gas jet.
摘要翻译： 使用覆盖气体与从孔口发出的湍流气体喷射相结合并保护能够控制气体喷射流组合物从孔口下游。 气体射流的天然吸气速率用于确定在软气体衬垫中围绕气体射流引入的遮蔽气体的流量，其不破坏气体射流的流动模式，而是被夹带到喷射流中 排除大气中的环境气体。 优选地，至少以其被夹带的速率更换遮蔽气体。 用于该方法的装置使用优选为金属泡沫的多孔护罩，当护罩气体从喷嘴口发出时，覆盖气体均匀地流过气体射流。 将护罩气体切入进入到多孔护罩的歧管中的规定防止遮蔽气体撞击多孔护罩并引起气体喷射周围的不均匀流动。
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公开(公告)号：US5662266A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-02
申请号：US368565
申请日：1995-01-04
CPC分类号： B05B15/0431 , B05B7/0861 , B05B7/20 , B05B15/0443
摘要： Use of a shrouding gas to combine with and protect a turbulent gas jet issuing from an orifice enables control of a gas jet stream composition downstream from the orifice. The natural aspiration rate of the gas jet is used to determine the flowrate of shrouding gas which is introduced around the gas jet in a soft gas cushion which does not disrupt the flow pattern of the gas jet but instead is entrained into the jet stream to the exclusion of ambient gases in the atmosphere. Preferably shrouding gas is replaced at least at the rate at which it is entrained. Apparatus for this process uses a porous shroud, preferably of metal foam, through which shrouding gas flows evenly around the gas jet as it issues from a nozzle orifice. Provision for tangential entry of shrouding gas into a manifold which feeds the porous shroud prevents the shrouding gas from impinging upon the porous shroud and causing uneven flow around the gas jet.
摘要翻译： 使用覆盖气体与从孔口发出的湍流气体喷射相结合并保护能够控制气体喷射流组合物从孔口下游。 气体射流的天然吸气速率用于确定在软气体衬垫中围绕气体射流引入的遮蔽气体的流量，其不破坏气体射流的流动模式，而是被夹带到喷射流中 排除大气中的环境气体。 优选地，至少以其被夹带的速率更换遮蔽气体。 用于该方法的装置使用优选为金属泡沫的多孔护罩，当护罩气体从喷嘴口发出时，覆盖气体均匀地流过气体射流。 将护罩气体切入进入到多孔护罩的歧管中的规定防止遮蔽气体撞击多孔护罩并引起气体喷射周围的不均匀流动。
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公开(公告)号：US20130118186A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-16
申请号：US13466404
申请日：2012-05-08
申请人： Zbigniew Zurecki
发明人： Zbigniew Zurecki
IPC分类号： F25D31/00
摘要： A method of quenching a material by injecting a cryogenic fluid into a cooling stream and simultaneously venting gas from the cooling stream, in order to maintain a desired target pressure in a chamber containing the material. In a examplary application of the method, the quenching is a step in the heat-treatment of a metal and the chamber is part of a vacuum furnace. Also disclosed is a method of supplying a cryogenic fluid to a process in which the amount of cryogenic fluid necessary to perform the process is transferred from a storage vessel to a supply vessel via a supply line, after which the supply line is closed. An elevated pressure is maintained by vaporization of a relatively small amount of the cryogenic fluid that is allowed to build in a pressure vessel that is in fluid communication with the supply vessel.
摘要翻译： 一种通过将低温流体注入冷却流中并同时从冷却流排出气体来淬火材料的方法，以便在包含该材料的腔室中保持所需的目标压力。 在该方法的示例性应用中，淬火是金属热处理中的一个步骤，该室是真空炉的一部分。 还公开了一种将低温流体供应到其中执行该过程所需的低温流体的量经由供应管线从储存容器传送到供应容器的过程之后供应管线关闭的方法。 通过相对少量的低温流体的蒸发来维持升高的压力，所述低温流体被允许建立在与供应容器流体连通的压力容器中。
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18.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07637187B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US10488854
申请日：2002-08-29
申请人： Zbigniew Zurecki , Robert Bruce Swan , John Herbert Frey , George Matthew Harriott , Xiaoguang Zhang
发明人： Zbigniew Zurecki , Robert Bruce Swan , John Herbert Frey , George Matthew Harriott , Xiaoguang Zhang
CPC分类号： B23Q11/1053 , B23Q17/09 , B23Q17/24 , F17C2221/014 , F17C2221/016 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2250/0443 , Y10T82/10 , Y10T82/16065 , Y10T407/14
摘要： A cryogenic fluid jet is used in an apparatus and a method for remote cooling of a cutting tool engaged in machining a workpiece under high-energy conditions, such as high-speed machining, hard-turning, cutting of difficult to machine materials, and combinations thereof. The apparatus and method use a stabilized, free-expanding cryogenic fluid jet having a pulse cycle time less than or equal to about 10 seconds. The apparatus and method increase the cleanliness of machined parts and chips and machining productivity of hard but brittle tools, including but not limited to tools which should not be cooled with conventional cooling fluids.
摘要翻译： 一种低温流体射流用于远程冷却在高能量条件下加工工件的切削工具的设备和方法，例如高速加工，硬转弯，难加工材料的切割以及组合 其中。 该装置和方法使用具有小于或等于约10秒的脉冲周期时间的稳定的，自由膨胀的低温流体射流。 该设备和方法提高了加工零件和切屑的清洁度，并且加工了硬但脆性工具的生产率，包括但不限于不应用常规冷却流体冷却的工具。
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19.发明授权Apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials 有权在材料成形和成型过程中改善工作表面的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07513121B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-07
申请号：US10809773
申请日：2004-03-25
CPC分类号： C21D7/04 , B23P25/003 , B23Q11/1061 , C21D1/613 , C21D2261/00 , Y10T82/10
摘要： A method and apparatus for improving the surface finish and/or surface integrity of a workpiece formed or shaped with a tool increase the surface hardness of the workpiece during forming or shaping of the workpiece. A method and apparatus for forming or shaping a workpiece also increase the surface hardness of the workpiece during forming or shaping of the workpiece with a tool, as do a method and apparatus for manufacturing a finished part or product from a workpiece. In some embodiments, an expanding jet of cryogen may be jetted to a surface of a workpiece and a tool from a nozzle, wherein the cryogen is at least partially separated into a condensed phase portion and a vapor portion within a downstream portion of the nozzle.
摘要翻译： 用于改善用工具成形或成形的工件的表面光洁度和/或表面完整性的方法和装置在工件的成型或成形期间增加了工件的表面硬度。 用于形成或成形工件的方法和装置还可以使用工具在成形或成形工件期间增加工件的表面硬度，以及用于从工件制造成品零件或产品的方法和装置。 在一些实施例中，可以将喷射的致冷剂的膨胀射流从喷嘴喷射到工件和工具的表面，其中冷冻剂至少部分地分离成在喷嘴的下游部分内的冷凝相部分和蒸气部分。
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公开(公告)号：US07390240B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US11250587
申请日：2005-10-14
申请人： Ranajit Ghosh , Zbigniew Zurecki
发明人： Ranajit Ghosh , Zbigniew Zurecki
IPC分类号： B24B1/00
CPC分类号： B23P25/003 , B23Q11/1053
摘要： Method of processing a workpiece comprising (a) providing a tool and a workpiece, wherein the workpiece has an initial shape; (b) placing the workpiece and the tool in contact to form an interface, applying force to the tool and/or the workpiece, and moving the tool and/or the workpiece to effect a change in the initial shape of the workpiece; (c) applying a lubricant to any area on a surface of the tool and/or to any area on a surface of the workpiece while the workpiece and the tool are in contact; and (d) applying a cryogenic fluid to any area on the surface of the tool and/or to any area on the surface of the workpiece while the workpiece and the tool are in contact.
摘要翻译： 一种处理工件的方法，包括：（a）提供工具和工件，其中所述工件具有初始形状; （b）将工件和工具接触以形成界面，向工具和/或工件施加力，并移动工具和/或工件以实现工件的初始形状的改变; （c）当工件和工具接触时，将润滑剂施加到工具表面上的任何区域和/或工件表面上的任何区域上; 和（d）当工件和工具接触时，将低温流体施加到工具表面上的任何区域和/或工件表面上的任何区域。
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