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    Method for processing billets from multiphase alloys and the article
    12.
    发明授权
    Method for processing billets from multiphase alloys and the article 失效
    从多相合金和制品加工坯料的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06565683B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

    申请号：US09194798

    申请日：2000-02-14

    Applicant: Farid Zainullaevich Utyashev ,  Oscar Akramovich Kaibyshev ,  Vener Anvarovich Valitov

    Inventor： Farid Zainullaevich Utyashev ,  Oscar Akramovich Kaibyshev ,  Vener Anvarovich Valitov

    IPC: C22F110

    CPC classification number: B21H1/04 ,  B21J1/06 ,  B21J5/00 ,  C21D6/02 ,  C21D8/005 ,  C21D9/0068 ,  C21D2201/02 ,  C21D2221/00 ,  C22F1/10 ,  C22F1/183

    Abstract: The invention relates to plastic working of metals and alloys, predominantly low-plastic and hard-to-work ones, e.g., nickel-, titanium-, and iron-base high-temperature alloys, and producing billets for parts made by plastic working of said billets. The method comprises thermomechanical processing which is performed beginning with the temperature at which a total content of precipitates or an allotropic modification of the matrix exceeds 7%, followed by a stage-by-stage decrease of the working temperature down to the temperature at which a stable fine-grained microstructure of the material is obtained, with ratio between the grain size of various phases differing by not more than 10 times, the billet under processing undergoes deformation with a 1.2 to 3.9 times change in the billet cross-sectional area. When preparing billets from nickel-base alloys a stage-by-stage decrease of the working temperature is carried out so as to provide a maximum 14% gain in the &ggr;-phase at each stage. At the end of each process stage a successive annealing of the billet is performed.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及金属和合金的塑性加工，主要是低塑性和难加工的，例如镍，钛和铁基高温合金，以及生产通过塑性加工制成的零件的坯料 钢坯 该方法包括热机械加工，其开始于沉淀物的总含量或基质的同素分子改性的超过7％的温度，随后将工作温度逐级降低至 获得材料的稳定的细晶粒微观结构，各相的晶粒尺寸比例不超过10倍，加工中的坯料变形，坯料横截面积变化为1.2〜3.9倍。 当从镍基合金制备坯料时，进行逐个阶段的工作温度降低，以便在每个阶段的γ相中提供最大14％的增益。 在每个工艺阶段结束时，进行坯料的连续退火。

    Method of producing superplastic alloys and superplastic alloys produced by the method
    13.
    发明授权
    Method of producing superplastic alloys and superplastic alloys produced by the method 失效
    通过该方法生产超塑性合金和超塑性合金的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06350329B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-02-26

    申请号：US09332736

    申请日：1999-06-14

    Applicant: Lillianne P. Troeger ,  Edgar A. Starke, Jr. ,  Roy Crooks

    Inventor： Lillianne P. Troeger ,  Edgar A. Starke, Jr. ,  Roy Crooks

    IPC: C21D1000

    CPC classification number: C22F1/05 ,  C21D2201/02

    Abstract: A method for producing new superplastic alloys by inducing in an alloy the formation of precipitates having a sufficient size and homogeneous distribution that a sufficiently refined grain structure to produce superplasticity is obtained after subsequent PSN processing. An age-hardenable alloy having at least one dispersoid phase is selected for processing. The alloy is solution heat-treated and cooled to form a supersaturated solid solution. The alloy is plastically deformed sufficiently to form a high-energy defect structure useful for the subsequent heterogeneous nucleation of precipitates. The alloy is then aged, preferably by a multi-stage low and high temperature process, and precipitates are formed at the defect sites. The alloy then is subjected to a PSN process comprising plastically deforming the alloy to provide sufficient strain energy in the alloy to ensure recrystallization, and statically recrystallizing the alloy. A grain structure exhibiting new, fine, equiaxed and uniform grains is produced in the alloy. An exemplary 6xxx alloy of the type capable of being produced by the present invention, and which is useful for aerospace, automotive and other applications, is disclosed and claimed. The process is also suitable for processing any age-hardenable aluminum or other alloy.

    Abstract translation: 通过在合金中诱导具有足够的尺寸和均匀分布的沉淀物的形成来生产新的超塑性合金的方法，在随后的PSN处理之后获得足够精细的晶粒结构以产生超塑性。 选择具有至少一种分散质相的时效硬化合金用于加工。 将该合金进行固溶热处理并冷却以形成过饱和固溶体。 该合金被充分塑性变形以形成可用于随后的析出物异相成核的高能缺陷结构。 然后将合金老化，优选通过多级低温和高温工艺，在缺陷部位形成析出物。 然后对合金进行PSN工艺，其中包括使合金塑性变形以在合金中提供足够的应变能，以确保重结晶，并使合金静态再结晶。 在合金中产生显示出新的，细的，等轴且均匀的晶粒的晶粒结构。 公开并要求保护由本发明生产并且可用于航空航天，汽车和其他应用的类型的示例性6xxx合金。 该工艺也适用于任何可老化的铝或其他合金的加工。

    Method of superplastic extrusion
    14.
    发明授权
    Method of superplastic extrusion 失效
    超塑挤压方法

    公开(公告)号：US5620537A

    公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

    申请号：US431186

    申请日：1995-04-28

    Applicant: Clifford C. Bampton

    Inventor： Clifford C. Bampton

    IPC: B21C23/00 ,  B21C29/00 ,  B21C31/00 ,  C21D8/00 ,  C22F1/04

    CPC classification number: C21D8/00 ,  B21C23/001 ,  B21C23/002 ,  B21J5/002 ,  C21D2201/02 ,  Y10S420/902

    Abstract: A method of superplastic extrusion is provided for fabricating large, complex-shaped, high strength metal alloy components, such as large, thin cross section, closed-box panels or integrally "T-stiffened" aircraft skin panels. Superplastic extrusion is similar to conventional extrusion except that strain rate and temperature are carefully controlled to keep an ultra-fine grain high strength metal alloy within the superplastic regime where deformation occurs through grain boundary sliding. A high strength, heat treatable metal alloy is first processed, such as by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE), to have a uniform, equiaxed, ultra-fine grain size in thick section billet form. Temperature and strain rate are controlled during superplastic extrusion of the ultra-fine grained billet so that the stresses required for metal flow are much lower than those needed in conventional extrusion. The low stresses allow use of more fragile extrusion dies, including multi-hale dies for hollow core extrusions, thereby achieving thinner section details in larger extruded components for a given press loading capacity. After superplastic extrusion, components may be solution treated, stretch straightened, and creep-age formed in an autoclave, as required. The resulting large, compound curvature, thin section, integrally stiffened, high strength metal alloy components retain a uniform, equiaxed, fine grain size, which imparts superior strength, isotropy, ductility, toughness, and corrosion resistance compared with conventional grain sized metal alloys.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种超塑性挤出方法，用于制造大型，复杂形状的高强度金属合金部件，例如大的，薄的横截面，封闭式面板或整体“T加强”的飞机皮肤面板。 超塑性挤出类似于常规挤出，除了仔细控制应变速率和温度以在超塑性体系中保持超细晶粒高强度金属合金，其中通过晶界滑动发生变形。 首先将高强度，可热处理的金属合金，例如通过等通道角挤压（ECAE）加工成具有均匀，等轴，超细晶粒尺寸的粗截面钢坯形式。 在超细晶粒坯料的超塑性挤出过程中控制温度和应变速率，使得金属流动所需的应力远低于常规挤出所需的应力。 低应力允许使用更脆弱的挤出模具，包括用于空心芯挤压件的多层模具，从而在给定的压力装载能力的较大挤压部件中实现更薄的截面细节。 在超塑性挤出之后，根据需要，组分可以在高压釜中进行溶液处理，拉伸拉直和蠕变形成。 所形成的大，复合曲率，薄截面，整体加强的高强度金属合金部件保持均匀的等轴，细晶粒尺寸，与常规晶粒尺寸的金属合金相比具有优异的强度，各向同性，延展性，韧性和耐腐蚀性。

    Method for enhancing superplasticity in composites
    15.
    发明授权
    Method for enhancing superplasticity in composites 失效
    提高复合材料超塑性的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5413649A

    公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

    申请号：US99824

    申请日：1993-07-29

    Applicant: David C. Dunand ,  Cynthia M. Bedell

    Inventor： David C. Dunand ,  Cynthia M. Bedell

    IPC: C21D8/00 ,  C22C1/10 ,  H01F1/03

    CPC classification number: C22C1/1094 ,  C21D8/00 ,  H01F1/03 ,  C21D2201/02 ,  C21D2251/00 ,  Y10S420/902 ,  Y10S72/709

    Abstract: A method for inducing superplasticity in a composite including a non-transforming phase and a transforming phase by cycling the composite material through a phase transformation of the transforming phase while applying an external stress to the composite material is provided as is a method for inducing superplasticity in a titanium/titanium carbide composite. Also provided is a method for forming a part from a composite material including a transforming phase and a non-transforming phase by cycling the composite through a phase transformation of the transforming phase and shaping the composite material by applying an external stress to the composite material while the transforming phase is undergoing a phase transformation to form a finished article.

    Abstract translation: 提供了通过在复合材料施加外部应力的同时使复合材料通过相变而使复合材料包含非变形相和转变相的诱导超塑性的方法，该方法是引入超塑性的方法 钛/碳化钛复合材料。 还提供了一种通过使复合材料通过转化相的相变循环使复合材料通过向复合材料施加外部应力而使复合材料成形而从包含转化相和非转变相的复合材料形成部件的方法，同时 转化阶段正在进行相变以形成成品。

    Ultrahigh carbon steels containing aluminum
    16.
    发明授权
    Ultrahigh carbon steels containing aluminum 失效
    超高碳钢含铝

    公开(公告)号：US4769214A

    公开(公告)日：1988-09-06

    申请号：US777520

    申请日：1985-09-19

    Applicant: Oleg D. Sherby ,  Dong W. Kum ,  Toshimasa Oyama ,  Jeffrey Wadsworth

    Inventor： Oleg D. Sherby ,  Dong W. Kum ,  Toshimasa Oyama ,  Jeffrey Wadsworth

    IPC: C22C38/00 ,  C22C38/06 ,  C22C38/32

    CPC classification number: C21D7/13 ,  C22C38/06 ,  C21D2201/02 ,  C21D2211/003 ,  C21D2211/009

    Abstract: An ultrahigh carbon steel having a composition of carbon in an amount of from about 0.8 weight percent up to the maximum solubility limit of carbon in austenite, aluminum in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, an effective amount of a stabilizing element acting to stabilize iron carbide against graphitization, and the balance iron. Preferably, the aluminum is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 6.4 weight percent and the stabilizing element is chromium. The steel has excellent ductility and is readily hot, warm and cold worked without cracking. It is particularly useful in superplastic forming operations, and may be processed to a suitable microstructure by any technique which reduces its grain size to about 10 microns or less, and preferably to about 1 micron. Such a very fine grain size is readily acheived with the steel, and the aluminum and stabilizing additions act to retain the fine grain size during superplastic processing.

    Abstract translation: 一种超高碳钢，其碳含量为奥氏体中碳的最大溶解度极限为约0.8重量％，铝为约0.5至约10重量％，有效量的稳定元素 用于稳定铁素体与石墨化，平衡铁。 优选地，铝的存在量为约0.5至约6.4重量％，稳定化元素为铬。 钢具有优良的延展性，并且易于热，温和冷加工而不开裂。 它在超塑性成形操作中特别有用，并且可以通过将其晶粒尺寸降低至约10微米或更小，优选至约1微米的任何技术来加工成合适的微结构。 这种非常细的晶粒尺寸很容易与钢一起实现，并且铝和稳定添加剂在超塑性加工过程中起着保持细晶粒度的作用。

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