摘要:
A low-voltage self-regulating heating device (200) for operation with supply voltages in the range of 0.1-12 volts having first and second layers (104, 106) of material, at least one of which is PTC material interposed between a first electrode (102) and a second electrode (108). Also a high-voltage self-regulating heating device (300) for operation with supply voltages above 240 volts having first and second layers (104, 106) of material, at least one of which is PTC material interposed between a first electrode (102) and a second electrode (108).
摘要:
A CVD processing reactor employs a pyrometer to control temperature ramping. The pyrometer is calibrated between wafer processing by using a thermocouple that senses temperature during a steady state portion of a processing operation.
摘要:
An appliance control system is configured to operate an appliance in at least a normal mode and a holiday mode wherein normal mode operation of appliance feature elements is altered to better conform to religious customs, such as Orthodox Jewish customs. In response to user manipulation of a control interface panel, the control system is configured to enter the holiday mode upon user manipulation of the control interface panel with a designated key sequence. When in the holiday mode, response to user manipulation of the control interface panel is delayed for a randomly determined time, and appliance features of the normal mode that violate religious custom are disabled.
摘要:
A safety control circuit for an electric water heater includes a voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit, a load-resistance calculation unit, and a central processing unit. The load-resistance calculation unit calculates load-resistance reference value and dynamic load-resistance values based on voltage value and current value detected by the voltage detection circuit and the current detection circuit, respectively. The central processing unit determines whether there is water supplied to the electric water heater based on the load-resistance reference value and the dynamic load-resistance values sent to the central processing unit by the load-resistance calculation unit. When a difference between the two values is larger than a predefined value, the central processing unit drives a switch to turn off and thereby cut off power supply to the water heater.
摘要:
A thermally controlled circuit board is provided. The circuit board includes a substrate, which carries a thermally controlled circuit. The thermally controlled circuit includes a heater, a logic unit and a thermostat. The heater includes planar resistive elements, which are embedded into the substrate. A power source is selectively coupled to the heater via control of the logic unit. The thermostat is programmed with a temperature set point, and outputs a control signal based on a measured temperature level relative to the temperature set point. The logic unit selectively couples the power source to the heater, based on the control signal output from the thermostat and selectively couples power to on-board components to control the temperature of the board and the components thereon to protect the components and insure reliable operation.
摘要:
A system and method for processing a workpiece in a thermal processing furnace by measuring the temperature of the workpiece in the thermal processing furnace, and based upon an intended temperature profile and the measured temperature of the workpiece, moving the workpiece through the furnace to heat process the workpiece generally according to the intended temperature profile.
摘要:
An improved control for the heater element of a motor vehicle engine exhaust gas oxygen sensor determines the temperature of the heater element and adjusts the heater element current by closed-loop control to minimize deviation of the heater element temperature from a desired heater temperature determined in relation to the desired oxygen sensor temperature. The heater temperature is calculated based on the heater element resistance, and the heater resistance is adaptively adjusted to account for sensor-to-sensor variation. The adaptive adjustment is updated based on a deviation of the measured heater element resistance from an expected value under predetermined calibration conditions at engine start-up.
摘要:
A heater having a shut off device is provided which prevents false over temperature lockouts. The heater comprises a body having walls defining a volume for holding water, a heating element thermally coupled to the body for heating water within the body, and a temperature sensor for sensing temperature of the material. The heater also has a shut off switch for shutting off electric current in the heater when the sensed temperature of the water exceeds a predetermined maximum temperature limit, and a manually actuated reset input for resetting the shut off switch to allow current to be applied to the heater. The heater further includes a controller coupled to the shut off switch and the reset switch, wherein the controller determines the presence of a false over temperature event and overrides the need to manually actuate the reset input.
摘要:
The heater includes a resistance heating element comprising a resistance heating wire having a pair of terminal ends connected to a pair of electrical connectors and encapsulated with a thin electrically insulating polymeric layer. The resistance heating wire is capable of maintaining a fluid initially heated by a primary heat source substantially at the desired use temperature. A first connecting body is configured to couple to the section of piping containing the fluid. The connecting body includes a fluid inlet port, a fluid outlet port, a fluid passageway defined between the fluid inlet and outlet ports, and an electrical connection port. The resistance heating element is disposed at least partially within the fluid passageway and at least a first one of the terminal ends is coupled to a respective one of the pair of electrical connectors through the electrical connection port.
摘要:
A system and method for rapidly preheating the probe of a thermometer to a temperature closer to the temperature of a patient to be measured. The system comprises a probe heater, a probe temperature sensor, a power source, and a processor for controlling the delivery of energy from the power source to the heater. The processor adds an offset to the drive level to the heater which is dependent on the ambient temperature and the power source voltage to achieve more rapid heater response. The processor maintains control over the drive level applied to the heater in accordance with the temperature sensor so that at all times a closed loop system is provided.