Abstract:
A piezoelectric resonator is provided which is capable of acquiring an excellent Q characteristic while letting a film thickness of an upper electrode be larger. The piezoelectric resonator has a lower electrode and an upper electrode with a piezoelectric film being sandwiched between them. By applying a voltage between the lower and upper electrodes to let a bulk acoustic wave propagate through inner portions of the piezoelectric layer, a signal having a specified resonant frequency is obtained. The standing wave has a first wave loop at an interface on a side opposite to the piezoelectric film of the upper electrode and a wave node and a second wave loop in inner portions of the upper electrode directing from the interface toward the piezoelectric film. The film thickness of the upper electrode obtained when a wavelength of a standing wave is defined as “λ” is 0.4 λ to 0.7 λ.
Abstract:
The present invention is to provide a production technology by which an optically active 2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxan-4-yl]acetic acid derivative, which are of value as pharmaceutical intermediates, can be produced from inexpensive and readily available starting materials without using any extraordinary equipment such as an ultra-low-temperature reactor. The present invention is a production process of an optically active 2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxan-4-yl]acetic acid derivative which comprises reacting an enolate, prepared by permitting a base or a 0-valent metal to act on an acetic acid ester derivative with (S)-β-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone at a temperature not lower than −30° C. to give a dihydroxyoxohexanoic acid derivative, treating the same with an acylating agent in the presence of a base to produce a dihydroxyoxohexanoic acid monoacyl derivative, reducing this compound with a microorganism to produce a trihydroxyhexanoic acid monoacyl derivative, treating this compound with an acetal-forming reagent in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an acyloxymethyldioxanylacetic acid derivative, and finally, subjecting this compound to solvolysis in the presence of a base.
Abstract:
An optically active amino acid derivative is produced by N-protecting an optically active 3-haloalanine derivative followed by cyclization, or cyclizing this derivative followed by N-protection to thereby give an optically active N-protected-aziridine-2-carboxylic acid derivative which is protected by a benzenesulfonyl group substituted by nitro at the 2- and/or 4-positions and then treating this product with an organic metal reagent, or by N-protecting an optically active 3-haloalanine derivative to thereby give N-protected-aziridine-2-carboxylic acid which is protected by a benzenesulfonyl group substituted by nitro at the 2- and/or 4-positions and then treating this product with an organic metal reagent. According to this process, natural and unnatural optically active amino acids can be produced from inexpensive materials by using simple procedures.
Abstract:
A compact and wide band surface acoustic wave device for intermediate-frequency is disclosed. A piezoelectric substrate for use in a surface acoustic wave device having high electromechanical coupling factor and low SAW velocity is also disclosed. The surface acoustic wave device is constituted of a piezoelectric substrate 1 and inter-digital electrodes 2, 2 formed on the piezoelectric substrate 1. The piezoelectric substrate 1 has a crystal structure of Ca3Ga2Ge4O14 and is represented by the chemical formula, Ca3TaGa3Si2O14. A cut angle of the piezoelectric substrate 1 cut out of the single crystal and a direction of propagation of surface acoustic waves on the piezoelectric substrate represented in terms of Euler's angles (&phgr;, &thgr;, &psgr;) are found in an area represented by −2.5°≦&phgr;≦2.5°, 30°≦&thgr;≦90°, and −65°≦&psgr;≦65°.
Abstract translation:公开了一种用于中频的紧凑且宽带的声表面波装置。 还公开了一种用于具有高机电耦合系数和低SAW速度的表面声波装置中的压电基片。声表面波装置由压电基片1和形成在压电基片1上的数字间电极2,2构成 压电基板1具有Ca 3 Ga 2 Ge 4 O 14的晶体结构,由化学式Ca 3 Ta Ga 3 Si 2 O 14表示。 从欧姆角(phi,θ,psi)表示的压电基板上切出的压电基板1的切割角和压电基板上的表面声波的传播方向在-2.5° <= phi <= 2.5°,30°<=θ<= 90°,-65°<= psi <= 65°。
Abstract:
A surface acoustic wave device includes a substrate and an inter-digital electrode on a surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate is formed by cutting out of a single crystal represented by a chemical formula, La&agr;Ta&bgr;Ga&ggr;O&dgr;(2.9≦&agr;≦3.1, 0.48≦&bgr;≦0.52, 5.4≦&ggr;≦5.6 and 8≦&dgr;≦14); a cut angle of the substrate cut out of the single crystal and a direction of propagation of surface acoustic waves on the substrate represented in terms of Euler's angles (&phgr;, &thgr;, &psgr;), &phgr;, &thgr; and &psgr; are found in one of a first area represented by −5 degrees≦&phgr;≦−5 degrees, 135 degrees≦&thgr;≦150 degrees and 20 degrees
Abstract:
A web transfer belt is provided having a good paper releasability with good paper releasability and having stable surface features. The web transfer belt includes a high-molecular weight elastic member 2 having a web-receiving face 2b for receiving a web P to transfer, and a surface layer forming member 3 disposed on the high-molecular weight elastic weight member 2. A portion of high-molecular weight elastic weight member 2 is exposed on web-receiving face 2b, with one of the web-receiving face 2b and surface layer forming member 3 being made of a hydrophobic material. In this way, water-repellent portions and water-condensing portions are dispersed on the web-receiving face, with recesses and protrusions at fine scales, which can break a water film formed between web-receiving face 2b and web P, and can be easily formed on the web-receiving face 2b.
Abstract:
A process for producing (2R,3S)-3-amino-4-phenylbutane-1,2-epoxide compounds which comprises treating a (2S,3S)-3-amino-1-halo-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutane compound or a (2S,3S)-3-amino-4-phenylbutane-1,2-epoxide with a carboxylic acid quaternary ammonium salt or a carboxylic acid metal salt a quaternary ammonium salt and a quaternary ammonium salt, to give a (2S,3S)-1-acyloxy-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutane compound, further treating the same with a sulfonic acid halide in the presence of an organic base to give a (2S,3S)-1-acyloxy-3-amino-2-sulfonyloxy-4-phenylbutane compound, furthermore treating said compound with an inorganic base.
Abstract:
There is provided an automatic processing machine which comprises a processing-solution processing section in which a photographic photosensitive material is subjected to development processing, and a drying section for drying the photeosensitive material processed in the processing-solution processing section, particularly, an automatic processing machine in which an upper roller of conveying rollers or squeeze rollers, which are disposed at an upstream side of the drying section, is formed so that a contact angle of a water drop on a peripheral surface thereof is less than 135°, preferably 125°. The upper roller of silicone rubber in the conveying rollers or in the squeeze rollers includes a peripheral surface coated with a gelatin film. By conducting cross-linking using silicon for a long duration at the time of manufacturing silicone rubber, water repellency of the surface (that is, surface tension) is restrained and the contact angle of a water drop is thereby set to be less than 135°. Accordingly, the water drop does not remain spherical on the upper roller and is apt to be made flat. Namely, water is uniformly dispersed over the entire surface region of the upper roller and the formation of spot marks can be prevented.
Abstract:
A panel switch for use in various kinds of electronic appliance comprises (1) a first wiring board having a switch contact formed on an upper surface thereof, a locating hole, and a screw hole, (2) a push button unit made of insulation resin having a frame connecting a movable key button for depressing the switch contact, and disposed on the first wiring board, and (3) a cover for covering the push button unit, having a locating hole and a threaded hole. The push button unit is provided with a locating boss on both of an upper surface and a lower surface of the frame. In assembling the panel switch, the first wiring board and the cover are aligned with respect to each other through the push button unit by inserting the locating bosses on the upper and lower surfaces of the frame into their respective locating holes in the cover and the first wiring board. The panel switch is mounted into an appliance by making a positioning alignment of the panel switch by inserting the locating boss of the frame of the push button unit protruding from the upper surface of the cover into a depression provided in an inner surface of the appliance.
Abstract:
The present invention has its object to provide a process for producing azetidine-2-carboxylic acid and an intermediate thereof, which is efficient and economical and suited for industrial practice.The present invention is related to a process for producing azetidine-2-carboxylic acid of the following formula (5), which comprises subjecting a 4-oxo-2-azetidinecarboxylic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) to hydride reduction to give azetidine-2-methanol of the following formula (2), treating the same with an amino-protecting agent to give N-protected azetidine-2-methanol represented by the following general formula (3), treating this with an oxidizing agent to give N-protected azetidine-2-carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (4) and, further, subjecting the amino-protecting group thereof to elimination.