公开(公告)号：US06937456B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US10269130

申请日：2002-10-10

Applicant: Eliezer Pasternak

Inventor： Eliezer Pasternak

IPC: H03B1/00 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H01G7/00

CPC classification number: H04B1/18 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: A tunable element in the microwave frequency range is described that may include one or more tunable elements that are directly digitally controlled by a digital bus connecting a digital control circuit to each controlled element. In particular, each digital signal is filtered by a digital isolation technique so that the signal reaches the tunable elements with very low noise. The low noise digital signals are then converted to analog control voltages. The direct D/A conversion is accomplished by a special D/A converter which is manufactured as an integral part of a substrate. This D/A converter in accordance with the invention may consist of a resistor ladder or a directly digitally controlled capacitor. The direct digitally controlled capacitor may be a cantilevered type capacitor having multiple separate electrodes or sub-plates representing binary bits that may be used to control the capacitor. A low cost microwave oscillator is disclosed in which some of the filters and oscillators are direct digitally tuned elements.

Abstract translation: 描述了微波频率范围中的可调谐元件，其可以包括由连接数字控制电路到每个受控元件的数字总线直接数字控制的一个或多个可调谐元件。 特别地，每个数字信号被数字隔离技术滤波，使得信号以非常低的噪声到达可调谐元件。 然后将低噪声数字信号转换为模拟控制电压。 直接D / A转换是通过专门的D / A转换器来实现的，该D / A转换器被制造为衬底的一个组成部分。 根据本发明的该D / A转换器可以由电阻梯或直接数字控制的电容器组成。 直接数控电容器可以是具有多个分开的电极或表示可用于控制电容器的二进制位的子板的悬臂式电容器。 公开了一种低成本的微波振荡器，其中一些滤波器和振荡器是直接的数字调谐元件。

公开(公告)号：US06882235B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-19

申请号：US10695180

申请日：2003-10-28

Applicant: Mike Kappes ,  Terje Gloerstad

Inventor： Mike Kappes ,  Terje Gloerstad

IPC: H03B1/00 ,  H03K3/0231 ,  H03L7/00 ,  H03B5/20

CPC classification number: H03L7/00 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03K3/0231

Abstract: An integrated oscillator that may be used as a time clock includes circuitry that oscillates about an RC time constant, which RC time constant is adjustable to provide a desired frequency of oscillation. More specifically, the oscillator includes a capacitor array that has a plurality of capacitors coupled in parallel wherein each capacitor may be selectively included into the RC time constant or selectively excluded there from. Rather than setting the capacitance values to a desired capacitance value, a system for adjusting the time constant includes circuitry for measuring an output frequency and for comparing that to a certified frequency source wherein the time constant is adjusted by adding or removing capacitors from the capacitor array until the frequency of the internal clock matches an expected frequency.

公开(公告)号：US06838947B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10443741

申请日：2003-05-23

Applicant: Ramon A. Gomez

Inventor： Ramon A. Gomez

IPC: H03B1/00 ,  H03B5/12 ,  H03D7/18 ,  H03J5/24 ,  H03L7/00 ,  H03L7/089 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L7/18

CPC classification number: H03L7/00 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1278 ,  H03B2200/0046 ,  H03B2200/0048 ,  H03B2200/005 ,  H03B2201/02 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03D7/165 ,  H03D7/18 ,  H03J5/244 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L7/0898 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L7/107 ,  H03L7/1072 ,  H03L7/18

Abstract: A gain compensator compensates for the gain variation of a varactor-tuned voltage tuned oscillator (VCO) in a phase lock loop (PLL). The VCO includes a parallel LC circuit having multiple fixed capacitors that can be switched-in or switched-out of the LC circuit according to a capacitor control signal to perform band-select tuning of the VCO. The gain compensator compensates for the variable VCO gain by generating a charge pump reference current that is based on the same capacitor control signal that controls the fixed capacitors in the LC circuit. The gain compensator generates the charge pump reference current by replicating a reference scale current using unit current sources. The number of times the reference scale current is replicated is based on the fixed capacitance that is switched-in to the LC circuit and therefore the frequency band of the PLL. The reference scale current is generated based on a PLL control that specifics certain PLL characteristics such as reference frequency, loop bandwidth, and loop damping. Therefore, the reference pump current can be efficiently optimized for changing PLL operating conditions, in addition to compensating for variable VCO gain.

Abstract translation: 增益补偿器补偿锁相环（PLL）中变容二极管调谐电压调谐振荡器（VCO）的增益变化。 VCO包括具有多个固定电容器的并联LC电路，其可以根据电容器控制信号切换或切换出LC电路，以执行VCO的频带选择调谐。 增益补偿器通过产生基于控制LC电路中的固定电容器的相同电容器控制信号的电荷泵参考电流来补偿可变VCO增益。 增益补偿器通过使用单位电流源复制参考刻度电流来产生电荷泵参考电流。 参考比例电流复制的次数是基于切换到LC电路的固定电容，因此是PLL的频带。 参考比例电流是基于特定于参考频率，环路带宽和环路阻尼等特定PLL特性的PLL控制产生的。 因此，除了补偿可变VCO增益之外，参考泵电流可以有效地优化用于改变PLL工作条件。

公开(公告)号：US06759915B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-06

申请号：US09936322

申请日：2002-01-14

Applicant: Terumoto Akatsuka

Inventor： Terumoto Akatsuka

IPC: H03B100

CPC classification number: H03B5/1231 ,  H03B5/1209 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1262 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: A multi-band, voltage-controlled oscillator has a switching device that can be certainly be turned on and off. The oscillator includes a negative source generator coupled to an output of a buffer transistor from which an oscillation frequency of an oscillating transistor is released, a switching device for selectively switching between an output of the negative source generator and a positive power source, and a mode switching device receiving an output frequency switching signal from the outside. An output of the switching device controls an opening and short-circuiting operation of first switching device to selectively release oscillation outputs in a low frequency band and a high frequency band from an output port.

Abstract translation: 多频带压控振荡器具有可以肯定地被接通和断开的开关装置。 振荡器包括耦合到缓冲晶体管的输出端的负源极发生器，其中摆放晶体管的振荡频率被释放，用于有选择地在负电源发生器的输出和正电源之间切换的开关装置和模式 开关装置从外部接收输出频率切换信号。 开关器件的输出控制第一开关器件的断开和短路操作，以选择性地从输出端口释放低频带和高频带中的振荡输出。

公开(公告)号：US06741449B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US09376867

申请日：1999-08-18

Applicant: Eliezer Pasternak

Inventor： Eliezer Pasternak

IPC: H01G4005

CPC classification number: H04B1/18 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: A tunable element in the microwave frequency range is described that may include one or more tunable elements that are directly digitally controlled by a digital bus connecting a digital control circuit to each controlled element. In particular, each digital signal is filtered by a digital isolation technique so that the signal reaches the tunable elements with very low noise. The low noise digital signals are then converted to analog control voltages. The direct D/A conversion is accomplished by a special D/A converter which is manufactured as an integral part of a substrate. This D/A converter in accordance with the invention may consist of a resistor ladder or a directly digitally controlled capacitor. The direct digitally controlled capacitor may be a cantilevered type capacitor having multiple separate electrodes or sub-plates representing binary bits that may be used to control the capacitor. A low cost microwave oscillator is disclosed in which some of the filters and oscillators are direct digitally tuned elements.

Abstract translation: 描述了微波频率范围中的可调谐元件，其可以包括由连接数字控制电路到每个受控元件的数字总线直接数字控制的一个或多个可调谐元件。 特别地，每个数字信号被数字隔离技术滤波，使得信号以非常低的噪声到达可调谐元件。 然后将低噪声数字信号转换为模拟控制电压。 直接D / A转换是通过专门的D / A转换器来实现的，该D / A转换器被制造为衬底的一个组成部分。 根据本发明的该D / A转换器可以由电阻梯或直接数字控制的电容器组成。 直接数控电容器可以是具有多个分开的电极或表示可用于控制电容器的二进制位的子板的悬臂式电容器。 公开了一种低成本的微波振荡器，其中一些滤波器和振荡器是直接的数字调谐元件。

公开(公告)号：US20040085146A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-06

申请号：US10695180

申请日：2003-10-28

Applicant: Broadcom Corporation

Inventor： Mike Kappes ,  Terje Gloerstad

IPC: H03B005/20

CPC classification number: H03L7/00 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03K3/0231

Abstract: An integrated oscillator that may be used as a time clock includes circuitry that oscillates about an RC time constant, which RC time constant is adjustable to provide a desired frequency of oscillation. More specifically, the oscillator includes a capacitor array that has a plurality of capacitors coupled in parallel wherein each capacitor may be selectively included into the RC time constant or selectively excluded there from. Rather than setting the capacitance values to a desired capacitance value, a system for adjusting the time constant includes circuitry for measuring an output frequency and for comparing that to a certified frequency source wherein the time constant is adjusted by adding or removing capacitors from the capacitor array until the frequency of the internal clock matches an expected frequency.

Abstract translation: 可用作时钟的集成振荡器包括围绕RC时间常数振荡的电路，RC时间常数可调，以提供期望的振荡频率。 更具体地说，振荡器包括电容器阵列，其具有并联耦合的多个电容器，其中每个电容器可被选择性地包括在RC时间常数中或者选择性地被包括在其中。 不是将电容值设置为期望的电容值，而是用于调整时间常数的系统包括用于测量输出频率并与经认证的频率源进行比较的电路，其中通过从电容器阵列中增加或去除电容器来调整时间常数 直到内部时钟的频率与预期频率相匹配。

公开(公告)号：US20030227341A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-11

申请号：US10453507

申请日：2003-06-04

Applicant: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

Inventor： Akihiro Sawada

IPC: H03B001/00

CPC classification number: H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: In a voltage-controlled oscillator, a second variable capacitor circuit is provided in a variable capacitor circuit group, in addition to a first variable capacitor circuit having a first variable capacitor whose capacitance varies continuously in accordance with a frequency control signal. The second variable capacitor circuit has several second variable capacitors whose capacitances vary continuously in accordance with the frequency control signal and switching circuits that select the second variable capacitors in accordance with frequency band control signals. The oscillation frequency is changed only with the first variable capacitor in higher oscillation frequency bands. When the oscillation frequency is in lower oscillation frequency bands, the oscillation frequency band is changed also with the second variable capacitors. Accordingly, it is possible to ensure broad oscillation frequency bands, while reducing variations in the VCO gain in the entire oscillation frequency bands to a low level.

Abstract translation: 在压控振荡器中，除了具有第一可变电容器的第一可变电容器电路之外，在可变电容器电路组中设置第二可变电容器电路，该可变电容器电容器的电容根据频率控制信号连续变化。 第二可变电容器电路具有几个第二可变电容器，其电容根据频率控制信号连续变化，并且根据频带控制信号选择第二可变电容器的开关电路。 在较高的振荡频带中，振荡频率仅由第一可变电容器改变。 当振荡频率处于较低的振荡频带时，振荡频带也随第二个可变电容变化。 因此，可以确保宽的振荡频带，同时将整个振荡频带的VCO增益的变化降低到低电平。

公开(公告)号：US20030222726A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-04

申请号：US10443105

申请日：2003-05-22

Applicant: FUJITSU LIMITED

Inventor： Masayuki Yonekawa ,  Takehito Doi

IPC: H03B001/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/193 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1231 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1293 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J2200/10

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator having a wide oscillation frequency band, desirable carrier-noise characteristic, and desirable linearity of the oscillation frequency relative to a control voltage. The voltage controlled oscillator includes an oscillation unit and a control unit. The oscillation unit generates an output signal having an oscillation frequency corresponding to the control voltage in one of a plurality of oscillation frequency bands. The oscillation unit includes a switching unit for selecting one of the plurality of oscillation frequency bands in accordance with a switching signal. The control unit generates the switching signal in accordance with the control voltage.

Abstract translation: 具有宽振荡频带，期望载波噪声特性以及振荡频率相对于控制电压的期望线性度的压控振荡器。 压控振荡器包括振荡单元和控制单元。 振荡单元产生具有与多个振荡频带之一中的控制电压相对应的振荡频率的输出信号。 振荡单元包括用于根据切换信号选择多个振荡频带中的一个的切换单元。 控制单元根据控制电压生成开关信号。

公开(公告)号：US20030206065A1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-06

申请号：US10443741

申请日：2003-05-23

Applicant: Broadcom Corporation

Inventor： Ramon A. Gomez

IPC: H03L007/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/00 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1278 ,  H03B2200/0046 ,  H03B2200/0048 ,  H03B2200/005 ,  H03B2201/02 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03D7/165 ,  H03D7/18 ,  H03J5/244 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L7/0898 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L7/107 ,  H03L7/1072 ,  H03L7/18

Abstract: A gain compensator compensates for the gain variation of a varactor-tuned voltage tuned oscillator (VCO) in a phase lock loop (PLL). The VCO includes a parallel LC circuit having multiple fixed capacitors that can be switched-in or switched-out of the LC circuit according to a capacitor control signal to perform band-select tuning of the VCO. The gain compensator compensates for the variable VCO gain by generating a charge pump reference current that is based on the same capacitor control signal that controls the fixed capacitors in the LC circuit. The gain compensator generates the charge pump reference current by replicating a reference scale current using unit current sources. The number of times the reference scale current is replicated is based on the fixed capacitance that is switched-in to the LC circuit and therefore the frequency band of the PLL. The reference scale current is generated based on a PLL control that specifics certain PLL characteristics such as reference frequency, loop bandwidth, and loop damping. Therefore, the reference pump current can be efficiently optimized for changing PLL operating conditions, in addition to compensating for variable VCO gain.

公开(公告)号：US20030050028A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-13

申请号：US10269593

申请日：2002-10-10

Applicant: BridgeWave Communications, Inc.

Inventor： Eliezer Pasternak

IPC: H04B001/18 ,  H04B001/06 ,  H04B007/00

CPC classification number: H04B1/18 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: A tunable element in the microwave frequency range is described that may include one or more tunable elements that are directly digitally controlled by a digital bus connecting a digital control circuit to each controlled element. In particular, each digital signal is filtered by a digital isolation technique so that the signal reaches the tunable elements with very low noise. The low noise digital signals are then converted to analog control voltages. The direct D/A conversion is accomplished by a special D/A converter which is manufactured as an integral part of a substrate. This D/A converter in accordance with the invention may consist of a resistor ladder or a directly digitally controlled capacitor. The direct digitally controlled capacitor may be a cantilevered type capacitor having multiple separate electrodes or sub-plates representing binary bits that may be used to control the capacitor. A low cost microwave oscillator is disclosed in which some of the filters and oscillators are direct digitally tuned elements.