公开(公告)号：US4219704A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-26

申请号：US871132

申请日：1978-01-20

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11B7/0033 ,  G11B7/085 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B7/24 ,  G11B27/10 ,  H04N5/76 ,  G11B7/00 ,  G11B21/04

CPC classification number: H04N5/76 ,  G11B27/102 ,  G11B7/0033 ,  G11B7/085 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B7/1362 ,  G11B7/24

Abstract: Multi-layered optical data records and playback apparatus are described in which a plurality of optical data layers are provided on at least one side of a record substrate and the playback apparatus scans data tracks on such layers with a light beam to produce an electrical readout signal corresponding to the data in the scanned tracks. The playback apparatus includes selection means for selectively playing back data tracks on different ones of the data layers. The data track may be formed by lines of data spots of binary coded digital information or such spots may be frequency modulated or pulse length modulated analog information which are photographically recorded at extremely high data density so that they may be used to record audio or video signals including television signals. While the optical data records may be light transparent, they are preferably light reflective so that the playback light source and associated focusing and scanning means may be supported on the same side of the record as the light detector to provide a more compact playback apparatus. This also enables at least some of the same optical elements to be used for transmitting the reflected light beam to the detector that are used for transmitting the playback light beam from the light source to the record. Selection of one data track for playback may be accomplished by changing the focus of the light beam from one data layer to another, or by making the data tracks of optically different materials, such as using different color dyes or different photoluminescent materials, and selectively positioning corresponding color filters in front of the light detectors.

Abstract translation: 描述了多层光学数据记录和重放装置，其中在记录基板的至少一侧设置多个光学数据层，并且重放装置用光束扫描这些层上的数据轨道以产生电子读出信号 对应于扫描轨道中的数据。 播放装置包括选择装置，用于选择性地在不同的数据层上重放数据轨道。 数据轨道可以由二进制编码数字信息的数据点线形成，或者这些点可以是频率调制的或脉冲长度调制的模拟信息，其以非常高的数据密度照相记录，以便它们可以用于记录音频或视频信号 包括电视信号。 虽然光学数据记录可以是光透明的，但是它们优选地是光反射的，使得重放光源和相关联的聚焦和扫描装置可以被支持在与光检测器相同的记录侧，以提供更紧凑的重放装置。 这还使得能够使用至少一些相同的光学元件来将反射光束传输到用于将重放光束从光源传输到记录的检测器。 可以通过将光束从一个数据层的焦点改变到另一个数据层，或者通过使光学上不同的材料的数据轨迹，例如使用不同的彩色染料或不同的光致发光材料，并且选择性地定位 相应的滤光片前面的光检测器。

公开(公告)号：US4090031A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-16

申请号：US727369

申请日：1976-09-27

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11B7/0033 ,  G11B7/085 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B7/24 ,  G11B27/10 ,  H04N5/76 ,  G11C13/04

CPC classification number: H04N5/76 ,  G11B27/102 ,  G11B7/0033 ,  G11B7/085 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B7/1362 ,  G11B7/24

Abstract: Multi-layered optical data records and playback apparatus are described in which a plurality of optical data layers are provided on at least one side of a record substrate and the playback apparatus scans data tracks on such layers with a light beam to produce an electrical readout signal corresponding to the data in the scanned tracks. The playback apparatus includes selection means for selectively playing back data tracks on different ones of the data layers. The data track may be formed by lines of data spots of binary coded digital information or such spots may be frequency modulated or pulse length modulated analog information which are photographically recorded at extremely high data density so that they may be used to record audio or video signals including television signals. While the optical data records may be light transparent, they are preferably light reflective so that the playback light source and associated focusing and scanning means may be supported on the same side of the record as the light detector to provide a more compact playback apparatus. This also enables at least some of the same optical elements to be used for transmitting the reflected light beam to the detector that are used for transmitting the playback light beam from the light source to the record. Selection of one data track for playback may be accomplished by changing the focus of the light beam from one data layer to another, or by making the data tracks of optically different materials, such as using different color dyes or different photoluminescent materials, and selectively positioning corresponding color filters in front of the light detectors.

Abstract translation: 描述了多层光学数据记录和重放装置，其中在记录基板的至少一侧设置多个光学数据层，并且重放装置用光束扫描这些层上的数据轨道以产生电子读出信号 对应于扫描轨道中的数据。 播放装置包括选择装置，用于选择性地在不同的数据层上重放数据轨道。 数据轨道可以由二进制编码数字信息的数据点线形成，或者这些点可以是频率调制的或脉冲长度调制的模拟信息，其以非常高的数据密度照相记录，以便它们可以用于记录音频或视频信号 包括电视信号。 虽然光学数据记录可以是光透明的，但是它们优选地是光反射的，使得重放光源和相关联的聚焦和扫描装置可以被支持在与光检测器相同的记录侧，以提供更紧凑的重放装置。 这还使得能够使用至少一些相同的光学元件来将反射光束传输到用于将重放光束从光源传输到记录的检测器。 可以通过将光束从一个数据层的焦点改变到另一个数据层，或者通过使光学上不同的材料的数据轨迹，例如使用不同的彩色染料或不同的光致发光材料，并且选择性地定位 相应的滤光片前面的光检测器。

公开(公告)号：US10086163B2

公开(公告)日：2018-10-02

申请号：US12472045

申请日：2009-05-26

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01N33/48 ,  G01N33/50 ,  A61M16/08 ,  G01F1/38 ,  G01F1/40 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01B9/02 ,  A61M16/00 ,  A61M16/10

Abstract: An airway adapter includes a housing and a pressure transducer. The housing includes a flow path having a first end and a second end, a first pressure port that communicates with the flow path, and a second pressure port that communicates with the flow path. The first pressure port is spaced apart from the second pressure port. The flow restriction is disposed in the flow path between the first and second pressure ports that creates a pressure differential therebetween. The pressure transducer generates a signal that reflects the differential pressure created by the flow restriction between the first and second pressure ports, wherein the pressure transducer includes an optical interferometer.

公开(公告)号：US09201002B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-01

申请号：US13519027

申请日：2010-12-27

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/083 ,  G01N21/3504

CPC classification number: G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  G01N21/3504

Abstract: Gas within a ventilation circuit (12) is analyzed by a spectrometer included in gas measurement module (16) that is inserted into the respiratory circuit. The gas measurement module includes an infrared source and a movable filter member comprising at least two filter elements. The optical path length of the spectrometer is reduced. This includes removing optical components configured to collimate or focus electromagnetic radiation within the spectrometer. However, path length of the spectrometer is reduced to the point that other enhancements associated with path length reduction outweigh losses to precision and/or accuracy caused by beam expansion in the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 通气回路（12）内的气体由插入呼吸回路中的气体测量模块（16）中的光谱仪分析。 气体测量模块包括红外源和包括至少两个过滤元件的可移动过滤器构件。 光谱仪的光程长度减小。 这包括去除被配置为准直或聚焦光谱仪内的电磁辐射的光学部件。 然而，光谱仪的路径长度减小到与路径长度减小相关的其他增强值超过光谱仪中的光束扩展引起的精度和/或精度的损失。

公开(公告)号：US08477311B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-02

申请号：US13128799

申请日：2009-11-02

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/1226 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/317

Abstract: A filter wheel and a spectrometer including the filter wheel are disclosed. The filter wheel has a first support structure on which a first plurality of filters are mounted and a second support structure on which at least one filter is provided. A radiation source generates a radiation beam, and a beam splitter splits the radiation beam into a first detection path and a second detection path. The first plurality of filters are selectively movable into the first detection path. The at least one filter on the second support structure is arranged to be disposed in the second detection path. The spectrometer includes a first radiation detector that detects radiation that passes through the selected filter in the first detection path, and a second radiation detector that detects radiation passing through the filter in the second detection path.

公开(公告)号：US07705313B1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-27

申请号：US11582251

申请日：2006-10-17

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/3137 ,  G01N2021/3166

Abstract: An optical sensor is configured to determine an amount of at least one material in a sample without interference from any of the material of interest present in an ambient environment in which the optical sensing is effected. The optical sensor may include a compensation detector positioned a different distance apart from a source of monitoring radiation than the distance that a primary, measurement detector is positioned from the source. Alternatively, the optical sensor may include an optically transparent material that consumes space within the sensor and, thus, eliminates ambient amounts of a material of interest from at least a portion of an optical pathway through the sensor. A calibration element transmits calibration radiation to one or more detectors of an optical sensor to facilitate correction of any changes in the manner in which the one or more detectors sense radiation. Optical sensing methods are also disclosed, as are calibration methods.

Abstract translation: 光学传感器被配置为确定样本中的至少一种材料的量，而不受来自在其中进行光学感测的周围环境中存在的任何感兴趣的材料的干扰。 该光学传感器可以包括一个补偿检测器，该补偿检测器定位在远离监测辐射源的不同距离上，而不是主要的测量检测器从源头定位的距离。 或者，光学传感器可以包括光学透明材料，其消耗传感器内的空间，并且因此从通过传感器的光学路径的至少一部分消除感兴趣的材料的环境量。 校准元件将校准辐射传递到光学传感器的一个或多个检测器，以便于校正一个或多个检测器感测辐射的方式中的任何变化。 还公开了光学感测方法，以及校准方法。

公开(公告)号：US07501630B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-10

申请号：US11368832

申请日：2006-03-06

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01J5/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/0803 ,  A61B5/0833 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/097 ,  A61B2562/0233 ,  A61B2562/166 ,  A61B2562/185 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/004 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/7786

Abstract: A gas measurement system of this invention includes a housing adapted to be mounted on an airway adapter, and a luminescence quenching gas measurement assembly disposed in the housing. The luminescence quenching gas measurement assembly includes a source disposed in a first plane, and at least one detector also disposed in the first plane.

Abstract translation: 本发明的气体测量系统包括适于安装在气道适配器上的壳体和设置在壳体中的发光淬火气体测量组件。 发光淬火气体测量组件包括设置在第一平面中的源和至少一个检测器，其还设置在第一平面中。

公开(公告)号：US20070273887A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-29

申请号：US11805074

申请日：2007-05-22

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: A61M16/08 ,  A61M16/0858 ,  A61M16/0866 ,  A61M2016/0027 ,  A61M2016/0036 ,  A61M2016/102 ,  G01B9/02023 ,  G01B2290/25 ,  G01F1/38 ,  G01F1/383 ,  G01F1/40 ,  G01L9/0077

Abstract: An airway adapter that comprises a housing and a pressure transducer. The housing comprises a flow path having a first end and a second end, a first pressure port that communicates with the flow path, and a second pressure port that communicates with the flow path. The first pressure port is spaced apart from the second pressure port. The flow restriction is disposed in the flow path between the first and second pressure ports that creates a pressure differential therebetween. The pressure transducer generates a signal that reflects the differential pressure created by the flow restriction between the first and second pressure ports, wherein the pressure transducer comprises an optical interferometer.

Abstract translation: 一种气道适配器，包括壳体和压力传感器。 壳体包括具有第一端和第二端的流路，与流路连通的第一压力端口和与流路连通的第二压力口。 第一压力口与第二压力口隔开。 流量限制设置在第一和第二压力端口之间的流动路径中，在它们之间产生压力差。 压力传感器产生反映由第一和第二压力端口之间的流动限制产生的压差的信号，其中压力传感器包括光学干涉仪。

公开(公告)号：US5926411A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-20

申请号：US920847

申请日：1997-08-29

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11C11/42 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/00

CPC classification number: G11C7/005 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041

Abstract: An optical memory (10) is disclosed in which data is stored in an optical data layer (19) capable of selectively altering light such as by changeable transmissivity, reflectivity, polarization, and/or phase. The data is illuminated by controllable light sources (15) and an array of multi-surface imaging lenslets (21) project the image onto a common array of light sensors (27). Data is organized into a plurality of regions or patches (called pages) and by selective illumination of each data page, one of the lenslets (21) images the selected data page onto the light sensors (27). Light in the data image pattern strikes different ones of the arrayed light sensors (27), thereby outputting a pattern of binary bits in the form of electrical data signals. By selectively and sequentially illuminating different ones of the data regions (pages) on the data layer (19), correspondingly different data patterns are imaged by the corresponding lenslets (21) onto the common sensor array (27), thereby enabling many stored data pages to be retrieved by multiplexing at electro-optical speed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光学存储器（10），其中数据存储在能够通过可变的透射率，反射率，极化和/或相位选择性地改变光的光学数据层（19）中。 数据由可控光源（15）照明，并且多表面成像小透镜（21）的阵列将图像投影到共同的光传感器阵列（27）上。 数据被组织成多个区域或贴片（称为页面），并且通过选择性地照射每个数据页，其中一个小透镜（21）将选择的数据页映像到光传感器（27）上。 数据图像图案中的光照射阵列光传感器（27）中的不同的，从而以电数据信号的形式输出二进制位的图形。 通过选择性地和顺序地照射数据层（19）上的不同数据区域（页），相应的不同数据图案被相应的小透镜（21）成像到公共传感器阵列（27）上，从而使许多存储的数据页 以电光速度进行多路复用。

公开(公告)号：US5379266A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-03

申请号：US815924

申请日：1991-12-30

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11C11/42 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04

CPC classification number: G11C7/005 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041

Abstract: An optical memory is disclosed in which data is stored in an optical data layer capable of selectively altering light such as by changeable transmissivity, reflectivity, polarization, and/or phase. The data is illuminated by controllable light sources and an array of multi-surface imaging lenslets project the image onto a common array of light sensors. Data is organized into a plurality of regions or patches (called pages) and by selective illumination of each data page, one of the lenslets images the selected data page onto the light sensors. Light in the data image pattern strikes different ones of the arrayed light sensors, thereby outputting a pattern of binary bits in the form of electrical data signals. By selectively and sequentially illuminating different ones of the data regions (pages) on the data layer, correspondingly different data patterns are imaged by the corresponding lenslets onto the common sensor array, thereby enabling many stored data pages to be retrieved by multiplexing at electro-optical speed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光存储器，其中数据存储在能够选择性地改变光的光学数据层中，例如通过可变的透射率，反射率，极化和/或相位。 数据由可控光源照明，并且多表面成像小透镜的阵列将图像投影到共同的光传感器阵列上。 数据被组织成多个区域或贴片（称为页面），并且通过选择性地照射每个数据页面，其中一个小透镜将选择的数据页面图像到光传感器上。 数据图像图案中的光照射阵列光传感器中的不同的，从而以电数据信号的形式输出二进制位的图形。 通过选择性地并且顺序地照射数据层上的不同数据区域（页面），相应的不同数据模式被相应的小透镜成像到公共传感器阵列上，从而使许多存储的数据页可以通过电光复用 速度。