Abstract:
A back-bias level sensor used for a semiconductor device wherein a sensing current for sensing a back-bias voltage is prevented from directly flowing into the substrate (or the back-bias voltage terminal). The gate of a PMOS transistor is provided with the back-bias voltage while the source is provided with a ground voltage, so that a pump circuit performs the pumping operation to increase the back-bias voltage when the back-bias voltage is lower than a predetermined voltage level; otherwise, the pump circuit is de-energized, thereby reducing the back-bias voltage.
Abstract:
An operating method and an apparatus according to data duplicate retransmission in a mobile communication system are provided. A method of a User Equipment (UE) according to data duplicate retransmission in a mobile communication system includes storing a Media Access Control Protocol Data Unit (MAC PDU) received from an Evolved Node B (ENB) in a soft buffer, decoding the MAC PDU, determining whether the decoding is a first successful decoding of data of the corresponding soft buffer, and determining whether to forward the decoded MAC PDU to an upper layer according to the determination result.
Abstract:
Provided are an EMF model synchronization method and system. The system calculates a weight based on a hierarchy for an object identifier in a changed model, when the change of the model occurs in an EMF model which has an XML element path as an attribute. The system accumulates the calculated weight to a sum of weights. When the sum of weights becomes greater than the threshold value, the system simultaneously updates all models which are changed until the sum of weights becomes greater than the threshold value, thereby synchronizing change contents. As a hierarchy of an identifier changed on an XML path becomes higher, the weight is determined to have a larger value.
Abstract:
A target memory cell of a memory device is programmed by applying a programming voltage to a word line that includes the target memory cell, determining whether the target memory cell is programmed, and increasing the programming voltage by a step voltage if it is determined that the target memory cell is not programmed. An initial programming voltage and the step voltage are each selectable after fabrication of the memory device.
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to receive an external read command at a control circuit coupled to a memory array. Individual wordline activation may be delayed according to a delay period determined by a read level voltage magnitude associated with a plurality of memory cells included in the array.
Abstract:
A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises applying a gradually increasing program voltage to a memory cell, determining the number of verify voltages to be applied to the memory cell during a program loop based on the change of a threshold voltage from an initial state of the memory cell to a target state, and applying at least one of the determined verify voltages to the memory cell to verify whether the memory cell is programmed to the target state.
Abstract:
The present disclosure includes methods, devices, modules, and systems for operating memory cells. One method embodiment includes applying sensing voltages to selected access lines for sensing selected memory cells. The method also includes applying a dynamic pass voltage to unselected access lines while the sensing voltages are applied.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus are disclosed, such as those involving a flash memory device. One such method includes storing data on memory cells on a memory block including a plurality of word lines and a plurality of memory cells on the word lines. The word lines comprising one or more bottom edge word lines, one or more top edge word lines, and intermediate word lines between the bottom and top edge word lines. The data is stored first on memory cells on the intermediate word lines. Then, a remaining portion, if any, of the data is stored on memory cells on the bottom edge word lines and/or the top edge word lines. This method enhances the life of the flash memory by preventing a premature failure of memory cells on the bottom or top edge word lines, which can be more prone to failure.
Abstract:
Provided is a method in which a difference between a surface temperature of a susceptor and a surface temperature of a substrate is accurately grasped without using a complicated high-priced equipment. A temperature control method for a chemical vapor deposition apparatus includes detecting a rotation state of a susceptor on which a substrate is accumulated on a top surface thereof, measuring a temperature of the top surface of the susceptor, calculating a temperature distribution of the top surface of the susceptor, based on the detected rotation state and the measured temperature, and controlling the temperature of the top surface of the susceptor, based on the calculated temperature distribution.
Abstract:
A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises applying a gradually increasing program voltage to a memory cell, determining the number of verify voltages to be applied to the memory cell during a program loop based on the change of a threshold voltage from an initial state of the memory cell to a target state, and applying at least one of the determined verify voltages to the memory cell to verify whether the memory cell is programmed to the target state.