公开(公告)号：US20240264247A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-08

申请号：US18430936

申请日：2024-02-02

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Hayward Melton ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/028 ,  A61B5/06 ,  G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/0286 ,  A61B5/062 ,  G01R33/0206

Abstract: A three-dimensional on-chip magnetic sensor includes first, second, and third coils. The first and second coils include respective planar spirals formed by metal layers and metal vias. Each planar spiral of the first coil includes first interconnected loops wound about a first axis, where neighboring first planar spirals are electrically connected to each other. Each planar spiral of the second coil includes second interconnected loops wound about a second axis, where neighboring second planar spirals are electrically connected to each other. The third coil has a planar spiral includes third interconnected loops that are wound about a third axis. Each electrically conductive coil is configured to produce a respective electromagnetic force (EMF) induced by an oscillating magnetic field, the respective EMF driving a respective alternating current (AC) through the respective readout circuit. Each readout circuit is configured to detect a respective peak voltage magnitude of the respective AC.

公开(公告)号：US20240264246A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-08

申请号：US18430870

申请日：2024-02-02

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/0206

Abstract: An on-chip electrical coil includes a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of metal layers disposed on the semiconductor substrate; a plurality of insulator layers disposed on the semiconductor substrate, each insulator layer disposed between a pair of neighboring metal layers to form an alternating arrangement of metal layers and insulator layers; a plurality of metal vias defined in the insulator layers, each metal via electrically connecting a respective pair of neighboring metal layers; and a planar spiral formed by the metal layers and the metal vias, the planar spiral including a plurality of interconnected loops, each loop including two metal wires disposed in respective metal layers, an intra-loop column that electrically connects the two metal wires of a respective loop, and an inter-loop column that electrically connects one of the metal wires of the respective loop to one of the metal wires in a subsequent loop.

公开(公告)号：US12001115B2

公开(公告)日：2024-06-04

申请号：US17712036

申请日：2022-04-01

Applicant: ROCKLEY PHOTONICS LIMITED ,  CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Arian Hashemi Talkhooncheh ,  Azita Emami ,  Yi Zhang ,  Aaron Zilkie

IPC: G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/225 ,  H04B10/54

CPC classification number: G02F1/212 ,  G02F1/225 ,  H04B10/541 ,  G02F1/0121

Abstract: An optical device. In some embodiments, the device comprises: an input waveguide, configured to receive light; a first electro-absorption modulator, coupled to receive light from the input waveguide, and operable to produce a first output or a second output, wherein the second output has a lower amplitude than the first output; a second electro-absorption modulator, coupled to receive light from the input waveguide, and operable to produce a third output or a fourth output, wherein the fourth output has a lower amplitude than the third output; and an output waveguide, coupled to receive light from the first electro-absorption modulator and the second electro-absorption modulator, and output a combined signal comprising an output of the first electro-absorption modulator and an output of the second electro-absorption modulator.

公开(公告)号：US11903595B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-20

申请号：US17813177

申请日：2022-07-18

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Abhinav Agarwal ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B17/17 ,  G01B7/31

CPC classification number: A61B17/1707 ,  A61B17/1725 ,  G01B7/31

Abstract: A three dimensional magnetic sensor attached to a surgical nail is located based on an applied monotonic magnetic field gradient. Another three dimensional magnetic sensor locates a surgical drill. A display generates a real time image of the relative alignment of the surgical drill and of the surgical nail, allowing a surgeon to repair bone fractures.

公开(公告)号：US20240046071A1

公开(公告)日：2024-02-08

申请号：US18230448

申请日：2023-08-04

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Tyson Aflalo ,  Benyamin A Haghi ,  Richard A Andersen ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G06N3/045 ,  G16H40/67 ,  G16H50/30 ,  G06N3/084 ,  G06F3/01

CPC classification number: G06N3/045 ,  G16H40/67 ,  G16H50/30 ,  G06N3/084 ,  G06F3/015

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a feature extraction network based brain machine interface is disclosed. A set of neural sensors sense neural signals from the brain. A feature extraction module is coupled to the set of neural sensors to extract a set of features from the sensed neural signals. Each feature is extracted via a feature engineering module having a convolutional filter and an activation function. The feature engineering modules are each trained to extract the corresponding feature. A decoder is coupled to the feature extraction module. The decoder is trained to determine a kinematics output from a pattern of the plurality of features. An output interface provides control signals based on the kinematics output from the decoder.

公开(公告)号：US11666216B2

公开(公告)日：2023-06-06

申请号：US15987843

申请日：2018-05-23

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Peter A Petillo ,  Samson Chen ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A01K1/03 ,  A01K11/00 ,  A01K29/00 ,  A61B5/11 ,  H04B5/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1486 ,  A61B5/01

CPC classification number: A61B5/002 ,  A01K1/031 ,  A01K11/006 ,  A01K29/00 ,  A61B5/1113 ,  H04B5/0075 ,  A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/1486 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14539 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/6832 ,  A61B5/6868 ,  A61B2503/40 ,  A61B2503/42

Abstract: A smart cage includes radiofrequency transceivers and tags attached to laboratory animals. The tags include sensors to detect monitorable conditions of the laboratory animals. The sensors include working electrodes, counter electrodes, reference electrodes, and potentiostats. The top surface of the electrodes is coated with ionophores or enzymes which detect the monitorable conditions of the laboratory animals.

公开(公告)号：US11457835B2

公开(公告)日：2022-10-04

申请号：US17097349

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/00 ,  A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/05 ,  G01B7/31 ,  G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/385

Abstract: An apparatus for producing magnetic field gradients includes (a) a first planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a first magnetic field gradient with respect to a first axis, (b) a second planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a second magnetic field gradient with respect to a second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis, (c) a third planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a third magnetic field gradient with respect to a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes, and (d) a controller configured to selectively provide power to the first, second, and/or third electromagnet coil sets to sequentially produce a localization magnetic field gradient with respect to each of the first, second, and third axes, at least a portion of each localization magnetic field gradient having a monotonically-varying magnetic field magnitude along a respective axis.

公开(公告)号：US11122975B2

公开(公告)日：2021-09-21

申请号：US15948187

申请日：2018-04-09

Applicant: California Institute of Technology ,  University of Southern California

Inventor： Damien C. Rodger ,  Yu-Chong Tai ,  Mark S. Humayun ,  Aubrey M. Shapero ,  Abhinav Agarwal ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B3/16 ,  A61F9/007 ,  A61M1/00 ,  A61M27/00

Abstract: A miniature, low power electronic pressure sensor with a first, oil-filled chamber to protect its microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) pressure sensitive membrane and a second chamber filled with saline or body fluids connected by tube into an organ in the body, such as an eyeball, that needs pressure sensing, is described. The tube carries pressure from a sensitive area within the organ to the electronic pressure sensor. The pressure sensor may communicate wirelessly with external readers and pass data to a server or other computer. Running alongside the tube is another tube for draining and pressure relief. The tubes, or cannulas, can share an opening into the organ in order to minimize the number of holes needed. The tubes may be molded into a single oval cross section, combined coaxially, or share a lumen for a portion that enters the wall of an organ so as to promote healing.

公开(公告)号：US20210137412A1

公开(公告)日：2021-05-13

申请号：US17097421

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/05

Abstract: A method for in-vivo monitoring of a target internal volume of a mammal that includes: (a) placing the target internal volume proximal to a three-dimensional magnetic field generator; (b) generating first, second, and third magnetic field gradients along respective first, second, and third axes that are mutually orthogonal; (c) measuring first, second, and third magnetic fields with a three-dimensional magnetic sensor disposed in an ingestible capsule, the ingestible capsule disposed in the target internal volume; (d) with a controller in electrical communication with the three-dimensional magnetic sensor, generating a magnetic sensor output signal that encodes a measurement of the first, second, and third magnetic fields; (e) broadcasting the magnetic sensor output signal from an antenna disposed in the ingestible capsule, and (f) receiving the magnetic sensor output signal with a receiver. The received magnetic field data can be used to determine the three-dimensional position of the ingestible capsule.

公开(公告)号：US09915641B2

公开(公告)日：2018-03-13

申请号：US14561114

申请日：2014-12-04

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami ,  Manuel Alejandro Monge Osorio

IPC: G01N33/46 ,  G01N33/483 ,  G01R17/00 ,  G01R33/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/04 ,  A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/05 ,  H04B1/40 ,  G01R33/12

CPC classification number: G01N33/483 ,  A61B5/0522 ,  A61B5/073 ,  G01R33/077 ,  G01R33/1269 ,  G01R33/1284 ,  H04B1/40

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for sensing biological functions are disclosed. Sensors can be implanted in an organ, such as the brain, and a magnetic field gradient applied to the biological tissue. The field causes the sensors to have different resonant frequencies allowing their spatial localization. The sensors can harvest power from the external coils to be able to retransmit data.