摘要:
A reactor for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to form nitrogen oxides which has a noble metal gauze catalyst and a heat exchanger in that order in the direction of flow, a catalyst for the decomposition of N2O is located between the noble metal gauze catalyst and the heat exchanger and in a process for the catalytic decomposition of N2O in a gas mixture obtained in the preparation of nitric acid by catalytic oxidation of ammonia, where the N2O is decomposed catalytically over a catalyst of the decomposition of N2O, the hot gas mixture obtained from the catalytic oxidation of ammonia is brought to contact with the catalyst for the decomposition of N2O prior to subsequent cooling.
摘要:
The disclosure is directed to a process for preparing an oxidic catalyst comprising copper in an oxidation state >0, which comprises treating a solid oxidic support material with an aqueous solution comprising at least one copper salt and at least one organic water soluble polymer which binds copper ions coordinatively in a concentration of from 0.1 to 100 g/l and then calcining, to the catalyst obtainable by this process and also to a process for dehydrogenating secondary alcohols to ketones using the catalysts, especially for dehydrogenating cyclohexanol.
摘要:
The present invention comprises an intelligent gaming system that includes a game engine, simulation engine, and, in certain embodiments, a static evaluator. Embodiments of the invention include an intelligent, poker playing slot machine that allows a user to play poker for money against one or more intelligent, simulated opponents. The simulation engine generates actions for the simulated player(s). The simulation engine allows a real person, or user, to play against intelligent, simulated opponents. In addition, in certain embodiments a static evaluator offers another level of play in which the user can play against a predetermined criteria for winning. In one embodiment of the invention, the user plays against simulated opponent(s). In another embodiment of the invention, the user plays against simulated opponent(s) and against the predetermined criteria.
摘要:
Amines are prepared by reacting primary or secondary alcohols, aldehydes or ketones with nitrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressures in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst containing copper and oxygen-containing compounds of titanium by a process in which the catalyst is used in the form of moldings which have been prepared with the addition of metallic copper powder.
摘要:
In a process for preparing spinel extrudates by extruding molding compositions comprising spinel powder with or without extrusion assistants, stabilizers, shrinkage reducers, pore-formers or mixtures thereof subsequent drying and calcination of the extrudates, the molding composition further comprises aluminum oxides or aluminum oxide hydrates and metal nitrates.
摘要:
Polytetrahydrofuran, copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and 2-butyne-1,4-diol, diesters of these polymers with C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acids or monoesters of these polymers with C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acids are prepared by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of one of the telogens water, 1,4-butanediol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of from 200 to 700 Dalton, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acid or an anhydride of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of these telogens over a heterogeneous supported catalyst which comprises a catalytically active amount of an oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compound on an oxidic support material and which has been calcined at from 5OO.degree. C. to 1OOO.degree. C. after application of the precursor compounds of the oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compounds onto the support material precursor, wherein the catalyst is activated by treatment with a reducing agent before it is used as a polymerization catalyst.
摘要:
A process for producing open-celled, inorganic sintered foam products which comprises:a. converting slip material comprising sinterable inorganic powder, a fluid, vaporizable material which makes this slip material capable of flow and, if desired, a material forming blowing gas into a foamed product in a foaming step with liberation of the blowing gas,b. subjecting this foamed product to a treatment which essentially makes the slip material incapable of flow and forms an open-pored intermediate body, with the steps a. and b. being able to proceed essentially simultaneously,c. removing material remaining from the fluid material and any further material from the intermediate body to form a green foam body, andd. sintering the green foam body to form the open-celled, inorganic sintered foam product.
摘要:
A process for dehydrogenating 1,4-butanediol to .gamma.-butyrolactone in the gas phase in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst, wherein the catalyst contains 4-40% by weight of copper and 0-5% by weight of Na.sub.2 O, based on the total weight of the catalyst, on a carrier consisting of 80-100% by weight of SiO.sub.2 and 0-20% by weight of CaO.
摘要:
N-Substituted cyclic amines are prepared by reacting diols with primary amines over a copper-containing catalyst which is obtainable by impregnation of an inert support with an aqueous solution of an ammine complex of a readily thermally decomposable copper compound and subsequent drying and calcination and contains from 5 to 50% by weight of copper, calculated as CuO.
摘要:
Pyrroles of the formula I ##STR1## are prepared by a process in which a dialkoxytetrahydrofuran of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 in the formulae (I) and (II) are identical or different and are each hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical of not more than 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl, alkylaryl or aralkyl radical of 6 to 16 carbon atoms, and two non-adjacent radicals R.sup.6 to R.sup.9 are alkoxy and the other two radicals R.sup.6 to R.sup.9 are hydrogen, is reacted with ammonia or a primary amine H.sub.2 NR.sup.1, where R.sup.1 in formula (I) is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl, in the presence of an acidic, solid, heterogeneous catalyst. Zeolites, for example those of the pentasil type or faujasite type, or phosphates, acidic oxides, phosphoric acid or boric acid on a carrier can be used as the solid heterogeneous catalysts.
摘要翻译:式I(I)的吡咯可以通过其中式II(II)的二烷氧基四氢呋喃与式(I)和(II)中的R 2至R 5相同或不同的方法制备, 每个氢,不超过12个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烯基,5-8个碳原子的环烷基或环烯基,6-16个碳原子的芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基, 相邻的基团R6至R9为烷氧基,另外两个基团R6至R9为氢,与氨或伯胺H 2 N R 1反应,其中式(I)中的R 1为氢,烷基,芳基,烷基芳基,芳烷基或环烷基, 酸性,固体,非均相催化剂的存在。 作为固体多相催化剂,可以使用沸石,例如pentasil类型或八面沸石型沸石,或载体上的磷酸盐,酸性氧化物,磷酸或硼酸。