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21.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06569384B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-27
申请号：US09773641
申请日：2001-01-31
IPC分类号： G01N1506
CPC分类号： G01N33/5097 , C12Q1/02 , G01N2021/635 , G01N2520/00
摘要： A water quality sensor for detecting the presence of at least one chemical or biological warfare agent includes: a cell; apparatus for introducing water into the cell and discharging water from the cell adapted for analyzing photosynthetic activity of naturally occurring, free-living, indigenous photosynthetic organisms in water; a fluorometer for measuring photosynthetic activity of naturally occurring, free-living, indigenous photosynthetic organisms drawn into the cell; and an electronics package that analyzes raw data from the fluorometer and emits a signal indicating the presence of at least one chemical or biological warfare agent in the water.
摘要翻译： 用于检测至少一种化学或生物战剂的存在的水质传感器包括：电池; 将水引入细胞并从适用于分析水中天然存在的，自由生活的本地光合生物的光合作用的细胞中排出水的装置; 用于测量被吸入细胞的天然存在的，自由生活的本地光合生物的光合作用的荧光计; 以及分析来自荧光计的原始数据并发出指示在水中存在至少一种化学或生物战剂的信号的电子封装。
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22.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06447663B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09694978
申请日：2000-10-24
申请人： James Weifu Lee , Elias Greenbaum
发明人： James Weifu Lee , Elias Greenbaum
IPC分类号： C25D518
CPC分类号： C25D21/12 , B82Y30/00 , C25D5/18 , G11C13/0002 , Y10S977/899
摘要： A method of nanometer-scale deposition of a metal onto a nanostructure includes the steps of: providing a substrate having thereon at least two electrically conductive nanostructures spaced no more than about 50 &mgr;m apart; and depositing metal on at least one of the nanostructures by electric field-directed, programmable, pulsed electrolytic metal deposition. Moreover, a method of nanometer-scale depletion of a metal from a nanostructure includes the steps of providing a substrate having thereon at least two electrically conductive nanostructures spaced no more than about 50 &mgr;m apart, at least one of the nanostructures having a metal disposed thereon; and depleting at least a portion of the metal from the nanostructure by electric field-directed, programmable, pulsed electrolytic metal depletion. A bypass circuit enables ultra-finely controlled deposition.
摘要翻译： 将金属纳米级沉积到纳米结构上的方法包括以下步骤：提供其上具有间隔不超过约50μm的至少两个导电纳米结构的基底; 以及通过电场导向的可编程脉冲电解金属沉积在至少一个纳米结构上沉积金属。 而且，纳米结构纳米尺度耗尽金属的方法包括以下步骤：提供其上具有间隔不超过约50微米的至少两个导电纳米结构的基底，至少一个纳米结构具有置于其上的金属 ; 并通过电场导向的可编程的脉冲电解金属耗尽从纳米结构中消耗至少一部分金属。 旁路电路可实现超精细控制的沉积。
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公开(公告)号：US5100781A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US863193
申请日：1986-05-14
申请人： Elias Greenbaum
发明人： Elias Greenbaum
CPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12M21/02 , C12M23/22 , C12M25/14 , C12M41/34 , Y10S435/807 , Y10S435/946
摘要： A rapid, non-destructive process for screening individual photosynthetic clonal colonies for selected gas producing capacity. Gas produced upon illumination of discrete algal clonal colonies grown on solid growth medium is continuously swept away in a carrier gas stream and conveyed to gas detectors for analysis. Hydrogen producing algal clones with enhanced gas production capacities and sustained production may be identified.
摘要翻译： 用于筛选个别光合克隆克隆的快速，无损的过程，用于选择的天然气生产能力。 在固体生长培养基上生长的离散藻类克隆克隆的照射产生的气体在载气流中不断扫除并输送到气体检测器进行分析。 可以确定具有增强的天然气生产能力和持续生产的产氢藻类克隆。
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公开(公告)号：US4476105A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US343666
申请日：1982-01-28
申请人： Elias Greenbaum
发明人： Elias Greenbaum
CPC分类号： C01B3/042 , B01D53/22 , B01J19/127 , Y02E60/364
摘要： The invention is an improved process for producing gaseous hydrogen and oxygen from water. The process is conducted in a photolytic reactor which contains a water-suspension of a photoactive material containing a hydrogen-liberating catalyst. The reactor also includes a volume for receiving gaseous hydrogen and oxygen evolved from the liquid phase. To avoid oxygen-inactivation of the catalyst, the reactor is evacuated continuously by an external pump which circulates the evolved gases through means for selectively recovering hydrogen therefrom. The pump also cools the reactor by evaporating water from the liquid phase. Preferably, product recovery is effected by selectively diffusing the hydrogen through a heated semipermeable membrane, while maintaining across the membrane a magnetic field gradient which biases the oxygen away from the heated membrane. This promotes separation, minimizes the back-reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and protects the membrane.
摘要翻译： 本发明是从水中产生气态氢和氧的改进方法。 该方法在含有释放氢的催化剂的光活性材料的水悬浮液的光解反应器中进行。 反应器还包括用于接收从液相放出的气态氢和氧的体积。 为了避免催化剂的氧失活，通过外部泵连续排出反应器，外部泵使放出的气体循环通过用于从其中选择性回收氢的手段。 泵还通过从液相中蒸发水来冷却反应器。 优选地，通过选择性地将氢扩散通过加热的半透膜来实现产物回收，同时保持横跨膜的磁场梯度，该磁场梯度将氧离开加热的膜。 这促进分离，最小化氢和氧的反应，并保护膜。
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公开(公告)号：US20130256561A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-03
申请号：US13438562
申请日：2012-04-03
申请人： Elias Greenbaum , Jie Wu
发明人： Elias Greenbaum , Jie Wu
IPC分类号： G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N21/6486 , G01N21/6428 , G01N2201/0625
摘要： Chlorophyll fluorometry may be used for detecting toxins in a sample because of changes in micro algae. A portable lab on a chip (“LOAC”) based chlorophyll fluorometer may be used for toxin detection and environmental monitoring. In particular, the system may include a microfluidic pulse amplitude modulated (“PAM”) chlorophyll fluorometer. The LOAC PAM chlorophyll fluorometer may analyze microalgae and cyanobacteria that grow naturally in source drinking water.
摘要翻译： 由于微藻的变化，叶绿素荧光测定法可用于检测样品中的毒素。 基于芯片的便携式实验室（“LOAC”）叶绿素荧光计可用于毒素检测和环境监测。 特别地，该系统可以包括微流体脉冲幅度调制（“PAM”）叶绿素荧光计。 LOAC PAM叶绿素荧光计可以分析在源饮用水中自然生长的微藻和蓝细菌。
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公开(公告)号：US08546073B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US13474183
申请日：2012-05-17
CPC分类号： C12Q1/025
摘要： A biosensor based detection of toxins includes enhancing a fluorescence signal by concentrating a plurality of photosynthetic organisms in a fluid into a concentrated region using biased AC electro-osmosis. A measured photosynthetic activity of the photosynthetic organisms is obtained in the concentrated region, where chemical, biological or radiological agents reduce a nominal photosynthetic activity of the photosynthetic organisms. A presence of the chemical, biological and/or radiological agents or precursors thereof, is determined in the fluid based on the measured photosynthetic activity of the concentrated plurality of photosynthetic organisms. A lab-on-a-chip system is used for the concentrating step. The presence of agents is determined from feature vectors, obtained from processing a time dependent signal using amplitude statistics and/or time-frequency analysis, relative to a control signal. A linear discriminant method including support vector machine classification (SVM) is used to identify the agents.
摘要翻译： 基于毒素检测的生物传感器包括通过使用偏压AC电渗析将多个光合生物在流体中浓缩成浓缩区域来增强荧光信号。 在浓缩区域获得了光合生物测定的光合活性，其中化学，生物或放射剂降低光合生物的标称光合活性。 基于浓缩的多个光合生物的测量的光合活性，在流体中确定化学，生物和/或放射性剂或其前体的存在。 用于集中步骤的芯片实验室芯片系统。 使用幅度统计和/或时间 - 频率分析从相对于控制信号处理与时间相关的信号获得的特征向量来确定代理的存在。 使用支持向量机分类（SVM）的线性判别方法来识别代理。
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公开(公告)号：US08158377B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-17
申请号：US11216282
申请日：2005-08-31
CPC分类号： C12Q1/025
摘要： A method of biosensor-based detection of toxins comprises the steps of providing at least one time-dependent control signal generated by a biosensor in a gas or liquid medium, and obtaining a time-dependent biosensor signal from the biosensor in the gas or liquid medium to be monitored or analyzed for the presence of one or more toxins selected from chemical, biological or radiological agents. The time-dependent biosensor signal is processed to obtain a plurality of feature vectors using at least one of amplitude statistics and a time-frequency analysis. At least one parameter relating to toxicity of the gas or liquid medium is then determined from the feature vectors based on reference to the control signal.
摘要翻译： 一种基于生物传感器的毒素检测方法包括以下步骤：在气体或液体介质中提供由生物传感器产生的至少一个时间依赖的控制信号，并从气体或液体介质中的生物传感器获得时间依赖的生物传感器信号 被监测或分析一种或多种选自化学，生物或放射剂的毒素的存在。 处理时间依赖的生物传感器信号以使用幅度统计和时间 - 频率分析中的至少一个来获得多个特征向量。 然后，基于对控制信号的参考，从特征向量确定与气体或液体介质的毒性有关的至少一个参数。
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公开(公告)号：US07591979B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-22
申请号：US10689316
申请日：2003-10-20
CPC分类号： G01N1/14 , G01N33/1886 , G01N35/1095 , G01N2001/022 , G01N2333/405 , G01N2520/00 , Y10T436/117497
摘要： An automatic, self-contained device for detecting toxic agents in a water supply includes an analyzer for detecting at least one toxic agent in a water sample, introducing means for introducing a water sample into the analyzer and discharging the water sample from the analyzer, holding means for holding a water sample for a pre-selected period of time before the water sample is introduced into the analyzer, and an electronics package that analyzes raw data from the analyzer and emits a signal indicating the presence of at least one toxic agent in the water sample.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测供水中的有毒物质的自动独立装置，包括用于检测水样中的至少一种毒物的分析装置，用于将水样引入分析器的引入装置， 用于在将水样品引入分析仪之前将预先选定的时间段保持水样的装置，以及分析来自分析器的原始数据并发出指示至少一种有毒剂存在的信号的电子装置 水样。
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公开(公告)号：US20080032326A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11271643
申请日：2005-11-10
申请人： Elias Greenbaum , Miguel Rodriguez , Jie Jayne Wu , Hairong Qi
发明人： Elias Greenbaum , Miguel Rodriguez , Jie Jayne Wu , Hairong Qi
IPC分类号： C12Q1/04
CPC分类号： C12Q1/025
摘要： A water quality analyzer for real-time detection according to the invention comprises a biased AC electro-osmosis (ACEO) cell for receiving a fluid to be analyzed having a plurality photosynthetic organisms therein, and concentrating the plurality photosynthetic organisms into at least one concentrated region. A photodetector is provided for obtaining a measured photosynthetic activity of the plurality of photosynthetic organisms in the concentrated region; wherein chemical, biological or radiological agents reduce a nominal photosynthetic activity of the photosynthetic organisms. An electronics package analyzes the measured photosynthetic activity to indicate a presence of the chemical, biological or radiological agents in the fluid.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的用于实时检测的水质分析器包括偏置AC电渗透（ACEO）电池，用于接收待分析的流体，其中具有多个光合生物，并将多个光合生物浓缩成至少一个集中区域 。 提供一种光电检测器，用于获得在浓缩区域中的多个光合生物的测量光合活性; 其中化学，生物或放射剂降低光合生物的标称光合活性。 电子组件分析测量的光合活性以指示流体中化学，生物或放射性剂的存在。
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30.发明授权Catalyst-induced growth of carbon nanotubes on tips of cantilevers and nanowires 失效催化剂诱导的碳纳米管在悬臂和纳米线尖端的生长公开(公告)号：US06755956B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-29
申请号：US09873928
申请日：2001-06-04
申请人： James Weifu Lee , Douglas H. Lowndes , Vladimir I. Merkulov , Gyula Eres , Yayi Wei , Elias Greenbaum , Ida Lee
发明人： James Weifu Lee , Douglas H. Lowndes , Vladimir I. Merkulov , Gyula Eres , Yayi Wei , Elias Greenbaum , Ida Lee
IPC分类号： C25D518
CPC分类号： C25D21/12 , C01B32/162 , C01B32/18 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/06 , C25D1/02 , C25D5/18 , C25D7/00 , C25D7/0607 , G01Q70/12 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/873 , Y10S977/876 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： A method is described for catalyst-induced growth of carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, and other nanostructures on the tips of nanowires, cantilevers, conductive micro/nanometer structures, wafers and the like. The method can be used for production of carbon nanotube-anchored cantilevers that can significantly improve the performance of scaning probe microscopy (AFM, EFM etc). The invention can also be used in many other processes of micro and/or nanofabrication with carbon nanotubes/fibers. Key elements of this invention include: (1) Proper selection of a metal catalyst and programmable pulsed electrolytic deposition of the desired specific catalyst precisely at the tip of a substrate, (2) Catalyst-induced growth of carbon nanotubes/fibers at the catalyst-deposited tips, (3) Control of carbon nanotube/fiber growth pattern by manipulation of tip shape and growth conditions, and (4) Automation for mass production.
摘要翻译： 描述了在纳米线，悬臂，导电微/纳米结构，晶片等的尖端上的催化剂诱导的碳纳米管，纳米纤维和其他纳米结构生长的方法。 该方法可用于生产可显着提高扫描显微镜（AFM，EFM等）性能的碳纳米管锚定悬臂梁。 本发明也可以用于许多其它使用碳纳米管/纤维进行微观和/或纳米加工的方法。 本发明的关键要素包括：（1）金属催化剂的正确选择和精确地在基材尖端的所需特定催化剂的可编程脉冲电解沉积，（2）催化剂诱导的催化剂 - 沉积尖端，（3）通过操作尖端形状和生长条件控制碳纳米管/纤维生长模式，（4）大规模生产自动化。
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