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21.发明申请System and method for increasing radio frequency (RF)/microwave inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator frequency tuning range 有权提高射频（RF）/微波电感 - 电容（LC）振荡器频率调谐范围的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20050184820A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-25
申请号：US11009495
申请日：2004-12-10
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathen Barton
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathen Barton
CPC分类号： H03B5/1296 , H03B5/1209 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1287
摘要： System and method for increasing the frequency tuning range of a RF/microwave LC oscillator. A preferred embodiment comprises a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) configured to generate an output signal at a frequency that is dependent upon a magnitude of an input voltage level and an effective inductance of an inductive load and a variable inductor coupled to the VCO. The variable inductor comprises a primary inductor coupled to the VCO to produce a magnetic field based upon a current flowing through the primary inductor and a secondary inductor magnetically coupled to the primary inductor, the secondary inductor to affect the magnitude of the effective inductance of the primary inductor.
摘要翻译： 用于增加RF /微波LC振荡器的频率调谐范围的系统和方法。 优选实施例包括压控振荡器（VCO），其被配置为以取决于输入电压电平的大小和耦合到VCO的电感性负载和可变电感器的有效电感的频率来产生输出信号。 可变电感器包括耦合到VCO的初级电感器，以基于流过初级电感器的电流和与主电感器磁耦合的次级电感器产生磁场，次级电感器影响主电感器的有效电感的幅度 电感。
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公开(公告)号：US06791422B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10679792
申请日：2003-10-06
IPC分类号： H03L700
CPC分类号： H03C3/0975 , H03C3/0941 , H03C3/095 , H03C3/0958 , H03C3/0966 , H03K19/0016 , H03L7/085 , H03L7/087 , H03L7/091 , H03L7/093 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/16 , H03L2207/50 , H04L7/0029
摘要： A transmitter (10) based on a frequency synthesizer includes an LC tank (12) of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) with various arrays of capacitors. The LC tank 12 is divided into two major groups that reflect two general operational modes: acquisition and tracking. The first group (process/voltage/temperature and acquisition) approximately sets the desired center frequency of oscillation initially, while the second group (integer and fractional tracking) precisely controls the oscillating frequency during the actual operation. For highly accurate outputs, dynamic element matching (DEM) is used in the integer tracking controller to reduce non-linearities caused by non-uniform capacitor values. Also, a preferred range of the integer tracking capacitor array may be used for modulation after the selected channel has been acquired. A digital sigma-delta modulator circuit (50) drives a capacitor array (14d) in response to the fractional bits of the error word. On mode switches, the accumulated error is recalculated to a phase restart value to prevent perturbations.
摘要翻译： 基于频率合成器的发射机（10）包括具有各种电容器阵列的数字控制振荡器（DCO）的LC箱（12）。 液相色谱箱12分为反映两种一般操作模式的两个主要组：采集和跟踪。 第一组（过程/电压/温度和采集）最初初始化设置所需的中心振荡频率，而第二组（整数和分数跟踪）在实际操作期间精确地控制振荡频率。 对于高精度输出，在整数跟踪控制器中使用动态元件匹配（DEM）来减少由非均匀电容值引起的非线性。 此外，在获取所选择的信道之后，整数跟踪电容器阵列的优选范围可以用于调制。 数字Σ-Δ调制器电路（50）响应错误字的分数位驱动电容器阵列（14d）。 在模式开关上，累加误差被重新计算到相位重启值，以防止扰动。
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公开(公告)号：US08411793B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-02
申请号：US13081338
申请日：2011-04-06
申请人： Robert B. Staszewski , Sameh Rezeq , Dirk Leipold
发明人： Robert B. Staszewski , Sameh Rezeq , Dirk Leipold
IPC分类号： H04K1/02
CPC分类号： H04L27/361
摘要： A transmitter using quadrature modulation includes a rectangular to polar converter for converting data symbols into a polar form, where each polar symbol has a magnitude signal and an angle signal. Digital phase modulation circuitry includes an all digital PLL circuit for generating a phase modulated RF carrier signal responsive to the angle signal frequency control word (FCW) and a carrier frequency FCW. A digitally controlled amplifier for amplifying the phase modulated signal is controlled by a digital amplitude control circuitry for controlling the gain of the digitally controlled amplifier responsive to the magnitude signal.
摘要翻译： 使用正交调制的发射机包括用于将数据符号转换成极性形式的矩形到极化转换器，其中每个极性符号具有幅度信号和角度信号。 数字相位调制电路包括全数字PLL电路，用于响应角度信号频率控制字（FCW）和载波频率FCW产生相位调制的RF载波信号。 用于放大相位调制信号的数字控制放大器由数字幅度控制电路控制，用于响应于幅度信号来控制数字控制放大器的增益。
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24.发明授权Single-electron tunnel junction for complementary metal-oxide device and method of manufacturing the same 有权用于互补金属氧化物器件的单电子隧道结及其制造方法公开(公告)号：US07767995B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-03
申请号：US11846993
申请日：2007-08-29
IPC分类号： H01L29/06
CPC分类号： H01L27/092 , H01L29/66151 , H01L29/88 , Y10S438/979 , Y10S977/937
摘要： A method of providing a p-type substrate, disposing a pad oxide layer on the p-type substrate, disposing a nitride layer on the pad oxide layer, forming a nitride window in the nitride layer, disposing a field oxide in the nitride window, disposing a polysilicon gate over the field oxide, and diffusing a n-doped region in the p-type substrate, thereby forming at least one single-electron tunnel junction between the polysilicon gate and the n-doped region.
摘要翻译： 一种提供p型衬底的方法，在p型衬底上设置焊盘氧化物层，在衬垫氧化物层上设置氮化物层，在氮化物层中形成氮化物窗，在氮化物窗中设置场氧化物， 在场氧化物上设置多晶硅栅极，并扩散p型衬底中的n掺杂区域，从而在多晶硅栅极和n掺杂区域之间形成至少一个单电子隧道结。
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公开(公告)号：US07639082B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US11847961
申请日：2007-08-30
IPC分类号： H03F3/04
CPC分类号： H03G3/30 , H03F3/19 , H03F2200/294 , H03F2200/336 , H03F2200/468
摘要： A system and method for amplifier gain measurement and compensation. A method for compensating a signal gain of an amplifier circuit includes determining a desired gain for the amplifier circuit, determining an operating temperature of the amplifier circuit, adjusting a set of signal gains based on the operating temperature to produce a set of adjusted signal gains, determining a desired gain setting based on the desired gain and the set of signal gains, and providing the desired gain setting to the amplifier circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种用于放大器增益测量和补偿的系统和方法。 用于补偿放大器电路的信号增益的方法包括确定放大器电路的期望增益，确定放大器电路的工作温度，基于工作温度调整一组信号增益以产生一组经调整的信号增益， 基于期望的增益和所述一组信号增益确定期望的增益设置，以及向放大器电路提供期望的增益设置。
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公开(公告)号：US07519135B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US10190867
申请日：2002-07-08
IPC分类号： H03K5/01
CPC分类号： H03D7/125 , H04B1/1036
摘要： A radio receiver 2000 with a sampling mixer 1100 for creating a discrete-time sample stream by directly sampling an RF current with history and rotating capacitors 1111 and 1112, wherein the accumulated charge on the rotating capacitors is read-out to produce a sample. The mixer provides immunity to noise glitches by predicting the occurrence of the glitch (or detecting a significant difference between observed and predicted samples) and creating corrected samples for the corrupted samples. These corrected samples can be created with special circuitry 1933 (digital) or in the mixer 1100 (analog).
摘要翻译： 具有采样混合器1100的无线电接收机2000，用于通过用历史和旋转电容器1111和1112直接采样RF电流来产生离散时间采样流，其中读出旋转电容器上的累积电荷以产生样本。 混合器通过预测毛刺的发生（或检测观察到的和预测的样品之间的显着差异）并为损坏的样品产生校正的样品来提供对噪声毛刺的免疫。 这些校正样本可以用专用电路1933（数字）或混合器1100（模拟）来创建。
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27.发明授权All-digital frequency synthesis with non-linear differential term for handling frequency perturbations 有权用于处理频率扰动的非线性微分项的全数字频率合成公开(公告)号：US07483508B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-27
申请号：US10306655
申请日：2002-11-27
申请人： Robert B. Staszewski , Dirk Leipold
发明人： Robert B. Staszewski , Dirk Leipold
IPC分类号： H03D3/24
CPC分类号： H03L7/085 , H03L7/0991
摘要： An all-digital frequency synthesizer architecture is built around a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) that is tuned in response to a digital tuning word (OTW). In exemplary embodiments: (1) a gain characteristic (KDCO) of the digitally controlled oscillator can be determined by observing a digital control word before and after a known change (Δfmax) in the oscillating frequency; (2) a portion (TUNE_TF) of the tuning word can be dithered (1202), and the resultant dithered portion (dkTF) can then be applied to a control input of switchable devices within the digitally controlled oscillator; and (3) a non-linear differential term (187, 331) can be used to expedite correction of the digitally controlled oscillator when large phase error changes (335) occur.
摘要翻译： 全数字频率合成器架构围绕数字控制振荡器（DCO）构建，该振荡器响应于数字调谐字（OTW）进行调谐。 在示例性实施例中：（1）数字控制振荡器的增益特性（KDCO）可以通过在振荡频率中的已知改变（Deltafmax）之前和之后观察数字控制字来确定; （2）可以对调谐字的一部分（TUNE_TF）进行抖动（1202），然后将所得到的抖动部分（dkTF）施加到数字控制振荡器内的可切换装置的控制输入端; 和（3）当大相位误差变化（335）发生时，可以使用非线性微分项（187,331）来加速数字控制振荡器的校正。
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28.发明授权Time-to-digital converter with non-inverting buffers, transmission gates and non-linearity corrector, SOC including such converter and method of phase detection for use in synthesizing a clock signal 有权具有非反相缓冲器，传输门和非线性校正器的时间到数字转换器，包括这种转换器的SOC和用于合成时钟信号的相位检测方法公开(公告)号：US07427940B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-23
申请号：US11690506
申请日：2007-03-23
申请人： Robert Bogdan Staszewski , Dirk Leipold , Wei Chen
发明人： Robert Bogdan Staszewski , Dirk Leipold , Wei Chen
CPC分类号： H03L7/091 , H03L2207/50
摘要： A time-to-digital converter (TDC), a system-on-chip including a TDC, a method of phase detection for use in synthesizing a clock signal and a non-linearity corrector for a TDC. In one embodiment, the TDC includes a chain of delay elements configured to receive a clock signal and generate delayed clock signals. Each one of the delay elements includes: (1) a non-inverting buffer configured to delay the clock signal by about twice a delay of an inverter to provide a buffer-delayed clock signal and (2) a first transmission gate coupled to the non-inverting buffer and configured to delay the clock signal by about the delay of an inverter to provide a first gate-delayed clock signal.
摘要翻译： 时间数字转换器（TDC），包括TDC的片上系统，用于合成时钟信号的相位检测方法和用于TDC的非线性校正器。 在一个实施例中，TDC包括被配置为接收时钟信号并产生延迟的时钟信号的延迟元件链。 每个延迟元件包括：（1）非反相缓冲器，被配置为将时钟信号延迟约两倍的逆变器的延迟以提供缓冲器延迟的时钟信号，以及（2）耦合到非反相缓冲器的第一传输门 反相缓冲器并且被配置为将时钟信号延迟大约逆变器的延迟以提供第一门延迟的时钟信号。
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29.发明申请Methods and apparatus to provide an auxiliary receive path to support transmitter functions 有权提供辅助接收路径以支持发射机功能的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20080113628A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US11595101
申请日：2006-11-09
申请人： Khurram Muhammad , Dirk Leipold
发明人： Khurram Muhammad , Dirk Leipold
IPC分类号： H04B1/40
CPC分类号： H04B1/52
摘要： Methods and apparatus to provide an auxiliary receive path to support transmitter functions are disclosed. An example transceiver includes an antenna and a duplexer coupled to the antenna. A transmitter is coupled to the duplexer to output a transmit signal at a transmit frequency. A receiver is coupled to the duplexer to receive a received signal at a receiver frequency. A signal processor is coupled to the transmitter and receiver. An auxiliary receiver is communicatively coupled to the signal processor to receive the transmit signal output from the transmitter and send an auxiliary receiver signal to the signal processor. The signal processor adjusts the transmit signal based on the auxiliary receiver signal.
摘要翻译： 公开了提供辅助接收路径以支持发射机功能的方法和装置。 示例收发器包括耦合到天线的天线和双工器。 发射机耦合到双工器以以发射频率输出发射信号。 接收机耦合到双工器以在接收机频率处接收接收的信号。 信号处理器耦合到发射机和接收机。 辅助接收器通信地耦合到信号处理器以接收从发射机输出的发射信号，并向辅助接收机信号发送信号处理器。 信号处理器根据辅助接收机信号调整发射信号。
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30.发明申请Offset balancer, method of balancing an offset and a wireless receiver employing the balancer and the method 有权偏移平衡器，平衡偏移的方法和采用平衡器的无线接收器及其方法公开(公告)号：US20070105522A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-10
申请号：US11270122
申请日：2005-11-09
申请人： Khurram Muhammad , Dirk Leipold
发明人： Khurram Muhammad , Dirk Leipold
IPC分类号： H04B1/26
CPC分类号： H03D3/008
摘要： The present invention provides an offset balancer for use with a differential mixer employing a wireless reception and an offset quantifier configured to indicate an existing DC offset of the mixer corresponding to an existing second-order intercept point applicable to the wireless reception. In one embodiment, the offset balancer includes an offset adjuster coupled to the offset quantifier and configured to provide an offset adjustment to the existing DC offset based on increasing the existing second-order intercept point.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种与使用无线接收的差分混频器一起使用的偏移平衡器和配置为指示对应于可应用于无线接收的现有二阶截取点的混频器的现有DC偏移的偏移量化器。 在一个实施例中，偏移平衡器包括偏移调整器，该偏移调整器耦合到偏移量化器并且被配置为基于增加现有的二阶截取点来提供对现有DC偏移的偏移调整。
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