摘要:
Graft polymers are obtainable by free radical polymerization of(A) monomers or monomer mixtures of(a) from 10 to 100% by weight of open-chain N-vinylcarboxamides(b) from 0 to 90% by weight of other, carboxyl-free monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of monomers containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of(B) natural substances containing saccharide structures, such as mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides,in a weight ratio (A):(B) of from 95:5 to 20:80 and, if required, subsequent hydrolysis of the amido groups of the polymerized monomers (a) of the graft polymer with formation of amino groups, and said polymers are used as dry and wet strength agents for paper, board and cardboard.
摘要:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced from paper stocks containing foreign substances by drainage in the presence of a polymer which contains, as typical polymerized constituents, units of the formulae ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, and which have K values of not less than 130, the polymers containing less than 10 mol % of units of the formula II.
摘要:
A process for removing anionic compounds from water which is recycled in manufacturing processes, and from waste water, by adding (1) water-soluble products obtained by reacting an alkylating agent, having an aromatic substituent, with a cationic polyelectrolyte and (2) mineral adsorbents and/or a magnesium salt, aluminum salt or iron salt, with formation and flocculation of water-insoluble reaction products.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of acetanilides by reacting 2-halo-N-halomethylacetanilides with azoles in a two-phase system, in the presence or absence of a phase transfer catalyst.
摘要:
Triazole derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R denotes benzyl substituted on the phenyl ring by linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 2-phenylvinyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen on the phenyl ring, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen on the phenyl ring, 2-phenyl-2-propenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen on the phenyl ring, 1-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl or 2-phenyl-2-chloroethyl, and salts thereof.Insecticidal agents containing an insecticidal active ingredient selected from the group consisting of carbamates, phosphoric (phosphonic) (di) (thio) acid esters, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, .alpha.-alkylphenyl acetates, .alpha.-cyclopropylphenyl acetates and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and a triazole derivative of the formula I or a salt thereof, have a much stronger insecticidal action than insecticidal agents containing the individual components.
摘要:
Paper, board and cardboard are produced by draining a paper stock in the presence of at least one cationic polymer on a wire by a process in which a mixture of at least one substantially linear, cationic polyelectrolyte and an optical brightener is added to the paper stock before sheet formation, said mixture containing at least two parts by weight of the polyelectrolyte per part by weight of the optical brightener.
摘要:
Wastewaters and circulation waters in papermaking, in deinking and in pulp bleaching are treated by adsorption of water-soluble anionic compounds and compounds dispersed in water from the wastewaters and circulation waters over finely divided adsorbents which consist of insoluble, only slightly swellable polymers which contain polymerized vinylamine units, and these polymers are used as adsorbents for treating water circulations in papermaking and for treating paper machine wastewaters and wastewaters from the deinking process and from pulp bleaching.
摘要:
Paper and cardboard are produced by draining a paper stock by a method in which a stock having a consistency of from 2.5 to 5% by weight is used as a starting material, and (a) from 0.1 to 2% by weight of an activated bentonite are added and the stock consistency is then brought to 0.3-2% by weight by dilution with water, after which (b) from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of a cationic polyelectrolyte having a charge density of not less than 4 meq/g of polyelectrolyte is added and distributed therein, and, after thorough mixing (c) from 0.003 to 0.3% by weight of a high molecular weight polymer based on acrylamide or methacrylamide is metered in and mixed with the paper stock, the percentages in each case being based on dry paper stock, and the resulting pulp is drained on a wire. The paper obtained is distinguished in particular by good printing properties in the offset printing process.
摘要:
Linear, basic polymer powders which contain units of the formula ##STR1## and have a Fikentscher K value of from 10 to 200 are prepared by eliminating the formyl groups from N-vinylformamide polymer powders with a gaseous hydrogen halide in the presence of not more than 5% by weight, based on the polymer used, of water.
摘要:
Water-soluble homopolymers and copolymers of di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkylaminoneopentyl (meth)acrylates, the homopolymers and copolymers having a K value of from 150 to 300, are used as retention agents, drainage agents and flocculants in papermaking. Increased retention, drainage rate and flocculation are achieved in comparison with the conventional basic polyacrylates.