公开(公告)号：US07972536B2

公开(公告)日：2011-07-05

申请号：US12546724

申请日：2009-08-25

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr. ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison ,  Cheol Park ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Zoubeida Ounaies

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr. ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison ,  Cheol Park ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Zoubeida Ounaies

IPC分类号： H01B1/24 ,  C08G69/26 ,  C08K3/04

CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08F2/44 ,  C08G73/10 ,  C08G73/1039 ,  C08G73/1071 ,  C08K5/00 ,  C08K7/24 ,  C08K2201/011 ,  C08L71/123 ,  C09J11/04 ,  H01B1/24 ,  Y10T428/25 ,  Y10T428/29 ,  Y10T428/2904 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2975 ,  C08L71/12

摘要： The present invention is directed to the effective dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into polymer matrices. The nanocomposites are prepared using polymer matrices and exhibit a unique combination of properties, most notably, high retention of optical transparency in the visible range (i.e., 400-800 nm), electrical conductivity, and high thermal stability. By appropriate selection of the matrix resin, additional properties such as vacuum ultraviolet radiation resistance, atomic oxygen resistance, high glass transition (Tg) temperatures, and excellent toughness can be attained. The resulting nanocomposites can be used to fabricate or formulate a variety of articles such as coatings on a variety of substrates, films, foams, fibers, threads, adhesives and fiber coated prepreg. The properties of the nanocomposites can be adjusted by selection of the polymer matrix and CNT to fabricate articles that possess high optical transparency and antistatic behavior.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及碳纳米管（CNT）在聚合物基质中的有效分散。 使用聚合物基质制备纳米复合材料，并且表现出独特的性能组合，最显着的是在可见光范围（即400-800nm）中的高保留光学透明度，导电性和高热稳定性。 通过适当选择基体树脂，可以获得诸如真空紫外线辐射电阻，原子氧电阻，高玻璃化转变温度（Tg）等优异的韧性等附加特性。 所得的纳米复合材料可用于制造或配制各种制品，例如各种基材，薄膜，泡沫，纤维，线，粘合剂和纤维涂层预浸料上的涂层。 可以通过选择聚合物基质和CNT来调节具有高光学透明度和抗静电性能的制品来调节纳米复合材料的性能。

公开(公告)号：US20110086204A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-14

申请号：US12894279

申请日：2010-09-30

申请人： Christopher J. Wohl, JR. ,  Marcus A. Belcher ,  John W. Connell ,  John W. Hopkins

发明人： Christopher J. Wohl, JR. ,  Marcus A. Belcher ,  John W. Connell ,  John W. Hopkins

IPC分类号： B32B3/30 ,  B23K26/00

CPC分类号： B23K26/355 ,  B08B17/065 ,  B23K26/0006 ,  B23K26/354 ,  B23K26/40 ,  B23K2103/10 ,  B23K2103/14 ,  B23K2103/16 ,  B23K2103/42 ,  B23K2103/50 ,  B23K2103/52 ,  B32B38/10 ,  G02B1/12 ,  Y10T156/1064 ,  Y10T428/12993 ,  Y10T428/24355 ,  Y10T428/24479

摘要： Surface energy of a substrate is changed without the need for any template, mask, or additional coating medium applied to the substrate. At least one beam of energy directly ablates a substrate surface to form a predefined topographical pattern at the surface. Each beam of energy has a width of approximately 25 micrometers and an energy of approximately 1-500 microJoules. Features in the topographical pattern have a width of approximately 1-500 micrometers and a height of approximately 1.4-100 micrometers.

摘要翻译： 改变基板的表面能，而不需要施加到基板上的任何模板，掩模或附加涂层介质。 至少一束能量直接烧蚀衬底表面以在表面形成预定的形貌图案。 每个能量束的宽度约为25微米，能量约为1-500微焦耳。 形貌图案中的特征具有约1-500微米的宽度和约1.4-100微米的高度。

公开(公告)号：US07588699B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

申请号：US10288797

申请日：2002-11-01

申请人： Cheol Park ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Zoubeida Ounaies ,  John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

发明人： Cheol Park ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Zoubeida Ounaies ,  John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

IPC分类号： H01B1/24 ,  C01B31/00 ,  B32B9/00

CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08F2/44 ,  C08G73/10 ,  C08G73/1039 ,  C08G73/1071 ,  C08K5/00 ,  C08K7/24 ,  C08K2201/011 ,  C08L71/123 ,  C09J11/04 ,  H01B1/24 ,  Y10T428/25 ,  Y10T428/29 ,  Y10T428/2904 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2975 ,  C08L71/12

摘要： The present invention is directed to the effective dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into polymer matrices. The nanocomposites are prepared using polymer matrices and exhibit a unique combination of properties, most notably, high retention of optical transparency in the visible range (i.e., 400–800 nm), electrical conductivity, and high thermal stability. By appropriate selection of the matrix resin, additional properties such as vacuum ultraviolet radiation resistance, atomic oxygen resistance, high glass transition (Tg) temperatures, and excellent toughness can be attained. The resulting nanocomposites can be used to fabricate or formulate a variety of articles such as coatings on a variety of substrates, films, foams, fibers, threads, adhesives and fiber coated prepreg. The properties of the nanocomposites can be adjusted by selection of the polymer matrix and CNT to fabricate articles that possess high optical transparency and antistatic behavior.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及碳纳米管（CNT）在聚合物基质中的有效分散。 使用聚合物基质制备纳米复合材料，并且表现出独特的性能组合，最显着的是在可见光范围（即400-800nm）中的高保留光学透明度，导电性和高热稳定性。 通过适当选择基体树脂，可以获得诸如真空紫外线辐射电阻，原子氧电阻，高玻璃化转变温度（Tg）等优异的韧性等附加特性。 所得的纳米复合材料可用于制造或配制各种制品，例如各种基材，薄膜，泡沫，纤维，线，粘合剂和纤维涂层预浸料上的涂层。 可以通过选择聚合物基质和CNT来调节具有高光学透明度和抗静电性能的制品来调节纳米复合材料的性能。

公开(公告)号：US20090022977A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-22

申请号：US12174360

申请日：2008-07-16

申请人： Kenneth L. Dudley ,  Holly A. Elliott ,  John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith ,  Sayata Ghose ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Donavon Mark Delozier

发明人： Kenneth L. Dudley ,  Holly A. Elliott ,  John W. Connell ,  Joseph G. Smith ,  Sayata Ghose ,  Kent A. Watson ,  Donavon Mark Delozier

IPC分类号： B32B5/16 ,  C08K3/08

CPC分类号： C08K3/08 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08K2201/011

摘要： A dielectric material includes a network of nanosubstrates, such as but not limited to nanotubes, nanosheets, or other nanomaterials or nanostructures, a polymer base material or matrix, and nanoparticles constructed at least partially of an elemental metal. The network has a predetermined nanosubstrate loading percentage by weight with respect to a total weight of the dielectric material, and a preferential or predetermined longitudinal alignment with respect to an orientation of an incident electrical field. A method of forming the dielectric material includes depositing the metal-based nanoparticles onto the nanosubstrates and subsequently mixing these with a polymer matrix. Once mixed, alignment can be achieved by melt extrusion or a similar mechanical shearing process. Alignment of the nanosubstrate may be in horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the orientation of an incident electrical field.

摘要翻译： 电介质材料包括纳米基层网络，例如但不限于纳米管，纳米片或其它纳米材料或纳米结构，聚合物基材或基体，以及至少部分由元素金属构成的纳米颗粒。 网络具有相对于电介质材料的总重量的预定的纳米基质载荷百分比，以及相对于入射电场的取向的优选或预定的纵向对准。 形成电介质材料的方法包括将金属基纳米颗粒沉积到纳米基板上，随后将其与聚合物基体混合。 一旦混合，可以通过熔体挤出或类似的机械剪切工艺来实现对准。 纳米基板的对准可以相对于入射电场的取向在水平或垂直方向上。

公开(公告)号：US06958192B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-25

申请号：US10414562

申请日：2003-04-07

申请人： Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr. ,  John W. Connell ,  Kent A. Watson

发明人： Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr. ,  John W. Connell ,  Kent A. Watson

IPC分类号： C08G73/10 ,  B32B27/00

CPC分类号： C08G73/1057 ,  C08G73/1039 ,  C08G73/105 ,  Y10T428/31721

摘要： The present invention relates generally to polyimides. It relates particularly to novel polyimides prepared from 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and aromatic diamines. These novel polyimides have low color, good solubility, high thermal emissivity, low solar absorptivity and high tensile strength.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及聚酰亚胺。 特别涉及由2,3,3'，4'-联苯四羧酸二酐和芳族二胺制备的新型聚酰亚胺。 这些新型聚酰亚胺具有颜色低，溶解性好，热发射率高，太阳吸收率低，拉伸强度高。

公开(公告)号：US5412059A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-02

申请号：US45335

申请日：1993-04-05

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr.

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith, Jr.

IPC分类号： C08G73/18 ,  C09J179/04 ,  C08G63/00 ,  C08G8/02

CPC分类号： C08G73/18 ,  C09J179/04 ,  Y10S526/935 ,  Y10T428/31504

摘要： Novel molecular weight controlled and endcapped polybenzimidazoles (PBI) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole) monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The PBI are endcapped with mono(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazoles. The polymerizations are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone or N,N-dimethylacetamide using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. Mono(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazoles are synthesized by reacting phenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate with aromatic (o-diamine)s in diphenylsulfone. Molecular weight controlled and endcapped PBI of new chemical structures are prepared that exhibit a favorable combination of physical and mechanical properties.

摘要翻译： 通过二（羟基苯基苯并咪唑）单体与活性芳族二卤化物或活性芳族二硝基化合物的芳族亲核置换反应制备新型分子量控制和封端的聚苯并咪唑（PBI）。 PBI被单（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑封端。 聚合在极性非质子溶剂如N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮或N，N-二甲基乙酰胺中，使用碱金属碱如碳酸钾，在氮气下在升高的温度下进行。 通过苯基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯与二苯砜中的芳族（邻二胺）反应合成单（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑。 制备新化学结构的分子量控制和封端的PBI，其表现出物理和机械性质的有利组合。

公开(公告)号：US5317078A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US790730

申请日：1991-10-30

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith

IPC分类号： C07D235/18 ,  C08G73/18

CPC分类号： C08G73/18 ,  C07D235/18

摘要： Di(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole monomers were prepared from phenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and aromatic bis(o-diamine)s. These monomers were used in the synthesis of soluble polybenzimidazoles. The reaction involved the aromatic nucleophilic displacement of various di(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds in the presence of an alkali metal base. These polymers exhibited lower glass transition temperatures, improved solubility, and better compression moldability over their commercial counterparts.

摘要翻译： 由苯基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯和芳族双（邻二胺）制备二（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑单体。 这些单体用于合成可溶性聚苯并咪唑。 该反应涉及各种二（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑单体与活性芳族二卤化物或活性芳族二硝基化合物在碱金属碱存在下的芳族亲核取代。 这些聚合物显示出比其商业对应物更低的玻璃化转变温度，改善的溶解性和更好的压模成型性。

公开(公告)号：US5245044A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-14

申请号：US941816

申请日：1992-09-08

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother ,  Joseph G. Smith

IPC分类号： C07D235/18 ,  C08G73/18

CPC分类号： C07D235/18 ,  C08G73/18

摘要： Di(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole monomers were prepared from phenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and aromatic bis(o-diamine)s. These monomers were used in the synthesis of soluble polybenzimidazoles. The reaction involved the aromatic nucleophilic displacement of various di(hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds in the presence of an alkali metal base. These polymers exhibited lower glass transition temperatures, improved solubility, and better compression moldability over their commercial counterparts.

摘要翻译： 由苯基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯和芳族双（邻二胺）制备二（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑单体。 这些单体用于合成可溶性聚苯并咪唑。 该反应涉及各种二（羟基苯基）苯并咪唑单体与活性芳族二卤化物或活性芳族二硝基化合物在碱金属碱存在下的芳族亲核取代。 这些聚合物显示出比其商业对应物更低的玻璃化转变温度，改善的溶解性和更好的压模成型性。

公开(公告)号：US5116934A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-26

申请号：US732884

申请日：1991-07-19

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother

IPC分类号： C07D233/54 ,  C07F9/6506 ,  C08G65/40 ,  C08G73/06 ,  C08G73/18

CPC分类号： C07D233/64 ,  C07F9/65062 ,  C08G65/4037 ,  C08G73/0616 ,  C08G73/18

摘要： Polyimidazoles (Pl) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The reactions are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide, sulfolane, N-methylpyrrolidinone, dimethylsulfoxide, or diphenylsulfone using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. The di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomers are prepared by reacting an aromatic aldehyde with a dimethoxybenzil or by reacting an aromatic dialdehyde with a methoxybenzil in the presence of ammonium acetate. The di(methoxyphenyl)imidazole is subsequently treated with aqueous hydrobromic acid to give the di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomer. This synthetic route has provided high molecular weight Pl of new chemical structure, is economically and sythetically more favorable than other routes, and allows for facile chemical structure variation due to the availability of a large variety of activated aromatic dihalides and dinitro compounds.

摘要翻译： 通过二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体与活性芳族二卤化物或活性芳族二硝基化合物的芳族亲核取代反应制备聚咪唑（P1）。 反应在极性非质子溶剂如N，N-二甲基乙酰胺，环丁砜，N-甲基吡咯烷酮，二甲基亚砜或二苯基砜中，使用碱金属碱如碳酸钾，在氮气下在升高的温度下进行。 二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体是通过使芳族醛与二甲氧基苯甲醚反应或在乙酸铵存在下使芳族二醛与甲氧基苯甲醚反应来制备的。 随后用氢溴酸水溶液处理二（甲氧基苯基）咪唑，得到二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体。 这种合成路线提供了新的化学结构的高分子量P1，在经济上和应用上比其他途径更有利，并且由于大量活性芳族二卤化物和二硝基化合物的可用性而允许容易的化学结构变化。

公开(公告)号：US5066811A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-19

申请号：US508316

申请日：1990-04-12

申请人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother

发明人： John W. Connell ,  Paul M. Hergenrother

IPC分类号： C07D233/54 ,  C07F9/6506 ,  C08G65/40 ,  C08G73/06 ,  C08G73/18

CPC分类号： C07D233/64 ,  C07F9/65062 ,  C08G65/4037 ,  C08G73/0616 ,  C08G73/18

摘要： Polyimidazoles (Pl) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The reactions are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide, sulfolane, N-methylpyrroldinone, dimethylsulfoxide, or diphenylsulfone using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperature under nitrogen. The di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomers are prepared by reacting an aromatic aldehyde with a dimethoxybenzil or by reacting an aromatic dialdehyde with a methoxybenzil in the presence of ammonium acetate. The di(methoxyphenyl)imidazole is subsequently treated with aqueous hydrobromic acid to give the di(hydroxyphenyl)imidazole monomer. This synthetic route has provided high molecular weight Pl of new chemical structure, is economically and synthetically more favorable than other routes, and allows for facile chemical structure variation due to the availability of a large variety of activated aromatic dihalides and dinitro compounds.

摘要翻译： 通过二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体与活性芳族二卤化物或活性芳族二硝基化合物的芳族亲核取代反应制备聚咪唑（P1）。 反应在极性非质子溶剂如N，N-二甲基乙酰胺，环丁砜，N-甲基吡咯烷酮，二甲基亚砜或二苯基砜中，使用碱金属碱如碳酸钾，在升高的温度下在氮气下进行。 二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体是通过使芳族醛与二甲氧基苯甲醚反应或在乙酸铵存在下使芳族二醛与甲氧基苯甲醚反应来制备的。 随后用氢溴酸水溶液处理二（甲氧基苯基）咪唑，得到二（羟基苯基）咪唑单体。 这种合成路线提供了新的化学结构的高分子量Pl，在经济上和综合性上比其他途径更有利，并且由于大量活性芳族二卤化物和二硝基化合物的可用性而允许容易的化学结构变化。