Procedure and control unit to operate a diesel engine
    21.
    发明申请
    Procedure and control unit to operate a diesel engine 有权
    操作柴油机的程序和控制单元

    公开(公告)号:US20080053077A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-03-06

    申请号:US11899108

    申请日:2007-09-04

    IPC分类号: F01N3/10

    摘要: A procedure is introduced to operate a diesel engine (10), which has a catalytic converter (24; 26) with three-way conversion characteristics. The procedure is characterized thereby, in that if the engine rotational speed (n) increases without in the process exceeding an engine rotational speed threshold value (n_S) and the engine's load (mk) is greater than a load threshold value (mk_S), the diesel engine (10) is operated in such a manner that the diesel engine (10) alternately generates an oxidizing and a reductive exhaust gas atmosphere before the catalytic converter (24; 26). Additionally a control unit (14) is introduced, which controls the sequence of the procedure.

    摘要翻译: 引入了具有三相转换特性的催化转化器(24; 26)的柴油发动机(10)的操作程序。 其特征在于,如果发动机转速(n)不超过发动机转速阈值(n_S)并且发动机负载(mk)大于负载阈值(mk_S)的情况下增加,那么, 柴油发动机(10)以使得柴油发动机(10)在催化转化器(24; 26)之前交替地产生氧化还原废气气氛的方式操作。 此外,引入控制单元(14),其控制过程的顺序。

    Process for the preparation of substituted phenylboronic acids
    23.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of substituted phenylboronic acids 失效
    制备取代苯基硼酸的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06576789B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-06-10

    申请号:US09553036

    申请日:2000-04-20

    IPC分类号: C07F502

    CPC分类号: C07F5/025 C07F3/02 Y02P20/55

    摘要: Compounds of the formula (I) in which Q1 and Q2 are each OH or form a trimeric boric anhydride, Z is CHO, CH2Y, X or a protected aldehyde group, and X is CN, COOH, COCl, CONH2 or C(OR)3, and Y is OH or NH2, and Z is in the o-, m- or p-position to the boronic acid radical, are prepared by a) reacting a compound of the formula (II)  with Mg in the presence of an anthracene compound and, if desired, a transition-metal halide and, if desired, an Mg halide or in the presence of a transition-metal halide and, if desired, an Mg halide, to give the corresponding arylmagnesium chloride, b) reacting the latter with a borate of the formula B(OR′)3 and hydrolyzing the product, with removal of the aldehyde protecting group, c) and, if desired, oxidizing or reducing the free aldehyde group.

    摘要翻译: 式(I)化合物,其中Q 1和Q 2各自为OH或形成三聚硼酸酐,Z为CHO,CH 2 Y,X或保护的醛基,X为CN,COOH,COCl,CONH 2或C(OR)3 ,并且Y是OH或NH 2,并且Z与硼酸根在o-,m-或p-位,是通过以下方法制备的:a)在蒽化合物存在下使式(II)化合物与Mg反应制备 如果需要,可以使用过渡金属卤化物,如果需要,还可以在过渡金属卤化物存在下,或者如果需要的话使用卤化镁,得到相应的芳基氯化镁,b)使后者与 式B(OR')3的硼酸盐,并水解产物,除去醛保护基,c),如果需要,氧化或还原游离醛基。

    Distributed digital rights management system and method
    24.
    发明授权
    Distributed digital rights management system and method 有权
    分布式数字版权管理系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08646046B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-02-04

    申请号:US12121558

    申请日:2008-05-15

    IPC分类号: G06F21/00

    CPC分类号: G06F21/10 G06F1/3203

    摘要: A digital rights management system includes an authentication module and a decryption module. If desired, the modules can be implemented in separate integrated circuits. The authentication module retrieves authentication information for protected content and powers down after the authentication information is retrieved. The decryption module decrypts the protected content based on the authentication information while the authentication module is powered down.

    摘要翻译: 数字版权管理系统包括认证模块和解密模块。 如果需要,这些模块可以在单独的集成电路中实现。 验证模块检索受保护内容的认证信息,并在检索认证信息后关闭电源。 解密模块在认证模块断电的同时基于认证信息解密受保护内容。

    METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IN CONNECTION WITH AN EXOTHERMAL REGENERATION OF AN EXHAUST GAS AFTERTREATMENT COMPONENT
    25.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IN CONNECTION WITH AN EXOTHERMAL REGENERATION OF AN EXHAUST GAS AFTERTREATMENT COMPONENT 有权
    用于控制内燃机与排气后处理组件的再热再生相关的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110072785A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-03-31

    申请号:US12889161

    申请日:2010-09-23

    IPC分类号: F01N3/00

    摘要: A method is presented for controlling an internal combustion engine (10), which includes an exhaust gas system (12) having an exhaust gas aftertreatment component (22) that temporarily stores exhaust gas constituents and can be regenerated, wherein an expected value for a temperature of the exhaust gas aftertreatment component (22) is formed as a function of an increase in temperature, which arises as a result of exothermal reactions during the duration of an operating mode (BA2) of the internal combustion engine (10) which is set for the regeneration of said exhaust gas aftertreatment component (22), wherein the expected value is compared with an upper threshold value (T_max) and the control of said internal combustion engine (10) is changed when the threshold value (T_max) is exceeded, such that an expected value formed while taking the changed control into account does not exceed said threshold value (T_max). The method is thereby characterized in that a direction of change of a current temperature of said exhaust gas aftertreatment component (22) is taken into account when forming the expected value.

    摘要翻译: 提出了一种用于控制内燃机(10)的方法,该内燃机(10)包括具有临时存储排气成分并可再生的废气后处理部件(22)的排气系统(12),其中温度的期望值 废气后处理部件(22)的形成是随着内燃机(10)的操作模式(BA2)持续期间由于放热反应而引起的温度升高的函数,该内燃机设定为 所述废气后处理部件(22)的再生,其中,当超过所述阈值(T_max)时,所述预期值与上限阈值(T_max)进行比较,并且所述内燃机(10)的控制被改变, 在考虑改变的控制时形成的期望值不超过所述阈值(T_max)。 因此,该方法的特征在于,当形成预期值时,考虑所述废气后处理部件(22)的当前温度的变化方向。

    Method for operating an internal combustion engine
    28.
    发明授权
    Method for operating an internal combustion engine 有权
    操作内燃机的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07337658B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-03-04

    申请号:US10555127

    申请日:2004-04-06

    IPC分类号: G01M15/00

    摘要: A method is described for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. In the method, a lean air/fuel mixture is burned in a combustion chamber; nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are stored in an accumulator-type catalytic converter; a storage efficiency, with which the accumulator-type catalytic converter stores the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas, is ascertained; and the storage efficiency is ascertained as a function of an instantaneous space velocity of the exhaust gases in the accumulator-type catalytic converter. Two efficiencies are ascertained at least as a function of the temperature of the accumulator-type catalytic converter and a space velocity. One of the two efficiencies is ascertained for a great space velocity, and the other efficiency is ascertained for a small space velocity. The storage efficiency is ascertained as a function of the instantaneous space velocity from the two efficiencies.

    摘要翻译: 描述了用于操作内燃机,特别是机动车辆的方法。 在该方法中,稀薄空气/燃料混合物在燃烧室中燃烧; 废气中含有的氮氧化物被储存在蓄能式催化转化器中; 确定蓄液式催化转化器储存废气中所含的氮氧化物的储存效率; 并且存储效率被确定为蓄能式催化转化器中废气的瞬时空速的函数。 至少根据蓄能式催化转化器的温度和空间速度来确定两个效率。 确定两个效率中的一个是很大的空间速度,另一个效率被确定为一个小的空间速度。 存储效率被确定为来自两种效率的瞬时空间速度的函数。

    Method For Producing Nitriles By Elimination Of Water From Aldehyde Oximes With Alkylphosphonic Anhydrides
    29.
    发明申请
    Method For Producing Nitriles By Elimination Of Water From Aldehyde Oximes With Alkylphosphonic Anhydrides 有权
    通过用烷基膦酸酐从醛消除水中产生腈的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080033186A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-02-07

    申请号:US11579938

    申请日:2005-06-04

    IPC分类号: C07D307/66 C07C291/00

    摘要: The invention relates to a method for producing the nitrites of formula: R1—CN by reacting aldehyde oximes (R1CN═N—OH) with cyclic alkylphosphonic anhydrides at a temperature ranging from −100 to +120° C., wherein R1 represents H, a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl, alkenyl or an aryl or heteroaryl group. The cyclic phosphonic anhydride preferably used is a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide of formula (I), wherein R′ independently represents allyl, aryl or open-chain or branched C1 to C12 alkyl groups. Optionally, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine base NR23

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种通过使醛肟(R 1 -CN-N-OH)与环状烷基膦酸酐反应生成下式的亚硝酸酯的方法:R 1 -C 温度范围为-100至+ 120℃,其中R 1表示H,直链或支链C 1 -C 12烷基 C 3 -C 10环烷基,烯基或芳基或杂芳基。 优选使用的环状膦酸酐是式(I)的2,4,6-取代的1,3,5,2,4,6-三氧杂三磷杂环己烷-2,4,6-三氧化物,其中R'独立地表示烯丙基,芳基 或开链或支链C 1至C 12烷基。 任选地,反应可以在叔胺碱NR 2 SO 3存在下进行,

    Method for Producing Alkenses by the Elimination of Water from Alcohols, Using Alkylphosphonic Acid Anhydrides
    30.
    发明申请
    Method for Producing Alkenses by the Elimination of Water from Alcohols, Using Alkylphosphonic Acid Anhydrides 审中-公开
    通过使用烷基膦酸酐从醇中除去水来生产Alkenses的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080027262A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-01-31

    申请号:US11579937

    申请日:2005-06-04

    摘要: The invention relates to a method for producing alkenes of formula R1R2C═CR3R4 by the reaction of a) primary alcolhols (R1R2CHCH2—OH) or b) secondary alcohols (R1R2CHCHR3—OH) or c) tertiary alcohols (R1R2CH—CR3R4OH) with cyclic alkylphosphonic acid anhydrides at a temperature ranging between −100 and +120° C., whereby R and/or R1 and/or R2 and/or R3 and/or R4 represent H, a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, or a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, alkenyl group or an aryl group or heteroaryl group. Preferably, a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide of formula (I) is used as the cyclic phosphonic acid anhydride, where R′ represents, (independently of one another), allyl, aryl or open-chained or branched C1-C12 alkyl groups. Optionally the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine base NR53.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种制备式R 1 R 2 C-CR 3 R 4的链段的方法,其中R 1,R 2,R 3,R 3,R 4, a)初级醇(R 1)2 CH 2 CH 2 -OH的反应)或b)仲醇(R 1, / c)叔醇(R 1,R 2,R 2,R 2,R 3, 在0℃〜+ 120℃的温度范围内与环状烷基膦酸酐反应,由此R和/或R 1, 和/或R 2和/或R 3和/或R 4代表H,直链或支链C 1 -C 6烷基, C 1 -C 12烷基或C 3 -C 10环烷基,烯基或芳基或杂芳基 组。 优选地,式(I)的2,4,6-取代的1,3,5,2,4,6-三氧杂三磷杂环己烷-2,4,6-三氧化物用作环状膦酸酐,其中R'表示, (彼此独立地),烯丙基,芳基或开链或支链C 1 -C 12烷基。 任选地,反应可以在叔胺碱NR 5 SO 3存在下进行。