摘要:
An X-ray projection exposure apparatus includes a mask chuck, a wafer chuck, an X-ray illuminating system, and an X-ray projection system. The masks chuck holds a reflection X-ray mask having a mask pattern thereon. The wafer chuck holds a wafer onto which the mask pattern is transferred. The X-ray illuminating system illuminates the reflection X-ray mask, held by the mask chuck, with X-rays. The X-ray projection optical system projects the mask pattern of the reflection X-ray mask onto the wafer held by the wafer chuck with a predetermined magnification. The mask chuck includes a mechanism for generating static electricity for attracting and holding the reflection X-ray mask by an electrostatic force. The invention also includes a device manufacturing method using such an X-ray projection exposure apparatus to transfer a mask pattern onto the wafer using the X-ray projection exposure apparatus.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory production system is provided, capable of holding the data necessary for process analysis for each lot in chronological order using a small amount of information, and which enables production management based on data that has been stored previously without performing new measurements. The semiconductor memory production system comprises: an LSI tester 1 that tests semiconductor memory and outputs the addresses of memory cells for each chip and a pass/fail bitmap corresponding to these addresses, and a process defect estimating device 34 that extracts the bit addresses of fail bits from the bitmap, and determines replacement addresses of word lines and bit lines to be replaced by redundant word lines and redundant bit lines in the redundant memory section, and estimates process defects from statistical analysis of the distribution condition of each chip on each wafer. Through this estimated result, feedback to the manufacturing line/process step prevents from producing defects frequently.
摘要:
An X-ray mask includes a mask pattern formed on a surface, a detachable protection cover attached on the surface for forming a dust-proof space for protecting the mask pattern, the protection cover being detached when the mask pattern is exposed with X-rays, and a hole for ventilating between the dust-proof space and an outer atmosphere.
摘要:
A communication control apparatus includes a master communication control unit for performing communication control for a plurality of slave units, and an intermediate communication control unit which performs the communication control for each slave unit instead of the master communication control unit. The intermediate communication control unit includes a memory section for holding transmission data necessary for slave unit communication processing and response data, which is a response to the transmission data, a transmission/reception section for sending the transmission data and for receiving the response data, and a communication processing control section. The communication processing control sections sends the transmission data in a predetermined order to the slave unit, which writes the response data received in a predetermined order into the memory section, and notifies the master communication control unit of the completion of the communication processing by using an interruption signal when the communication processing is completed.
摘要:
The survival and proliferation of Schwann cells can be promoted by culturing such cells in the presence of peptides derived from the EGF-like domain of proteins from the NDF/heregulin family. Colon epithelial cells can be stimulated to multiply and differentiate by culturing such cells in the presence of the same peptides.
摘要:
Schwann cells can be treated in vivo to survive longer and to proliferate by contacting them with peptides derived from the EGF-like domain of proteins of the NDF/heregulin family.
摘要:
A mask and a mask supporting mechanism wherein the outside periphery of a mask frame, having a rectangular shape, which supports the mask, is supported at three supporting points which are substantially the same distance from the center line of a mask membrane, whereby the mask frame is positioned with respect to X, Y and .theta. directions. Two pressing mechanisms press the mask frame at two points substantially opposed to two of the supporting points. The mask is supported at three points on the bottom surface thereof for positioning in the Z direction.
摘要:
A mask for exposure is supported at three positions on a holding surface of a mask chuck of an X-ray exposure apparatus by means of kinematic mounting. Magnetic units, each comprising an electromagnet, and magnetic rings are provided around supporting points at the three,positions on the mask chuck and on the mask frame, respectively. It is thereby possible to generate a tensile force to magnetically attract the mask frame in the direction of the normal of the holding surface of the mask chuck, and to attract and hold the mask on the mask chuck. Thus, the mask can be chucked on the X-ray exposure apparatus in substantially the same state as that of a mechanical clamp on an electron beam (EB) scanning apparatus while the mask is manufactured, without using a mechanical clamping mechanism.
摘要:
A wafer cooling device includes a wafer chuck; a heat exchanger having an internal structure for circulation of cooling water therethrough; and a flexible heat pipe for providing heat communication between the wafer chuck and the heat exchanger.
摘要:
A first magnetic layer is formed upon a non-magnetic substrate, a gap layer is formed upon the first magnetic layer, a conductor coil covered with an insulation layer is formed upon the gap layer, a second magnetic layer is formed upon the gap layer and the insulation layer, a magnetic gap being formed between the first and second magnetic layers at a front portion facing a recording medium, and the second magnetic layer being connected to the first magnetic layer at a back portion. After forming a mask made of metal oxide upon the second magnetic layer, the second magnetic layer, the gap layer, and the first magnetic layer are formed into a predetermined shape respectively at the tip portion by dry etching. Thus, a high performance thin-film magnetic head having the same widths for the first and second magnetic layers is obtained.