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    Process for the production of dinitrate esters
    21.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of dinitrate esters 失效
    生产硝酸酯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US6072071A

    公开(公告)日：2000-06-06

    申请号：US254269

    申请日：1999-03-03

    Applicant: Martin E Colclough ,  Andrew Pelter

    Inventor： Martin E Colclough ,  Andrew Pelter

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04 ,  C07F5/02 ,  C07F7/18

    CPC classification number: C07F7/1852 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04

    Abstract: 1,2 and 1,3-dinitrate esters are prepared from polyols containing 1,2- or 1,3-diol fragments using an alkyl or aryl boronic acid to form a cyclic boronate ester derivative which is then reacted with dinitrogen pentoxide to directly generate the dinitrate ester. In the cyclic ester from the 1,2- or 1,3-hydroxyl groups are protected and other reactions may then be carried out on other parts of the molecule of which the fragment form a part, leaving the dinitrate ester to be produced subsequently in the final step. High yields are obtained at both stages.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB97 / 02324 Sec。 371日期1999年3月3日 102（e）1999年3月3日PCT PCT 1997年9月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO98 / 09937 1991年3月12日授权日，1992年3月12日和12日，使用烷基或芳基硼酸制备含有1,2-或1,3-二醇片段的多元醇的1,3-二硝酸酯，形成环状硼酸酯衍生物，然后与 五氧化二氮直接生成二硝酸酯。 在来自1,2-或1,3-羟基的环酯中被保护，然后可以在分子的其它部分进行其它反应，其中片段形成一部分，留下硝酸酯酯随后在 最后一步。 在两个阶段获得高产率。

    Process for preparing multiply fluorinated nitrobenzenes
    24.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing multiply fluorinated nitrobenzenes 失效
    多氟化硝基苯的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5502260A

    公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

    申请号：US276951

    申请日：1994-07-19

    Applicant: Thomas Schach ,  Theodor Papenfuhs

    Inventor： Thomas Schach ,  Theodor Papenfuhs

    IPC: B01J31/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/12

    Abstract: Multiply, preferably doubly or triply, fluorinated nitrobenzenes are prepared in an advantageous way from the corresponding chloronitrobenzenes and an alkali metal fluoride in a chlorine-fluorine exchange reaction by catalyzing the reaction with a quaternary ammonium compound comprising at least one alkoxypolyoxyalkyl radical.

    Abstract translation: 通过催化与包含至少一个烷氧基聚氧烷基的季铵化合物的反应，以有利的方式从相应的氯硝基苯和碱金属氟化物在氯 - 氟交换反应中制备双重或三重的氟化硝基苯。

    Nitration of alkanols
    25.
    发明授权
    Nitration of alkanols 失效
    链烷醇的硝化

    公开(公告)号：US5162568A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-10

    申请号：US180638

    申请日：1988-04-06

    Applicant: Charles F. Douty

    Inventor： Charles F. Douty

    IPC: C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04

    CPC classification number: C07C201/02

    Abstract: A process for nitrating alkanols containing 5-13 carbon atoms is disclosed. The nitation takes place at 15.degree.-45.degree. C. using a mixed acid containing 20-30% nitric acid, 55-60% sulfuric acid and 15-20% water, and 2-5%, based on mixed acid, of a stabilizer selected from the class consisting of urea, sulfamic acid and hydrazine.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于硝化含有5-13个碳原子的链烷醇的方法。 使用含有20-30％硝酸，55-60％硫酸和15-20％水的混合酸和基于混合酸的2-5％的混合酸，在15°-45℃下进行该反应， 稳定剂选自尿素，氨基磺酸和肼类。

    Process for the production of high energy materials
    26.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of high energy materials 失效
    高能材料生产工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4985584A

    公开(公告)日：1991-01-15

    申请号：US923054

    申请日：1986-10-27

    Applicant: Ross W. Millar ,  Norman C. Paul ,  David H. Richards

    Inventor： Ross W. Millar ,  Norman C. Paul ,  David H. Richards

    IPC: C06B25/00 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04 ,  C07C203/06 ,  C07C203/08 ,  C07D251/66 ,  C07F9/6593 ,  C08C19/40

    CPC classification number: C07D251/66 ,  C06B25/00 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C243/02 ,  C07C253/30 ,  C07C269/06 ,  C07C273/1854 ,  C07C277/00 ,  C07F9/65815 ,  C08C19/40

    Abstract: A process for the production of a high energy nitrate ester involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound, selected from oxiranes, oxetanes, N-substituted aziridines and N-substituted azetidines, with either N.sub.2 O.sub.4 or N.sub.2 O.sub.5, and when the compound is reacted with N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N-nitrate substituents or substituent in the product to O- or N-nitrate substituent or substituents. The remaining ring carbon atoms on the heterocyclic compound may be substituted or unsubstituted. Preferred substituent groups for the C and/or N ring atoms on the compound include alkyl, cyanoalkyl, haloalkyl, nitroalkyl, and substituted aryl.Several novel nitrate ester are also provided, including nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by vicinal nitrate ester (--ONO.sub.2) groups.

    Abstract translation: 制备高能硝酸酯的方法包括在惰性有机溶剂中使选自环氧乙烷，氧杂环丁烷，N-取代的氮丙啶和N-取代的氮杂环丁烷与杂环化合物与N 2 O 4或N 2 O 5反应，当化合物 与N2O4反应，将产物中的O-或N-硝酸盐取代基或取代基氧化成O-或N-硝酸盐取代基。 杂环化合物上的剩余环碳原子可以是取代或未取代的。 化合物上C和/或N环原子的优选取代基包括烷基，氰基烷基，卤代烷基，硝基烷基和取代的芳基。 还提供了几种新的硝酸酯，包括聚丁二烯的硝化衍生物，其中聚合物中1％至25％的碳原子被连位硝酸酯（-ONO 2）基团取代。

    Process for the manufacture of nitric acid esters
    27.
    发明授权
    Process for the manufacture of nitric acid esters 失效
    制造硝酸酯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4853157A

    公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

    申请号：US620624

    申请日：1984-06-14

    Applicant: Anthony J. Stiff

    Inventor： Anthony J. Stiff

    IPC: C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/02 ,  C07C203/04

    CPC classification number: C07C201/02

    Abstract: A process for the preparation of nitric acid esters of organic hydroxy compounds by reacting an organic hydroxy compound with nitric acid in the presence of both sulphuric acid and in a solvent, followed by separating off the spent acid, substantially neutralizing the residual acidity of the organic solution, and removing solvent to leave the organic nitrate. From 95% to 220% of the stoichiometric requirement of nitric acid for complete nitration is used. The mole ratio of water to sulphuric acid at the end of the reaction is from 0.2:1 to 2.5:1. From 200 to 2000 ml of solvent per mole of hydroxy group is present. Yields of at least 92% are obtained. The invention is particularly suitable for the preparation of alkyl nitrates, alkylene or polyalkylene glycol, monoalkyl ether mononitrates, alkylene or polyalkylene glycol dinitrates, diol nitrates, nitrates containing homocyclic or heterocyclic rings, or nitrates derived from polyols.

    Abstract translation: 通过有机羟基化合物与硝酸在硫酸和溶剂中的存在下反应制备有机羟基化合物的硝酸酯的方法，然后分离废酸，基本中和有机羟基化合物的残余酸度 溶液和去除溶剂以留下有机硝酸盐。 使用硝酸完全硝化的化学计量要求的95％至220％。 反应结束时水与硫酸的摩尔比为0.2：1至2.5：1。 存在每摩尔羟基200至2000ml溶剂。 产率至少为92％。 本发明特别适用于制备烷基硝酸盐，亚烷基或聚亚烷基二醇，单烷基醚单硝酸盐，亚烷基二醇二烷基二醇酯，二醇硝酸盐，含有环状或杂环的硝酸盐，或衍生自多元醇的硝酸盐。

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