公开(公告)号：US06337102B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-08

申请号：US08972156

申请日：1997-11-17

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir S. Ban

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir S. Ban

IPC: C23C1406

CPC classification number: C23C14/50 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/54 ,  C23C14/568 ,  C23C16/30 ,  C23C16/45561 ,  H01L51/0002 ,  H01L51/001 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/56

Abstract: Methods for preparing organic thin films on substrates, the method comprising the steps of providing a plurality of organic precursors in the vapor phase, and reacting the plurality or organic precursors at a sub-atmospheric pressure. Also included are thin films made by such a method and apparatuses used to conduct such a method. The method is well-suited to the formation of organic light emitting devices and other display-related technologies.

Abstract translation: 用于在基底上制备有机薄膜的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：在气相中提供多种有机前体，并使所述多个或有机前体在亚大气压下反应。 还包括通过用于进行这种方法的这种方法和装置制成的薄膜。 该方法非常适合于形成有机发光器件和其他显示相关技术。

公开(公告)号：US06264805B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US08872560

申请日：1997-06-10

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

IPC: C23C1434

CPC classification number: H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

Abstract translation: 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US06210814B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09152962

申请日：1998-09-14

Applicant: Mark Thompson ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Andrei Shoustikov

Inventor： Mark Thompson ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Andrei Shoustikov

IPC: H05B3312

CPC classification number: C09K11/06 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0062 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: An emissive layer in an organic light emitting device comprising a heterostructure comprises a host material, an emissive molecule, present as a dopant in said host material, adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied across the heterostructure; and a polarization molecule, present as a dopant in said host material and having a dipole moment, that affects the wavelength of light emitted when said emissive dopant molecule luminesces, wherein said polarization molecule is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylparanitroaniline, certain polyphenyls, certain stilbenes, certain fluorenes, and certain diphenylacetylenes, and a method for making same.

Abstract translation: 包含异质结构的有机发光器件中的发射层包括主体材料，在所述主体材料中作为掺杂剂存在的发光分子，其适于在跨异质结构施加电压时发光; 以及极化分子，其在所述主体材料中作为掺杂剂存在并具有偶极矩，其影响当所述发射掺杂剂分子发光时发射的光的波长，其中所述极化分子选自N，N-二甲基对硝基苯胺， 某些聚苯，某些二苯乙烯，某些芴和某些二苯基乙炔，及其制备方法。

公开(公告)号：US6160828A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US10594

申请日：1998-01-22

Applicant: Vladimir Kozlov ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic

Inventor： Vladimir Kozlov ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic

IPC: H01S3/063 ,  H01S5/04 ,  H01S5/183 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01S5/36 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/05

CPC classification number: H01S5/36 ,  H01S5/041 ,  H01S5/142 ,  H01S5/183 ,  H01S5/18366

Abstract: Organic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers ("OVCSELs"), in which a thin layer of organic material is disposed between highly reflective mirrors to thereby form a vertical cavity within a stacked arrangement. The lasers of the present invention each comprise a first mirror layer; a layer of active organic material over the first mirror layer; and a second mirror layer over the layer of first active organic material. The active organic material lases when pumped to thereby produce laser light. The present invention provides for optical semiconductor lasers with desired properties such as narrow bandwidth emission, the minimal use of active organic materials, and the facilitation of wavelength tuning and electrical pumping.

Abstract translation: 有机垂直腔表面发射激光器（“OVCSEL”），其中有机材料薄层设置在高反射镜之间，从而在堆叠布置内形成垂直腔。 本发明的激光器各自包括第一镜层; 在第一镜面层上的活性有机材料层; 以及在所述第一活性有机材料层上的第二镜层。 当泵送时，活性有机材料发光，从而产生激光。 本发明提供具有所需性能的光学半导体激光器，例如窄带宽发射，活性有机材料的最小使用以及促进波长调谐和电泵浦。

公开(公告)号：US6091195A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-18

申请号：US794595

申请日：1997-02-03

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Dmitri Z. Garbuzov

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Dmitri Z. Garbuzov

IPC: H01J1/62 ,  H05B33/14

CPC classification number: H01L51/5271

Abstract: A multicolor organic light emitting display device employs angle-walled blue, green and red emitting mesas, with optional metal reflectors on the angled walls, in a plurality of pixels. The angle-walled mesas, which resemble truncated pyramids, direct light out of the mesa by reflection from the mesa side walls or by mirror reflection. The device of the present invention reduces waveguiding, thus simultaneously increasing both display brightness and resolution.

公开(公告)号：US6045930A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US850264

申请日：1997-05-02

Applicant: Mark E. Thompson ,  Jon A. Cronin ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

Inventor： Mark E. Thompson ,  Jon A. Cronin ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H05B33/13

CPC classification number: H01L51/0059 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0082 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  H01L2251/5315 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/5206 ,  H01L51/5281 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic light emitting devices in which emitting layers (EL) comprise a suitable receiving compound according to Formulas I and II: ##STR1## wherein M is an ion of a divalent or trivalent metal atom, wherein n=3 when M is trivalent, and n=2 when M is divalent, wherein the metal atom is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, indium, and zinc, and wherein X, Y, and Z are each individually and independently C or N, such that at least two of X, Y and Z are N; and ##STR2## wherein R is alkyl, phenyl, substituted alkyl, substituted phenyl, trimethylsilyl, or substituted trimethylsilyl.Also disclosed are OLED's utilizing device elements comprising the above compounds and display devices based on those OLED's.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了有机发光器件，其中发光层（EL）包含根据式I和II的合适的接收化合物：其中M是二价或三价金属原子的离子，其中当M为三价时n = 3，n 当M为二价时，= 2，其中金属原子选自铝，镓，铟和锌，并且其中X，Y和Z各自独立地为C或N，使得至少两个 X，Y，Z为N; 并且其中R是烷基，苯基，取代的烷基，取代的苯基，三甲基甲硅烷基或取代的三甲基甲硅烷基。 还公开了OLED利用包含上述化合物的器件元件和基于这些OLED的显示器件。

公开(公告)号：US6013538A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-11

申请号：US977205

申请日：1997-11-24

Applicant: Paul Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Peifang Tian

Inventor： Paul Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Peifang Tian

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/40 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L29/12

CPC classification number: H01L51/5253 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0014 ,  H01L51/56

Abstract: A multiple layer patterning system with an undercut allows the deposition of a material onto a substrate from a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate, followed by the angular deposition of a protective cap. Because of the angular deposition, the protective cap extends into the undercut and completely covers and surrounds any previously exposed surface of the material. The material is thereby protected from subsequent exposure to substances that may be deleterious.

Abstract translation: 具有底切的多层图案化系统允许从基本上垂直于衬底的方向将材料沉积到衬底上，随后保护盖的角度沉积。 由于角度沉积，保护盖延伸到底切中，并完全覆盖并包围材料的任何先前暴露的表面。 从而防止材料随后暴露于可能有害的物质。

公开(公告)号：US5981306A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US928800

申请日：1997-09-12

Applicant: Paul Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Zilan Shen

Inventor： Paul Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Zilan Shen

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/40

CPC classification number: H01L51/0021 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/5206 ,  H01L51/5221 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  H01L2251/5315 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/5281

Abstract: A method is disclosed for fabricating organic light emitting devices (OLEDS) containing an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer that is deposited onto a fragile layer. The ITO layer is fabricated using a low, non-damaging, ITO deposition rate until a protective ITO layer is formed, at which point the ITO deposition rate is increased to a substantially higher deposition rate without causing damage to the underlying layers. OLEDs fabricated using the accelerated ITO deposition rate could be made with I-V characteristics having no practically discernible difference from the I-V characteristics of an OLED in which the ITO deposition rate was kept at a low deposition rate throughout the ITO deposition process.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于制造含有沉积在易碎层上的氧化铟锡（ITO）层的有机发光器件（OLEDS）的方法。 使用低的，非破坏性的ITO沉积速率制造ITO层，直到形成保护性ITO层，此时，ITO沉积速率增加到显着更高的沉积速率，而不会对下面的层造成损害。 使用加速的ITO沉积速率制造的OLED可以用I-V特性进行，其中在ITO沉积过程中ITO沉积速率保持在低沉积速率的OLED的I-V特性上没有实际可辨别的差异。

公开(公告)号：US5874803A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-23

申请号：US925403

申请日：1997-09-09

Applicant: Dmitri Z. Garbuzov ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

Inventor： Dmitri Z. Garbuzov ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01J1/62

CPC classification number: H01L51/5203 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/5262 ,  H01L2251/5315 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0079 ,  H01L51/5206 ,  H01L51/5281

Abstract: Monochromatic and multicolor light emitting devices which make use of phosphor layers to downconvert light emitted from organic light emitting materials into different, more desired colors. The light emitting devices of the present invention are used in a variety of applications to provide displays with high brightnesses and efficiencies.

Abstract translation: 使用荧光体层的单色和多色发光器件将从有机发光材料发射的光下转换成不同的更期望的颜色。 本发明的发光器件用于各种应用中以提供高亮度和高效率的显示器。

公开(公告)号：US5655041A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US549434

申请日：1995-10-27

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Chih-Ping Chao

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Chih-Ping Chao

IPC: G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/42

CPC classification number: G02B6/4225 ,  G02B6/30

Abstract: A method and apparatus for aligning optical fibers to light input and output ports or ends of a semiconductor waveguide device includes forming an LED diode in the associated substrate proximate each associated port. Each LED is positioned emitting light from the primary output mode position of its associated port. During alignment of an optical fiber to a given port, one end of the fiber is adjustably positioned adjacent the light output/input area at the given port in close contact thereto, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected to an input of an optical power meter the associated LED is energized, and the one end of the optical fiber is adjusted in position to maximize the light output intensity or power detected by the meter.

Abstract translation: 用于将光纤对准到光输入和输出端口或半导体波导器件的端部的方法和设备包括在每个相关联的端口附近在相关联的衬底中形成LED二极管。 每个LED被定位为从其相关联的端口的主输出模式位置发射光。 在将光纤对准给定端口的过程中，光纤的一端可与位于给定端口处的光输出/输入区域相邻地可调节地定位，并且光纤的另一端连接到 光功率计相关联的LED被激励，并且光纤的一端被调整到位置以最大化由光度计检测到的光输出强度或功率。