公开(公告)号：US11796872B1

公开(公告)日：2023-10-24

申请号：US17459718

申请日：2021-08-27

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Ziqian He ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Kaikai Guo ,  Yuan Chen

IPC: G02F1/135 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02F1/139

CPC classification number: G02F1/135 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B27/0101 ,  G02F1/0136 ,  G02F1/1396 ,  G02F1/133638 ,  G02F2203/01 ,  G02F2413/01 ,  G02F2413/05 ,  G02F2413/12

Abstract: A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. A twisted nematic cell may be optically interposed between the fLCOS panel and the waveguide. A birefringent crystal may be optically interposed between the cell and the waveguide. The cell may have a first state in which the cell transmits the image light with a first polarization and a second state in which the cell transmits the image light with a second polarization. The crystal may transmit the image light within spatially offset beams based on polarization. In another arrangement, a quarter waveplate may be optically interposed between the cell and the waveguide and a geometric phase grating may be optically interposed between the quarter waveplate and the waveguide. Control circuitry may toggle the cell between the first and second states to maximize the effective resolution of images at an eye box.

公开(公告)号：US11778858B1

公开(公告)日：2023-10-03

申请号：US17517463

申请日：2021-11-02

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Tae Woon Cha ,  Jie Li ,  Junhwan Lim ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Guanjun Tan ,  Giovanni Carbone ,  Jose A. Dominguez-Caballero ,  Thanh Son Nguyen

IPC: H10K50/858 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  H10K59/38 ,  H10K59/35

CPC classification number: H10K50/858 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133526 ,  H10K59/353 ,  H10K59/38

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display with an array of display pixels. To increase the efficiency of the display, the display may also include an array of microlenses. Each microlens may overlap and focus light from a respective pixel. Pixels for one of the colors of light may have a high aspect ratio. These pixels may be covered by two microlenses or a single cylindrical microlens. The microlens dimensions may be tuned to mitigate non-uniformities in the brightness profiles of the pixels. The microlens edges may be laterally shifted towards or away from the center of the light-emitting areas to either reduce or increase the focusing power of the microlens. The microlenses and color filter elements in each pixel may also be shifted to account for the chief ray angle of the display.

公开(公告)号：US20230152620A1

公开(公告)日：2023-05-18

申请号：US18156587

申请日：2023-01-19

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Donald R. Monroe ,  Peter F. Masschelein ,  Stephen B. Lynch ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/01 ,  B60J3/00 ,  B60J3/04

CPC classification number: G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/13737 ,  G02F1/133365 ,  G02F1/0121 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  B60J3/007 ,  B60J3/04 ,  G02F2203/01

Abstract: A system such as a vehicle, building, or electronic device system may have a support structure with one or more windows. The support structure and window may separate an interior region within the system from a surrounding exterior region. Control circuitry may receive input such as user input and may adjust an adjustable layer in the window based on the input. The adjustable layer may have a polymer matrix layer with embedded cells. The cells may include intermixed guest-host liquid crystal cells and liquid crystal cells. The guest-host liquid crystal cells and liquid crystal cells may have different liquid crystal materials and/or different sizes that allow the guest-host liquid crystal cells and liquid crystal cells to electrically switch states at different respective threshold voltages. Based on the user input or other input the control circuitry can adjust a drive signal across the adjustable layer to change light transmittance and haze.

公开(公告)号：US11105963B1

公开(公告)日：2021-08-31

申请号：US15454195

申请日：2017-03-09

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Bennett S. Wilburn ,  Cheng Chen ,  Michael Slootsky ,  Shuang Wang ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/29 ,  G02B3/14 ,  G02B5/20 ,  G02B15/14 ,  G02B27/28 ,  G02B30/25

Abstract: Optical systems may have tunable lenses with focal lengths that are adjusted by control circuitry. A display may produce image light that is received by a tunable lens. The display may be transparent so that light from objects can pass through the display and be received by the tunable lens. The tunable lens may include a birefringent lens element and a polarization rotator and may receive light that has been linearly polarized by passing through a linear polarizer. The polarization rotator may be operable in a first state in which the polarization of light passing through the polarization rotator is not rotated and a second state in which the polarization of light passing through the polarization rotator is rotated by 90°. The birefringent lens element may be formed from a cured liquid crystal polymer or other polymer and may have a liquid crystal additive to enhance birefringence.

公开(公告)号：US10690970B2

公开(公告)日：2020-06-23

申请号：US15260082

申请日：2016-09-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Cheng Chen ,  Da Yu ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Tae Woon Cha ,  Yeon Sik Ham ,  Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Hossein Nemati

IPC: G02F1/1339 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G06F3/041

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have main column spacers and subspacer column spacers. The column spacers may have cross shapes formed from overlapping perpendicular rectangular column spacer portions respectively located on a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. The column spacers may have a hybrid configuration in which some of the rectangular portions on the thin-film transistor layer extend vertically and some extend horizontally. Column spacers may be formed from planarization layer material, may be formed from locally thickened portions of a planarization layer, and may have circular shapes.

公开(公告)号：US10649248B1

公开(公告)日：2020-05-12

申请号：US15839195

申请日：2017-12-12

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Shih-Wei Chang ,  Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/13357 ,  H04N7/14 ,  H04N5/225 ,  H04N5/232

Abstract: A display may have display layers such as liquid crystal display layers having a liquid crystal layer interposed between a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer or organic light-emitting diode layers having organic light-emitting diodes formed from thin-film transistor circuitry. The display layers may be configured to form an array of pixels that display images and may include a polarizer. An angle-of-view adjustment layer may overlap the display layers. The angle-of-view adjustment layer may include one or more liquid crystal layers. A first polarizer may be interposed between first and second liquid crystal layers and the second liquid crystal layer may be overlapped by a second polarizer. The first and second polarizers may have pass axes that are aligned with a pass axis of the polarizer in the display layers. One or more liquid crystal layers in the angle-of-view adjustment layer may include dichroic dye.

公开(公告)号：US20180292713A1

公开(公告)日：2018-10-11

申请号：US15693305

申请日：2017-08-31

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jean-Jacques P. Drolet ,  Yuan Chen ,  Jonathan S. Steckel ,  Ion Bita ,  Dmitry S. Sizov ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  John T. Leonard ,  Lai Wang ,  Ove Lyngnes ,  Xiaobin Xin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1343

Abstract: A display may have display layers that form an array of pixels. The display layers may include a first layer that includes a light-blocking matrix and a second layer that overlaps the first layer. The first layer may include quantum dot elements formed in openings in the light-blocking matrix. The light-blocking matrix may be formed from a reflective material such as metal. The second layer may include color filter elements that overlap corresponding quantum dot elements in the first layer. Substrate layers may be used to support the first and second layers and to support thin-film transistor circuitry that is used in controlling light transmission through the array of pixels. The display layers may include a liquid crystal layer, polarizer layers, filter layers for reflecting red and green light and/or other light to enhance light recycling, and layers with angularly dependent transmission characteristics.

公开(公告)号：US20180246363A1

公开(公告)日：2018-08-30

申请号：US15967441

申请日：2018-04-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hossein Nemati ,  Pei-En Chang ,  Yuan Chen ,  Tae Woon Cha ,  Sung H. Kim ,  Chia Hsuan Tai

IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  H01L27/12 ,  G02F1/1345 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F1/136213 ,  G02F1/167 ,  G06F1/1652 ,  H01L27/1218

Abstract: An electronic device may have a housing and a display in the housing. The display may have one or more curved edges such as curved edges associated with rounded corners in the display and housing. The display may have an array of pixels. The display may include full-strength pixels and may have a band of antialiasing pixels having selectively reduced strengths to visually smooth content displayed along the curved edges. The antialiasing pixels may include single-opening pixels that each have a single opaque masking layer opening and may include dual-opening pixels that each include a pair of opaque masking layer openings. The single-opening pixels may be stronger than the dual-opening pixels.

公开(公告)号：US20180081223A1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-22

申请号：US15351212

申请日：2016-11-14

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Hossein Nemati ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Jin Yan ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/136 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/1333

CPC classification number: G02B5/3016 ,  G02B5/3041 ,  G02B5/3083 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/133615 ,  G02F2001/133635 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  H01L27/323 ,  H01L51/0011 ,  H01L51/0076 ,  H01L51/5271 ,  H01L51/5281 ,  H01L2251/558

Abstract: A display may include an optical film to promote sunglass-friendly viewing of the display. Displays may include linear polarizers. For example, a liquid crystal display may have a linear polarizer above a liquid crystal layer, whereas an organic light-emitting diode display may have a linear polarizer that forms a portion of a circular polarizer to reduce reflections in the display. Displays that emit linearly polarized light may not be compatible with polarized sunglasses. To ensure an optimal user experience for users wearing sunglasses, displays may include sunglass-friendly optical films. A sunglass-friendly optical film may be a film formed from a birefringent material such as a polymer or liquid crystal. The sunglass-friendly optical film may have an optical axis that is at a 45° angle relative to the optical axis of the underlying linear polarizer. The sunglass-friendly optical film may be patterned to have reduced thickness regions.

公开(公告)号：US20160209691A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-21

申请号：US14850006

申请日：2015-09-10

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Byung Duk Yang ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Hiroshi Osawa ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Ming-Chin Hung ,  Shang-Chih Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Yu Cheng Chen ,  Yuan Chen

IPC: G02F1/1368 ,  H01L29/51 ,  H01L29/786 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/1368 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02F1/133345 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F2001/133521 ,  G02F2001/136222 ,  H01L29/518 ,  H01L29/78606

Abstract: A display may have upper and lower display layers. A layer of liquid crystal material may be interposed between the upper and lower display layers. The display layers may have substrates. The display layers may include a color filter layer having an array of color filter elements on a glass substrate and a thin-film transistor layer having a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a glass substrate. Dielectric layers within the display layers such as dielectric layers within the thin-film transistor layer may have differing indices of refraction. Reflections and color shifts due to index of refraction discontinuities may be minimized by interposing graded index dielectric layers between adjacent layers with different indices. The graded index layers may be formed from structures with a continuously varying index of refraction or structures with a step-wise varying index of refraction.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有上和下显示层。 可以在上显示层和下显示层之间插入一层液晶材料。 显示层可以具有基底。 显示层可以包括在玻璃基板上具有滤色器元件阵列的滤色器层和在玻璃基板上具有薄膜晶体管电路层的薄膜晶体管层。 诸如薄膜晶体管层内的介电层的显示层内的电介质层可以具有不同的折射率。 由于折射不连续指数引起的反射和颜色偏移可以通过在不同指数的相邻层之间插入渐变折射率介电层来最小化。 渐变折射率层可以由具有连续变化的折射率的结构或具有逐步变化的折射率的结构形成。