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31.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06433913B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09471075
申请日：1999-12-22
申请人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
发明人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
IPC分类号： G02F115
CPC分类号： G02C7/101 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/163
摘要： Improved electro-optic devices are provided which may be in the configuration of variable transmittance windows, variable transmittance eyeglasses, variable transmittance light filters and displays and other devices wherein the transmittance of light therethrough automatically varies as a function of light impinging thereon. The electro-optic devices include a self-erasing electro-optic medium, and the transmittance of light through such medium varies as a function of electrical signals applied thereto through the agency of at least one photovoltaic cell, enclosed within the electro-optic device, and obviating the necessity of providing external drive voltage or external bleeder resistors or external wiring. In addition, a method and apparatus are provided for making such electro-optic devices.
摘要翻译： 提供了改进的电光器件，其可以是可变透光窗，可变透镜眼镜，可变透光性滤光器和显示器以及其他光的透射率的结构，其中光的透射率随着照射在其上的光的功能而自动变化。 电光器件包括自擦除电光介质，并且通过这种介质的光的透射率随着被封装在电光器件内的至少一个光伏电池的代理而施加于其上的电信号的函数而变化， 并且避免提供外部驱动电压或外部泄放电阻器或外部布线的必要性。 此外，提供了一种用于制造这种电光装置的方法和装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5751467A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US874175
申请日：1992-04-23
申请人： Harlan J. Byker
发明人： Harlan J. Byker
CPC分类号： C07D498/04 , B60R1/088 , C09K9/02 , G01R13/40 , G02F1/1521 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/157 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512
摘要： The present invention provides variable reflectance automobile mirrors wherein the component of variable transmittance is a single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic device.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了可变反射汽车后视镜，其中可变透射率的分量是单室自消除溶液相电致变色装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5278693A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US820998
申请日：1992-01-13
申请人： David A. Theiste , Harlan J. Byker
发明人： David A. Theiste , Harlan J. Byker
IPC分类号： G02F1/15
CPC分类号： G02F1/1521 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512
摘要： The invention provides improved solution-phase electrochromic devices, wherein the solution of reversibly variable transmittance is tinted with a tint-providing compound, and solutions of reversibly variable transmittance for use in the improved devices of the invention. An electrochromic device of the invention can be used, for example, as the component of reversibly variable transmittance in a variable-reflectance motor vehicle mirror. Among such mirrors provided by the invention are blue-tinted mirrors.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了改进的溶液相电致变色装置，其中可变透射率的溶液用着色提供化合物着色，以及用于本发明改进装置的可逆透射率的溶液。 本发明的电致变色装置例如可以用作可变反射机动车辆反射镜中的可变透射率的分量。 本发明提供的这种反射镜中有蓝色的镜子。
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公开(公告)号：US06594065B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-15
申请号：US09866930
申请日：2001-05-29
IPC分类号： G02F115
摘要： Electrochromic structures, such as windows and panels, are provided wherein privacy and changes in the color of an electrochromic medium incorporated in the structures may be either enhanced or hidden when viewed from a predetermined direction, as for example, when viewed from the outside of a building or when viewed from one side of a transparent interior panel in a building.
摘要翻译： 提供电致变色结构，例如窗户和面板，其中当从预定方向观察时，结合在结构中的电致变色介质的隐私和变化可以被增强或隐藏，例如当从一个 建筑物或当从建筑物中的透明内部面板的一侧观察时。
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公开(公告)号：US06446402B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09608248
申请日：2000-06-30
申请人： Harlan J. Byker , Paul H. Ogburn
发明人： Harlan J. Byker , Paul H. Ogburn
IPC分类号： G02F101
CPC分类号： C03C27/10 , B32B17/10036 , B32B17/10174 , B32B17/10477 , B32B17/10678 , B32B17/10761 , B32B17/10908 , F24S50/80 , G02F1/0147 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/40 , Y10T428/25
摘要： The invention is an energy efficient, thermochromic device that may be used to allow sunlight or solar radiation into a building or structure when the ambient temperature is low and substantially blocks solar radiation when the ambient temperature is high, especially when sunlight is directly on the window.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种能量有效的热变色装置，当环境温度低时可用于将太阳光或太阳辐射照射到建筑物或结构中，并且当环境温度高时特别是当阳光直接在窗户上时基本上阻挡太阳辐射 。
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公开(公告)号：US06351328B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US09811914
申请日：2001-03-19
申请人： Harlan J. Byker
发明人： Harlan J. Byker
IPC分类号： G02F115
CPC分类号： C07D498/04 , B60R1/088 , C09K9/02 , G01R13/40 , G02F1/1521 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/157 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512
摘要： Single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic devices, solutions of electrochromic compounds for use as media of variable transmittance in such devices, and electrochromic compounds for such solutions are provided. The devices of the invention are surprisingly stable to cycling between light and dark states, have continuously variable transmittance to light as a function of electrical potential applied across the solution in a device, and have transmittance that can be varied over more than a factor of 10, from clear to dark or from dark to clear, in several seconds. Thus, the devices are especially suitable as variable transmittance components of variable transmission light filters, including windows, and variable reflectance mirrors, including anti-glare rearview mirrors in automobiles. Also provided are improved variable reflectance mirrors, wherein transmittance of reflected light is varied by thermochromic, photochromic or electro-optic means and wherein the reduction in transmittance which is required to eliminate perceptible reflection of an object to the eyes of an observer is reduced by disposing the plane of the highly reflective surface of the mirror at an angle with respect to the plane of the surface through which light from the object enters the mirror.
摘要翻译： 提供单室，自擦除，溶液相电致变色装置，用作这种装置中透射率可变的介质的电致变色化合物的溶液以及用于这种溶液的电致变色化合物。 本发明的装置对于光和暗状态之间的循环是令人惊奇的稳定的，具有连续可变的透射率，作为穿过装置中的溶液施加的电势的函数，并且透射率可以超过10倍 ，从清澈到黑暗或从黑暗到清澈，几秒钟。 因此，这些装置特别适用于包括窗口的可变透光滤光器的可变透射分量，以及包括汽车中的防眩后视镜的可变反射镜。 还提供了改进的可变反射镜，其中反射光的透射率由热致变色，光致变色或电光装置改变，并且其中通过处置以减少物体对观察者的眼睛的可察觉反射所需的透射率的降低 反射镜的高度反射表面的平面相对于表面的平面成角度，通过该平面，来自物体的光进入反射镜。
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公开(公告)号：US06248263B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09361923
申请日：1999-07-27
IPC分类号： G02F100
摘要： The present invention provides improved electrochromic layers, which comprise polymeric matrices with electrochromic solutions interspersed therein. Varying an electrical potential difference across a layer of the invention results in reversible variation in the transmittance of light across the layer because of electrochemical processes in the electrochromic solution of the layer. The invention further provides electrochromic devices, in which the electrochromic layers of the invention provide reversibly variable transmittance to light, and various apparatus in which the devices of the invention provide light-filtering or light-color modulation. Such apparatus include windows, including those for use inside and on the outside walls of buildings and in sunroofs for automobiles, and variable reflectance mirrors, especially rearview mirrors for automobiles.
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38.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6064508A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US114386
申请日：1998-07-13
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , G02F1/1506 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02 , H01L51/529
摘要： An electrochromic variable reflectance mirror for a vehicle includes a reflector/electrode on the third surface of the mirror. This reflector/electrode forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings. When a series of coatings is used for the reflector/electrode, there should be a base coating which bonds to the glass surface and resists any adverse interaction, e.g., corrosive action, with the constituents comprising the electrochromic media, an optional intermediate layer (or layers) which bonds well to the base coating and resists any adverse interaction with the electrochromic media, and at least one highly reflective layer which directly contacts the electrochromic media and which is chosen primarily for its high reflectance, stable behavior as an electrode, resistance to adverse interaction with the materials of the electrochromic media, resistance to atmospheric corrosion, resistance to electrical contact corrosion, the ability to adhere to the base or intermediate layer(s) (if present) and to the epoxy seal, and ease of cleaning. If a base layer is deposited it preferably covers the entire third surface; however, when this is done the highly reflective layer may optionally only coat the central portion of the third surface and not the perimeter edge portion. The third surface reflector/electrode provides of improved electrical interconnection techniques used to impart a voltage drive potential to a transparent conductor on the mirror's second surface.
摘要翻译： 用于车辆的电致变色反射镜包括在反射镜的第三表面上的反射器/电极。 该反射器/电极形成与电致变色介质接触的整体电极，并且可以是单层高反射材料，或者可以包括一系列涂层。 当反射器/电极使用一系列涂层时，应该有一个基底涂层，其粘合到玻璃表面并抵抗任何不利的相互作用，例如腐蚀作用，其中组分包括电致变色介质，任选的中间层（或 层），其与基底涂层良好地结合并且抵抗与电致变色介质的任何不利相互作用，以及至少一个直接接触电致变色介质的高反射层，其主要用于其作为电极的高反射率，稳定的行为，对 与电致变色介质的材料的不利相互作用，耐大气腐蚀，耐电接触腐蚀，粘附到基底或中间层（如果存在）和环氧树脂密封件的能力以及易于清洁的能力。 如果沉积基层，则优选覆盖整个第三表面; 然而，当这样做时，高反射层可以可选地仅涂覆第三表面的中心部分而不是周边边缘部分。 第三表面反射器/电极提供改进的电互连技术，用于将电压驱动电位赋予镜子第二表面上的透明导体。
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39.发明授权Electro-optic window incorporating a discrete photovoltaic device and apparatus for making same 失效包括分立的光伏器件的电光窗和用于制造它的装置
公开(公告)号：US6045643A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US12957
申请日：1998-01-26
CPC分类号： G02F1/1533 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/163
摘要： An electro-optic window is provided which is powered solely by at least one discrete photovoltaic cell within an electro-optic window. The electro-optic window has front and back spaced-apart glass elements sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship and defining a chamber filled with an electro-optic material. The front glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face of the front glass element confronting the rear glass element and the rear glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face confronting the front glass element. The seal is generally disposed along the perimeter of three edges of both glass elements and some distance in from the remaining (fourth) edge. The photovoltaic assembly is electrically connected to the two transparent conductive layers and is placed on the outer perimeter along this fourth edge with the photon-absorbing side of all the photovoltaic cells within the photovoltaic assembly facing in one direction ("out" the window). When light impinges on the photovoltaic cell a current is created which darkens the electro-optic material in proportion to the amount of impinging light. By choosing the relative area of the photovoltaic assembly to produce the correct current for the electro-optically active window area, the darkening of the electro-optic portion can be directly and accurately controlled without the need for any circuit, wires or shorting resistors.In addition, an apparatus for making an electro-optic window having two members capable of securing and holding two glass elements in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship is provided. The glass elements may be secured by vacuum-applying members or simple clips. The glass elements may be held in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship by a hydraulic mechanism or by simple spacers placed between the securing members.
摘要翻译： 提供电光窗，其仅由电光窗内的至少一个分立的光伏电池供电。 电光窗具有以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起的前部和后部间隔开的玻璃元件，并且限定了充满电光材料的室。 前玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的前玻璃元件的表面上具有透明导电层，后玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的面上具有透明导电层。 密封件通常沿着两个玻璃元件的三个边缘的周边设置，并且与剩余的（第四）边缘距离一定距离。 光伏组件电连接到两个透明导电层，并且沿着第四边缘放置在外周边上，光伏组件内的所有光伏电池的光子吸收侧面向一个方向（“向外”）。 当光照射在光伏电池上时，产生电流，使电光材料与入射光的量成比例地变暗。 通过选择光电组件的相对面积以产生用于电光窗口区域的正确电流，可以直接和精确地控制电光部分的变暗，而不需要任何电路，导线或短路电阻器。 此外，提供了一种用于制造具有两个能够以间隔和平行关系固定和保持两个玻璃元件的构件的电光窗的装置。 玻璃元件可以通过真空施加构件或简单的夹子来固定。 玻璃元件可以通过液压机构或通过固定构件之间的简单间隔件保持间隔开和平行的关系。
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公开(公告)号：US6016215A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-18
申请号：US140052
申请日：1998-08-26
申请人： Harlan J. Byker
发明人： Harlan J. Byker
CPC分类号： C07D498/04 , B60R1/088 , C09K9/02 , G01R13/40 , G02F1/1521 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/157 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512
摘要： Single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic devices, solutions of electrochromic compounds for use as media of variable transmittance in such devices, and electrochromic compounds for such solutions are provided. The devices of the invention are surprisingly stable to cycling between light and dark states, have continuously variable transmittance to light as a function of electrical potential applied across the solution in a device, and have transmittance that can be varied over more than a factor of 10, from clear to dark or from dark to clear, in several seconds. Thus, the devices are especially suitable as variable transmittance components of variable transmission light filters, including windows, and variable reflectance mirrors, including anti-glare rearview mirrors in automobiles. Also provided are improved variable reflectance mirrors, wherein transmittance of reflected light is varied by thermochromic, photochromic or electro-optic means and wherein the reduction in transmittance which is required to eliminate perceptible reflection of an object to the eyes of an observer is reduced by disposing the plane of the highly reflective surface of the mirror at an angle with respect to the plane of the surface through which light from the object enters the mirror.
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