Abstract:
An electronic cam using a servo motor is controlled such that its motion including its acceleration will be connected between synchronized and non-synchronized control sections. A controlled object is moved at a fixed speed during the synchronized control section. A fifth-order function for position control of the electronic cam, a fourth-order function for speed control of the electronic cam and a third-order function for acceleration control of the electronic cam are used in the non-synchronized control section such that operation of the electronic cam at transition points between the synchronized control section and the non-synchronized control section is smoothly controlled.
Abstract:
A control device for a spark-ignition engine, in which a mixture in a combustion chamber is fired by compression ignition in a part-load range under warm-running conditions, includes an EGR controller incorporating a valve operation controller for controlling internal EGR of hot burned gas and a cold EGR controller for controlling external EGR of cold burned gas. The EGR controller performs EGR control operation to leave the hot EGR gas in the combustion chamber in a lower-load, lower-speed region within a compression ignition combustion range and to introduce the cold EGR gas into the combustion chamber in a higher-load, higher-speed region within the compression ignition combustion range. The control device further includes a firing assist unit for inducing the compression ignition at least when ignitability of the mixture decreases due to introduction of the cold EGR gas in the compression ignition combustion range.
Abstract:
There is provided an electrode device for iontophoresis capable of retaining a drug in a gel state with a force just enough so as not to disturb the treatment. In order to retain the gel (70), a sheet member (50) composed of a nonwoven fabric is laminated on a base film (20) including an electrode layer (30) so as to be integrated with the base film (20). The sheet member (50) has a property for allowing the gel (70) to permeate therein. Owing to this feature, the gel (70) loaded on the sheet member (50) is retained thereon with at least a part of the gel (70) permeated therein.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an iontophoresis device allowing effective and continuous absorption for a long period. The iontophoresis device comprises the first electrode structure (100a) and the second electrode structure (110a) each having a hydrophilic conductive layer (102a, 112a) containing active ingredient and an electrode member (101a, 111a), and a power supply (120a) having polarity inverting means for switching over a current direction between the two electrode structures, wherein at least one of the first and the second electrode structures contains chloride ions and before administration, a chloride-ion content (P mg) is within a range satisfying the following equation: 1.0×(I×T×0.022)≦P wherein T represents a polarity inverting time (min) until polarity is inverted after energization in a certain direction and I represents an average current (mA).
Abstract:
The ink jet recording apparatus of this invention comprises a means 67 for heating a record material to a predetermined temperature range at the position of recording, a recording head 41 for ejecting ink 46 from an ink ejection orifice 49 toward the record material to perform recording, the ink containing a substance having thickening properties when undergoing heat, and/or a substance having a cloud point for the heat; a means 69 for measuring the duration for which the recording head resides at the position of recording; and means for controlling the duration of residence in accordance with the properties of the ink to prevent the ejection function being impaired owing to the heating of the surroundings of the ink ejection orifice. This invention can provide an ink jet recording method which determines a rise in the temperature in the surroundings of the ink ejection orifice on the basis of the duration of residence of the recording head at the position of recording for the purpose of recording, and which performs control to suppress the temperature rise before the ejection function is interrupted.
Abstract:
In a liquid jet recording head having a plurality of discharge ports for discharging liquid therethrough, energy generating elements are provided correspondingly to the discharge ports and generate energy to discharge a liquid. A temperature detecting element for detecting temperature and the energy generating elements are provided on the same support member. The temperature detecting element extends in a direction intersecting a group of the energy generating elements and/or a group of wirings for the energy generating elements.