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公开(公告)号：US06566692B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09924920
申请日：2001-08-08
申请人： Takeshi Uenoyama , Masahiro Deguchi
发明人： Takeshi Uenoyama , Masahiro Deguchi
IPC分类号： H01L31072
CPC分类号： H01J1/308
摘要： An n-GaN layer is provided as an emitter layer for supplying electrons. A non-doped (intrinsic) AlxGa1−xN layer (0≦x≦1) having a compositionally graded Al content ratio x is provided as an electron transfer layer for transferring electrons toward the surface. A non-doped AlN layer having a negative electron affinity (NEA) is provided as a surface layer. Above the AlN layer, a control electrode and a collecting electrode are provided. An insulating layer formed of a material having a larger electron affinity than that of the AlN layer is interposed between the control electrode and the collecting electrode. This provides a junction transistor which allows electrons injected from the AlN layer to conduct through the conduction band of the insulating layer and then reach the collecting electrode.
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公开(公告)号：US06400091B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09525546
申请日：2000-03-14
申请人： Masahiro Deguchi , Makoto Kitabatake , Kanji Imai , Tomohiro Sekiguchi , Hideo Kurokawa , Keisuke Koga , Tetsuya Shiratori , Toru Kawase
发明人： Masahiro Deguchi , Makoto Kitabatake , Kanji Imai , Tomohiro Sekiguchi , Hideo Kurokawa , Keisuke Koga , Tetsuya Shiratori , Toru Kawase
IPC分类号： G09G310
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01J3/021 , H01J2201/30403 , H01J2201/30457 , H01J2201/30469 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/842 , Y10S977/901 , Y10S977/939
摘要： An electron emission element of the present invention includes a substrate, a cathode formed on the substrate, an anode opposed to the cathode, an electron emission member disposed on the cathode, and a control electrode disposed between the cathode and the anode. During operation, the electric field intensity immediately above the electron emission member is lower than that between the control electrode and the anode. Alternatively, the spatial average of an electric field intensity between the electron emission member and the control electrode is smaller than that between the control electrode and the anode.
摘要翻译： 本发明的电子发射元件包括基板，形成在基板上的阴极，与阴极相对的阳极，设置在阴极上的电子发射部件，以及设置在阴极和阳极之间的控制电极。 在操作期间，电子发射构件正上方的电场强度低于控制电极和阳极之间的电场强度。 或者，电子发射构件和控制电极之间的电场强度的空间平均值小于控制电极和阳极之间的电场强度的空间平均值。
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公开(公告)号：US06207282B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US08996762
申请日：1997-12-22
IPC分类号： B32B900
CPC分类号： C30B33/00 , C30B29/04 , H01J2237/0812 , Y10T428/24355 , Y10T428/24479 , Y10T428/30
摘要： Cluster particles including a plurality of molecules or atoms are prepared by a gas cluster method, are accelerated, and are then irradiated onto a diamond in a low pressure atmosphere, so that the unevenness surfaces of the diamond are smoothed with no damages in the diamond. The cluster particles are prepared by the steps of forming, ionizing, mass-separating, and accelerating cluster particles. The cluster particles with a certain energy are irradiated onto the surface of the diamond. Irradiated cluster particles collide with the surface of the diamond, and then break apart into each molecule or atom while changing momentum (direction and speed) or energy. Thus, the surface of the diamond is efficiently smoothed and etched.
摘要翻译： 包含多个分子或原子的簇粒子通过气体簇法制备，被加速，然后在低压气氛中照射到金刚石上，使得金刚石的不平坦表面在金刚石中没有损坏的情况下被平滑化。 通过形成，离子化，质量分离和加速簇粒子的步骤制备簇粒子。 具有一定能量的簇粒子被照射到金刚石的表面上。 辐照的簇粒子与金刚石的表面碰撞，然后在改变动量（方向和速度）或能量的同时分解成每个分子或原子。 因此，金刚石的表面被有效地平滑和蚀刻。
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公开(公告)号：US5338449A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US942062
申请日：1992-09-09
CPC分类号： B01D21/2427 , B01D21/0003 , B01D21/0045 , B01D21/02
摘要： An apparatus for refining brine including calcium and magnesium ions. Caustic alkali and carbonate alkali are added to the brine to produce a raw solution including flocks. The brine refining apparatus includes a settling tank having a supply of the raw solution for sinking the flocks to separate the flocks from the brine. A number of sheet members arranged in spaced-facing relation to each other within the settling tank. Each of the sheet members has a surface inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a vertical plane crossing the corresponding sheet member.
摘要翻译： 一种用于精炼含钙和镁离子的盐水的设备。 将苛性碱和碳酸碱加入到盐水中以产生包括羊群的原始溶液。 盐水精炼装置包括一个沉淀池，该沉淀池具有用于沉没羊群的原始溶液的供应物以将鸡群与盐水分离。 多个薄片构件，其在沉降槽内彼此间隔开地布置。 每个片状构件具有相对于与相应的片状构件交叉的垂直平面倾斜预定角度的表面。
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公开(公告)号：US5328855A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US918961
申请日：1992-07-24
IPC分类号： H01L21/04 , H01L21/265 , H01L21/268
CPC分类号： H01L21/268 , H01L21/0415
摘要： Semiconductor diamond is formed by a process comprising irradiating diamond crystal with light having irradiation density of more than 0.1 W/cm.sup.2, annihilating defects in the diamond crystals, and cleaning the surface of the diamond crystals.
摘要翻译： 通过包括用具有大于0.1W / cm 2的照射密度的光照射金刚石晶体，消除金刚石晶体中的缺陷并清洁金刚石晶体的表面的方法形成半导体金刚石。
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公开(公告)号：US4539664A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-03
申请号：US380343
申请日：1982-05-20
CPC分类号： G11B7/08564 , G11B21/085 , G11B7/08517 , G11B7/08541 , Y10S358/907
摘要： In a device for reproducing the information, especially the video signal optically, magnetically or otherwise recorded on the spiral or concentric track on a disk-shaped recording medium, a control system for controlling the radially inward or outward shift or jump of a reproduction transducer from one track to another for effecting, in addition to the normal reproduction, the special effect reproductions such as still picture, slow, fast and reverse motions. The control system comprising a shifting means for shifting or jumping the transducer in the radial directions substantially perpendicular to the tracks, a control means for maintaining the transducer to scan the desired track, and a detecting means for detecting whether or not the transducer has been shifted or jumped and brought to the desired track and generating the output signal in response to which the shifting means is disabled to decelerate and stop the shifting or jumping of the transducer.
摘要翻译： 在用于再现信息的装置中，特别是视频信号以磁性或其他方式记录在盘形记录介质上的螺旋或同心轨道上的控制系统，用于控制再现传感器的径向向内或向外移位或跳跃 除了正常的复制之外，还有一条轨道可以实现特殊效果的复制，如静态图像，慢速，快速和反向运动。 所述控制系统包括用于在基本上垂直于所述轨道的径向方向上移动或跳跃所述换能器的移动装置，用于保持所述换能器扫描期望轨道的控制装置，以及用于检测所述换能器是否已被移位的检测装置 或者跳跃并被带到期望的轨道并产生输出信号，响应于该输出信号，移位装置被禁用以减速并停止换能器的换档或跳跃。
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公开(公告)号：US08597488B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-03
申请号：US13485285
申请日：2012-05-31
摘要： The method for reducing carbon dioxide of the present disclosure includes a step (a) and a step (b) as follows. A step (a) of preparing an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell comprises a working electrode, a counter electrode and a vessel. The vessel stores an electrolytic solution. The working electrode contains at least one nitride selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, molybdenum nitride and iron nitride. The electrolytic solution contains carbon dioxide. The working electrode and the counter electrode are in contact with the electrolytic solution. A step (b) of applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage to the working electrode and the counter electrode, respectively, to reduce the carbon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 本公开的减少二氧化碳的方法包括如下步骤（a）和步骤（b）。 制备电化学电池的步骤（a）。 电化学电池包括工作电极，对电极和容器。 容器存储电解液。 工作电极含有选自氮化钛，氮化锆，氮化铪，氮化钽，氮化钼和氮化铁中的至少一种氮化物。 电解液含有二氧化碳。 工作电极和对电极与电解液接触。 分别对工作电极和对电极施加负电压和正电压以减少二氧化碳的步骤（b）。
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公开(公告)号：US20120234691A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-20
申请号：US13485285
申请日：2012-05-31
IPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： The method for reducing carbon dioxide of the present disclosure includes a step (a) and a step (b) as follows. A step (a) of preparing an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell comprises a working electrode, a counter electrode and a vessel. The vessel stores an electrolytic solution. The working electrode contains at least one nitride selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, molybdenum nitride and iron nitride. The electrolytic solution contains carbon dioxide. The working electrode and the counter electrode are in contact with the electrolytic solution. A step (b) of applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage to the working electrode and the counter electrode, respectively, to reduce the carbon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 本公开的减少二氧化碳的方法包括如下步骤（a）和步骤（b）。 制备电化学电池的步骤（a）。 电化学电池包括工作电极，对电极和容器。 容器存储电解液。 工作电极含有选自氮化钛，氮化锆，氮化铪，氮化钽，氮化钼和氮化铁中的至少一种氮化物。 电解液含有二氧化碳。 工作电极和对电极与电解液接触。 分别对工作电极和对电极施加负电压和正电压以减少二氧化碳的步骤（b）。
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39.发明授权Porous material and method for manufacturing same, and electrochemical element made using this porous material 有权多孔材料及其制造方法，使用该多孔材料制成的电化学元件公开(公告)号：US07390474B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US10834078
申请日：2004-04-29
申请人： Masa-aki Suzuki , Hidehiro Sasaki , Yasunori Morinaga , Masahiro Deguchi , Yuka Yamada , Nobuyasu Suzuki
发明人： Masa-aki Suzuki , Hidehiro Sasaki , Yasunori Morinaga , Masahiro Deguchi , Yuka Yamada , Nobuyasu Suzuki
IPC分类号： C01B31/02
CPC分类号： H01M4/926 , B01J21/18 , B01J23/42 , B01J37/036 , B01J37/084 , B01J37/349 , C01B32/00 , C04B38/0022 , C04B2111/0081 , C04B2111/00853 , C25B11/035 , C25B11/12 , H01M4/8605 , Y10T428/249953 , C04B35/52 , C04B38/0045 , C04B38/04
摘要： Conventional porous carbon materials obtained by carbonizing an organic gel were prone to shrinkage during their manufacture, in the course of which the density rose and the specific surface area decreased. Another problem was that density and specific surface area were difficult to control after an organic gel had already been formed. In the present invention, a carbon material with a large specific surface area is formed by forming a composite porous material having a reticulated skeleton and composed of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide, and taking advantage of the reaction of this dry gel of an inorganic oxide as a structural support. In one method, a carbon material is formed in this reticulated skeleton in a state in which the characteristics of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide with a large specific surface area are maintained. In another method, the specific surface area of a carbon material is further increased by removing the inorganic oxide of the reticulated skeleton in which the carbon material was formed.
摘要翻译： 通过碳化有机凝胶获得的常规多孔碳材料在其制造过程中容易收缩，其中密度升高并且比表面积减小。 另一个问题是在已经形成有机凝胶之后，密度和比表面积难以控制。 在本发明中，通过形成具有网状骨架并由无机氧化物的干凝胶构成的复合多孔材料形成具有大比表面积的碳材料，并利用该无机无机干凝胶的反应 氧化物作为结构载体。 在一种方法中，在保持比表面积大的无机氧化物的干凝胶的特性的状态下，在该网状骨架中形成碳材料。 在另一种方法中，通过除去其中形成碳材料的网状骨架的无机氧化物，进一步提高了碳材料的比表面积。
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40.发明授权Magnetoresistance element and magnetoresistance storage element and magnetic memory 失效磁电阻元件和磁阻存储元件和磁存储器公开(公告)号：US07005691B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10470670
申请日：2002-06-04
IPC分类号： H01L31/119
CPC分类号： H01L27/228 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y25/00 , G01R33/093 , G11B5/3903 , G11B5/3909 , G11B5/3967 , G11B2005/3996 , G11C11/16 , H01F10/324 , H01F10/3254 , H01L43/08 , Y10S257/903 , Y10S257/904
摘要： A magnetoresistance element, wherein a first electric conductor is so formed as to contact almost the center of the surface opposite to a non-magnetic layer of a first ferromagnetic layer so formed as to sandwich, along with a second ferromagnetic layer, the non-magnetic layer, and an insulator so formed as to cover at least the side surface of the first ferromagnetic layer and the non-magnetic layer is formed so as to cover the peripheral edge of the surface of the first ferromagnetic layer, whereby it is possible to prevent a leakage current from flowing from the first electric conductor to a second electric conductor along the side surfaces of the first ferromagnetic layer, the non-magnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, and to make uniform a bias current running from the first electric conductor to the second electric conductor to thereby restrict variations in magnetoresistance characteristics such as MR value and junction resistance.
摘要翻译： 一种磁电阻元件，其中第一导电体形成为几乎接触与第一铁磁层的非磁性层相对的表面的中心，所述第一铁磁层的形成为与第二铁磁层一起夹在中间，非磁性层 层和形成为至少覆盖第一铁磁层的侧表面的绝缘体，并且非磁性层形成为覆盖第一铁磁层的表面的周边边缘，由此可以防止 漏电流从第一导电体沿着第一铁磁层，非磁性层和第二铁磁层的侧面流向第二导电体，并且使从第一导电体流出的偏置电流均匀 第二导体，从而限制诸如MR值和结电阻的磁阻特性的变化。
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