摘要:
A DAC architecture is provided which is monotonic in operation despite any mismatches in the components. The architecture is a segmented architecture and hence it is area efficient. This is achieved by effecting a generation of analog voltages by driving current sources to resistors in response to digital input. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a resistor string coupled between output and vref-, and set of current sources. The current sources are switched to nodes between resistors to generate voltages at the output.
摘要:
A phase detection apparatus is described for use in a phase lock loop (PLL). The apparatus has a first input for a reference signal, a second input for a loop feedback signal and an output for the phase difference signal. Two D-type flips flops are provided, the first being clocked with the reference signal and the second with the loop feedback signal. The output of the second flip-flop is delayed relative to the first flip-flop, thereby effecting minimal overlap, when using the phase detection apparatus in a fractional- N phase lock loop, of the interpolator activity with that of the charge pump.
摘要:
A unified policy management system for an organization including a central policy server and remotely situated policy enforcers. A central database and policy enforcer databases storing policy settings are configured as LDAP databases adhering to a hierarchical object oriented structure. Such structure allows the policy settings to be defined in an intuitive and extensible fashion. Changes in the policy settings made at the central policy server are automatically transferred to the policy enforcers for updating their respective databases. Each policy enforcer collects and transmits health and status information in a predefined log format and transmits it to the policy server for efficient monitoring by the policy server. For further efficiencies, the policy enforcement functionalities of the policy enforcers are effectively partitioned so as to be readily implemented in hardware. The system also provides for dynamically routed VPNs where VPN membership lists are automatically created and shared with the member policy enforcers. Updates to such membership lists are also automatically transferred to remote VPN clients. The system further provides for fine grain access control of the traffic in the VPN by allowing definition of firewall rules within the VPN. In addition, policy server and policy enforcers may be configured for high availability by maintaining a backup unit in addition to a primary unit. The backup unit become active upon failure of the primary unit.
摘要:
A digital frequency measurement system including first and second digital differentiators responsive to first and second digital quadrature signals representative of first and second quadrature modulated input signals that represent binary data having a center frequency equal to a predetermined IF frequency for generating first and second differentiated signals, first and second processing circuits responsive to the first and second digital quadrature signals representative of the modulated input signals and the first and second differentiated signals for multiplying the first differentiated signal by the second quadrature digital representation of the input signals and multiplying the second differentiated signal by the first quadrature digital representation of the input signals to provide first and second multiplied signals, a combining circuit responsive to the first and second multiplied signals for generating a density signal having a pulse density proportional to the frequency of the input signals, a digital filter responsive to the density signal for providing an output signal representing the average value of the pulse density, and an envelope detector circuit responsive to the output signal for determining the midpoint of the maximum and minimum signal level representative of the input signals and providing a digital signal that represents the center frequency of the input signals.
摘要:
Coating solutions comprising surface-modified nanoparticles, a first liquid having a vapor pressure, VP1, and a second liquid miscible with the first liquid, having a vapor pressure, VP2, that is less than VP1, wherein the nanoparticles are more compatible with the first liquid than with the second liquid, are provided. Methods of applying and drying these solutions, and articles comprising substrates coated with these solutions are also provided.
摘要:
Flashlights having selectively controllable brightness levels, a preferred embodiment of which comprises in combination: a battery; a light emitter assembly; a switch in circuit with the battery and the light emitter assembly, the switch having a first OFF position and a second OFF position, the first ON position coupling the battery to the light emitter assembly for producing a first light output, and a second ON position coupling the battery to the light emitter assembly for producing a second light output; and a switch actuator adapted to be coupled to the switch alternatively in its first OFF position and its second OFF position, the switch actuator when coupled in its first OFF position is translatable by a first distance placing the switch in its first ON position and translatable by a second distance placing the switch in its second ON position, the switch actuator when coupled in its second OFF position is translatable by a third distance placing the switch in its first ON position. The switch actuator preferably comprises a click-ON/click-OFF pushbutton switch actuator, for alternatively placing the switch momentarily in its first and second ON positions and constantly in its second ON position from its first OFF position; and for alternatively placing the switch momentarily and constantly in its first ON position from its second OFF position.
摘要:
A thin-film bulk acoustic wave delay line device providing true-time delays and a method of fabricating same. An exemplary device can comprise several thin-film layers including thin-film transducer layers, thin-film delay layers, and stacks of additional thin-film materials providing acoustic reflectors and matching networks. The layer material selection and layer thicknesses can be controlled to improve impedance matching between transducers and the various delay line materials. For example, the transducer layers and delay layers can comprise piezoelectric and amorphous forms of the same material. The layers can be deposited on a carrier substrate using standard techniques. The device can be configured so that mechanical waves propagate solely within the thin films, providing a substrate-independent device. The device, so constructed, can be of a small size, e.g. 40 μm per side, and capable of handling high power levels, potentially up to 20 dBm, with low insertion loss of approximately 3 dB.
摘要:
The invention disclosed herein is directed to a caulking tip assembly adapted for controllably dispensing a caulking material from a caulked-filled canister or tube. The caulking tip assembly comprises a tapered nozzle that includes an attachment end section and a dispensing tip section. The attachment end section is removably attachable to a dispensing end portion of the canister or tube, and the dispensing tip section conically tapers to a tip. The caulking tip assembly further comprises an adjustable valve positioned, at least in part, within the tapered nozzle and between the attachment end section and the dispensing tip section of the tapered nozzle. The adjustable valve is rotatably adjustable between a fully open position and a fully closed position.
摘要:
A sealed capacitive sensor includes a substrate having a diaphragm forming a first plate of a capacitor; a second fixed plate of the capacitor spaced from the diaphragm and defining a predetermined dielectric gap and a sealing medium connecting together the substrate and fixed plate in an integrated structure and hermetically sealing the gap.
摘要:
Transporting aircraft within an airport operational area. An airport operational area within which an unmanned ground vehicle is configured to selectively tow aircraft is defined. A ground tracking system provides position data signals to determine the position of the unmanned ground vehicle position relative to positions in at least one operational area path contained in the airport operational area. This positioning is supplemented by the position as determined from an electronic tracking system, such as a radar-based system. The unmanned ground vehicle is then selectively guided to engage and tow the aircraft to a selected position within the airport operational area.